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MAXIFUELS: Second generation bioethanol technology
MAXIFUELS: Second generation bioethanol technology
Birgitte K. AhringBirgitte K. Ahring
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Transportation accounts for 28% of the total CO2-emission within EU-15 and 67% of the oil
import
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Ændring i EU’s udledning af drivhusgasser (1990-1999)Ændring i EU’s udledning af drivhusgasser (1990-1999)
Kilde: WWW.BAFF.INFO
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Derfor biobrændstofDerfor biobrændstof
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Drivhusgasudledning
0
50
100
150
200g
CO
2eq
/ km
Series1
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Miljø er ikke den vigtigste driver for biobrændstofMiljø er ikke den vigtigste driver for biobrændstof
Forsyningssikkerhed Olieerstatning Landbrugsproduktion Beskæftigelse Fremtidig vækst
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Hvorfor ikke brænde biomassen af?- mest
CO2 og mest netto energi Hvorfor ikke brænde biomassen af?- mest
CO2 og mest netto energi Fordi biomasse kan bruges til at løse
olieafhængigheden i transportsektoren Fordi biobrændstofproduktion går hånd i hånd med
forbrænding Fordi der ikke altid er brug for overskudsvarme Fordi der er forskel på energikvaliteter Fordi forbrænding er dyrt (tilskud på imellem 500 og
800 kr pr. ton halm) Fordi det ikke er en global løsning
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Transport ved afbrænding af biomasseTransport ved afbrænding af biomasse
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Biobrændstof er en global løsning som sker nu
Biobrændstof er en global løsning som sker nu
Danmark kan være med eller måske lade være
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• 2% Biofuels in year 2005
• 5.75% Biofuels in year 2010
EU Directive, March 12, 2003
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
25% biofuels in year 2030
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Biobrændstof target 2005 for 18 EU medlemslandeBiobrændstof target 2005 for 18 EU medlemslande
3.0%2.9%
2.5%
2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
1.4%1.3%
1.2% 1.2%
0.7%
0.4%0.3% 0.3%
0.1% 0.1%0.0%
SV CZ AT SK LI LA ES DE EU25 NL FR PT GR HU UK MT FI IE DK
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Bioethanol – Production TechnologiesBioethanol – Production Technologies
Current Technologies
Starch Ethanol Substrates: Corn, Grain, Sugarcane…
Future Technologies
Lignocellulose EthanolSubstrates: Stover, Straw, Bagasse, Wood…
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Straw, wood, etc..Straw, wood, etc..
25-40%
Cellulose35-45%
Hemicellulose
Lignin, othercomponents5-25%
glucose
xylose, arabinose, galactose, mannose, glucose.
Klinke et al., 2000
Ethanol
Yeast
HY10
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The Danish Bioenergy ConceptThe Danish Bioenergy Concept
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The Future Bioethanol ProcessThe Future Bioethanol Process Substrate: Lignocellulose
Etc..
WheatStraw
Willow
Corn Stover
SugarcaneBagasse
Rice Straw
Coffee HusksEucalyptus
Wood
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Optimal BioconversionOptimal Bioconversion
EtOH yield
Biomass converted
Biogas produced
Ethanol produced
The extra step producing methane ensures optimal utilization of the biomass.
What is not transformed into ethanol can be converted into methane
100%
0%
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Optimized use of the biomassOptimized use of the biomass
Oxidized in the pre-treatment
Ethanol from SSF
Ethanol from pentoses
Solid lignin for CHP
Biomethane
Organic material in the process water
Mass balance based on COD
3% 5%19%
20%
19%35%
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From Lab Scale to From Lab Scale to Full ScaleFull ScaleFrom Lab Scale to From Lab Scale to Full ScaleFull Scale
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Wheat Straw in DK:Wheat Straw in DK:
Over 1.000.000 tons of straw are collected for combined Over 1.000.000 tons of straw are collected for combined
heat and power supply per year in DKheat and power supply per year in DK
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Thank you for your Attention
Thank you for your Attention