Download - MCH Mother and Child Health
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MCHMother and Child Health
CHP200:Community Health Program-l
Mohamed M. B. Alnoor
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SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESBy the end of this presentation thestudent should be able to:
Appreciate the General Goals and Specific Objectives of MCH
Understand the common causes of Maternal Mortality
Be familiar with the Reproductive Health Policy Identify the different periods of maternal care, and recognize the important events in those periods:
I. Before pregnancyII. During pregnancyIII. During labour V. Post lactationIV. Post-Natal Care
Appreciate the importance of reproductive health
Understand the objectives and phases of child care Understand the mortality in and around infancy
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OBJECTIVES OF MCH SERVICES:
1.Reduction in maternal, perinatal, infant and childhood Mortality & Morbidity.
2.Promotion of reproductive health.
3.Promotion of physical and psychological
development of child and adolescent within the family.
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Females( 15 – 49): 19%
Each year > 200 million women become pregnant.
> 50 million women experience acute pregnancy related complications.
MCH
Evidences:-gy
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Importance of reproductive health:
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> 50 million women experience acute pregnancy related complications:
- Predictable- Manageable
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Evidences:-
15 million women develop long-term disabilities. 585,000 die annually. (UNICEF)
• Prevention• Diagnosis• Treatment
Importance of reproductive health:
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Poor women health and nutritional status. Inappropriate management of labor is
responsible for about 75% of 7.5 million annual perinatal deaths.
Reproductive Health: - most neglected health problems. - interventions are available. - policies are inappropriate.
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Evidences:-
Importance of reproductive health:
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Health of mothers greatly influences the healthy development and well-
being of their children.
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Childhood Diseases depend on
(Very closely linked with mothers)
Environment
Genetics
Evidences:-
Importance of reproductive health:
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KAP of mother is beneficial to their own health and
the health of their children.
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Healthy daughter
Healthy mother
Evidences:-
Importance of reproductive health:
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Linking reproductive health policies to: girls’ education status of women overall poverty reduction.
Preventing unwanted pregnancies.
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Reproductive Health Policy:
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Facilitating:
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by preventing & managing
pregnancy complications.
Promoting positive health practices e.g.
• safe motherhood
• early treatment of STDs
• safe delivery• safe pregnancy
Reproductive Health Policy:
• delayed marriages• birth spacing .
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A) Nutrition:
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:MCH
(> 15 yrs.) for physical and psychological preparation to bear responsibility.
The nutritional status strongly influences
Foetal growth
Birth weight (newborn)
Nutrition during infancy
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I. Before pregnancy:
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•Maternal immunization against rubella protects the outcome of pregnancy.•Tuberculosis severely affects nutritional status of mothers
MCH I. Before pregnancy:
B) Infections:
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• Maternal Abs passive immunization
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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MCHII. During pregnancy:
Promote, protect and maintain health. Detect high risk. Relieve fear and anxiety. Health Education: ( elements of child care, nutrition, hygiene …… etc)
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Aims:-
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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- Well nourished preg. good birth wt.
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- Common- Affects newborn infant- Preventable
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A) Nutrition:
- Anaemia during pregnancy
II. During pregnancy:
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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B) Infection:- Rubella Congenital deformities
Abortion- Syphilis
IUFD
Stillbirth- Malaria
Low birth wtAmnionitis- UTI
Placentitis Low birth wt
IUFDIUFD
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II. During pregnancy:
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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C) Chronic Diseases
StillbirthAbortionLow birth weight
High perinatalmortality
D) Smoking
II. During pregnancy:
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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E) Heavy work and stress in late pregnancy leads to low birth wtF) Psychological stress
Good ANTENATAL care can provide for all of this and more.
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II. During pregnancy:
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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MCH(Intra-natal Care)
AIMS:Asepsis
(prolonged labor – ante partum hemorrhage – convulsions )
Care of baby at delivery.
Preparedness to deal with complications.
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Minimum injury to mother and newborn.
III. During labour :
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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b) Care during labour
MCH
a) Antenatal Care(Risk assessment)
- Infection ophthalmia neonatorumtetanus neonatorum
- Bleeding
- Trauma MotherNewborn
- Asphyxia
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III. During labour :
PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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V. Post lactation: spacing?
MCHIV. Post-Natal Care
Aims: Restoration of health. Check adequacy of breast feeding. Provide basic health education. (Evaluate effect of antenatal Care)?!
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PERIODS OF MATERNAL CARE:
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SAFE MOTHERHOOD
FP ANC SD EOC
E Q U I T Y F O R W O M E N
PRIMARY HEALTH CAREBASIC MATERNITY CARE
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THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN !MCH
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-Malnutrition- Anaemia- Infection
Pregnancy
- Bleeding- Infection- Bleeding- Infection
-Lack of awareness- Lack of health services
-Lack of utilization of health services
Labour
Postpartum
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MCHMaternal Mortality
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Infancy and Early Childhood:
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MCH
Rapid growthDevelopmentLearning
- Period of
- VulnerabilityInfectionMalnutritionEnvironmental hazards
- Infants: 4% of population: 25% of deaths- “1- 4” years: 13% of pop: 20% of deaths
Child Welfare
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Objectives of child care:Safe entry to lifeReduction in perinatal and neonatal deathsReaching a healthy adulthoodPromotion, protection and maintenance of health(Overcome genetic factor)?
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MCHChild WelfareChild Care Program
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GeneticsFamily historyFeeding plans (Br. F)Home preparation for baby careAnswering questions
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MCHChild WelfareChild Care Program
1. Prenatal Care( Ideally before conception ) Parental guidance and discussion involving:
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- Work of mothers
- Nutrition - Smoking
- Drugs
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MCHChild WelfareChild Care Program
1. Prenatal Care( Ideally before conception ) Parental guidance and discussion involving:
Obstetric
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- Early evaluation- Encourage breast feeding- Face parents’ concern
- Developmental problems- Anxiety- Sleep- Overfeeding
- Active immunization- Monitoring of growth and development
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MCHChild WelfareChild Care Program
2. Infant Care
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Mortality in and around infancy
28th weekof gestation
Birth
7 Days
28 Days
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MCH
I N F A N T
FOETUS
N E O N A T E
PERINATALPERIOD
1 Year
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Mortality in and around infancy
Infant Mortality
Perinatal death
Post-neonatal death
Neonatal death
Lateneonatal
death
Early neo-natal deat
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Still birth Birt
h7 Days
28 Days 1 Year
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28th weekof gestation
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3. Second year of life- Rapid development- Increased parental concern
4. Pre-school years (< 5 years)- Accident prevention
5. School years
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MCHChild WelfareChild Care Program
6. Adolescent Care- Rapid physical growth- Marked emotional changes- Personality development
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