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ME 601A, 2016-17, SEM IIIIT Kanpur
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What are TeX and LaTeX?
• LaTeX is a typesetting systems suitable for producing scientific and mathematical documents— LaTeX enables authors to typeset and print their work at the highest
typographical quality.— LaTeX is pronounced “Lay-tech”.— LaTeX uses TeX formatter as its typesetting engine.
• TeX is a program written by Donald Kunth for typesetting text and mathematical formulas
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Why LaTeX ?• Easy to use, especially for typing mathematical
formulas
• Portability (Windows, Unix, Mac)
• Stability and interchangeability
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Why LaTeX ? contd...• High quality
Most journals /conferences have their LaTeX styles
One will be forced to use it, since everyone else around is using it.
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Why LaTeX ? contd... Documentation and forums
A universal acceptance among researchers
Error finding and troubleshooting are not difficult
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J[x(⋅),u(⋅)] = F (x(t),u(t),t)dtt0
∞∫
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References for LaTeX— The not so short introduction to LaTeX2e
http://tobi.oetiker.ch/lshort/lshort.pdf— Comprehensive TeX archive network
http://www.ctan.org/— Beginning LaTeX
http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Info/Misc/LaTeX-Tutorial/LaTeX-Home.html
Leslie Lamport
H. Kopka
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Process to Create a Document Using LaTeX
TeX input filefile.tex
DVI filefile.dvi
Output filefile.ps or file.pdf
Run LaTeX program
Run Device Driver
Your source LaTeX document
Device independent output
> latex file.tex > xdiv file.dvi > dvips file.dvi> pdflatex file.tex
Unix Commands
runs latex previewercreates .pscreates .pdf directly
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How to Setup LaTeX for Windows
• Download and install MikTeXhttp://www.miktex.org/
• Install Ghostscript and Gsviewhttp://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/
• Install Acrobat Reader
• Install Editor— WinEdt
http://www.winedt.com/— TexnicCenter
http://www.texniccenter.org/— Emacs, vi, etc.
LaTeX package
PS device driver …
TeXShopiTexMacTexmaker…
For MAC Users
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How to Use LaTeX to Create Documents
• Start with a skeletal document (create it by yourself, get it from your classmates, download it from journals’ website)
• Fill stuff (text, formula, figure, table …) into your skeletal document
• Run LaTeX to generate output and make modifications
• Learn as you go
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% This is an example.tex
\documentclass {article}
\begin {document}
This is a test
\end {document}
Example.tex
Writing a document in Latex
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Basic Structure of LaTeX Document
\documentclass [12pt]{article}
\usepackage {color}\usepackage {graphicx}
\begin{document}
\end{document}
Define the types of the document (article, book, thesis …)
Preamble. Incorporate packages or define macros here
Main body, stuff to be printed, title, authors, abstract, sections, references, ….
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Title/Author Information and Document Structure
\begin{document}
\title {A Very Simple Introduction to LaTeX}
\author {names}
\thanks{AMS UCSC}…
\maketitle
…
\section{Introduction}
\subsection{Subsection Heading Here}
\end{document}
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Example.tex
Writing a document in Latex
(1) latex Example.tex Example.dvi (2) dvips Example.dvi Example.ps (3) ps2pdf Example.ps Example.pdf
Section and Subsection
% This is an example.tex
\documentclass [12pt]{article}\begin {document}\title {This is an example}\author {James Bond}\maketitle
\section {Introduction}\subsection {Experiment}
\end {document}
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Example.texWriting a document in Latex
Equations\documentclass [12pt]{article}\begin {document}\title {This is an example}\author {James Bond}\maketitle\section {Introduction}\begin {equation}g_{ \gamma_{n}}(t) =\frac{1}{ \sqrt{s_{n}}}\;g(\frac{t-p_{n}}{s_{n}})\,\exp\left\{j(2\pi f_{n}t+\phi_{n})\right\},\label {eq1}\end {equation}\end {document}
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Example.texWriting a document in Latex
Equations\documentclass [12pt]{article}\begin {document}\title {This is an example}\author {James Bond}\maketitle\section {Introduction}\begin {equation}g_{ \gamma_{n}}(t) =\frac{1}{ \sqrt{s_{n}}}\;g(\frac{t-p_{n}}{s_{n}})\,\exp\left\{j(2\pi f_{n}t+\phi_{n})\right\},\label {eq1}\end {equation}\end {document}
S_n - subscriptS^n - superscript
Math commands
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Matrices \begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix}
\begin{Vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Vmatrix}
\begin{bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{bmatrix}
\documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath}\begin{document} \[ A = \begin{matrix}\begin{pmatrix}x &
y\end{pmatrix}\\\mbox{}\end{matrix} \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \end{pmatrix} \]
\end{document}
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Matrices
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% This is an example.tex
\documentclass [12pt]{article}\usepackage {epsfig, graphicx}\begin {document}
\begin {figure}\epsfxsize =4.5in\centerline {\epsffile{platypus.eps}}\caption {Sample Figure.}\label {fig1}\end {figure}
\end {document}
Example.tex
Writing a document in Latex
(1) latex Example.tex Example.dvi (2) dvips Example.dvi Example.ps (3) ps2pdf Example.ps Example.pdf
Figures
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% This is an example.tex
\documentclass [12pt]{article}\usepackage {epsfig, graphicx}\begin {documen}
\begin {table}\centering\begin {tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
Method &Groups & Normal & Abnormal & Total \\ \hline
LR & Normal & 40 & 11 & 51\\& Abnormal & 17 & 22 & 39 \\\hline
\% & Normal & \bf{78.4} & 21.6 & 100 \\& Abnormal & 43.6 & \bf {56.4} & 100 \\\hline
\end {tabular} \caption {Sample Table}\label {tab1}
\end {table}\end {document}
Example.texWriting a document in Latex
Table
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\usepackage[margin=3cm]{geometry} \usepackage{array} \usepackage[table]{xcolor}
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% This is an example.tex\documentclass [12pt]{article}
\begin {document}\section {Introduction}\label {intro}
This is section on Introduction.
\subsection {experiment}\label {exp}
This is an example subsection.Please refer Section.\ref {intro} for introduction. Refer Section \ref {exp}
\end {document}
Example.tex
Writing a document in Latex
Very easy to manage all the references in long documents
References within a document
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% This is an example.tex\documentclass [12pt]{article}\bibliographystyle {IEEEtran}\begin {document}\section {Introduction}\label {intro}
This is section on Introduction.
\subsection {experiment}\label {exp}
This is an example subsection. Thiswork is based on the MP algorithm \cite {mallat2}
\bibliography {bibfile}\end {document}
Example.tex
Writing a document in Latex
Order and numbering of the references are automatic.
Citing other works
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Example Document From IEEE
Suppose you want to write a paper for IEEE journals
•Download LaTeX template from IEEE website
http://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html
•Open example LaTeX file (bare_jrnl.tex) and modify it
•No need to worry about things like margin, font, …
bare_jrnl.tex click to open it in TeXShop
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Standard Environments
\begin{env_name}stuff
\end{enc_name}
\begin{itemize}\item The first item\item The second item
\end{itemize}
\begin{enumerate}\item The first item\item The second item
\end{enumerate}
Environment name (env_name) can bedocument, itemize, enumerate, tabular, etc.
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How to Input Math Formulas
• Use \( … \) for in-line and \[ … \] for displaying math formulas
• Spaces inside \( … \) and $ … $ are ignored. If needed, use “\ ” to add space
• Use \mbox{…} for words inside math formulas
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Figures
\begin{figure}\centering\includegraphics {name of the figure file}\caption{Put the caption here}
\end{figure}
You can insert figures in pdf, jpg, eps, and other formats into your document.
Multiple figures can be inserted using \subfigure
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Cross Referencing
LaTeX generates numbers for Theorem, Equation, Section, Figure and other environments automatically. You can access them with \label and \ref
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
….
In Section \ref{sec:intro}
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Reference and Citation
In the article style, this reference list is labeled "References"; in the report style, it is labeled "Bibliography".
\begin{thebibliography} {widest-label}
\bibitem[label]{cite_key} . . .
\end{thebibliography}
widest-label: Text that, when printed, is approximately as wide as the widest item label produces by the \bibitem commands.
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Reference and Citation
If you know you have between 10 and 99 publications, you can start with \begin{thebibliography}[99]. Use any two digit number in the argument, since all numerals are the same width.
If you are using customized labels, put the longest label in argument, i.e., type \begin{thebibliography}[Longest-name]
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Reference and Citation
One can also use bibTeX package to generate reference listhttp://www.hep.manchester.ac.uk/u/jenny/jcwdocs/latex/bibtexbasics.html
• cite_key is used to cite publication inside the document.
• To cite a publication from the reference list, use the \cite command.
• The argument to \cite may be one key, or two or more keys, separated by commas.
\begin{thebibliography} {widest-label}
\bibitem[label]{cite_key} . . .
\end{thebibliography}
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Acknowledgements Coronel University Library, Document Creation Tutorial
TeXWorks and TeXTonic
Leslie Lamport
Introduction to LaTeX : Dept. of Applied Math & StatisticsSchool of EngineeringUniversity of California
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Thank You!