![Page 1: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Design of BNL Extended EBIS Vacuum System and Development of Compact Linear ZAO NEG Pumping Module
S. Kondrashev, E. Beebe, B. Coe, J. Ritter, T. Rodowicz,
R. Schoepfer, L. Smart, S. Trabocchi
October 2, 2020
![Page 2: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
➢Design of BNL Extended EBIS vacuum system
➢Development of compact linear ZAO NEGpumping module
➢Development and implementation of in-situ method of pumping speed measurements
➢Design of ZAO NEG linear pumping system
➢Summary
![Page 3: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Extended EBIS Upgrade
• Increase the intensity of the Au32+ ion beams by 40%–50% to 2.1 ⋅ 109 Au32+
ions/pulse at the booster ring entrance
• Generation of intense beams of polarized 3He2+ ions with up to ∼ 5 ⋅ 1011
ions/pulse for the RHIC and the future electron–ion collider.
![Page 4: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Extended EBIS Setup
![Page 5: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Approach to Extended EBIS Vacuum System Design
Approach is based on common principles of UHV system design and
previous experience with Test EBIS and RHIC EBIS:
• High temperature bake (1000 ⁰C for 1 hour) of all stainless-steel parts
to drive hydrogen out of bulk material
• In-situ bake out of whole vacuum system (at least 250 ⁰C for 24 hours)
• Differential pumping between ion trap and high outgassing areas – e-
gun, collector and gas injection unit
• Backing turbo molecular pumps (TMPs) by other TMP
• Using only UHV compatible materials
• No trapped volumes
• Using new ZAO NEG modules in ion trap area and in other locations
• Using WS2 plating of all screws instead of silver-plated screws
![Page 6: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Schematics of Extended EBIS Vacuum System
T1 backed by TP1
T2 backed by TP2
T3, T4, T5 and T7
backed by TP3
T6 and T8 backed by
scroll pumps
Combination of turbo pump and ZAO NEG cartridge everywhere
Only one cryo pump
![Page 7: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Differential Pumping – E-gun Side
Differential pumping baffle
![Page 8: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Differential Pumping – Gas Injection Section
![Page 9: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Differential Pumping – Collector Side
Top view Side view
![Page 10: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
New ZAO Getter Alloy
• ZAO (Zr-V-Ti-Al) getter became commercially available from SAES Getters in the form of sintered discs about 4 years ago
• According to SAES Getters (Enrico Maccallini’spresentation, June 2017, BNL) ZAO demonstrated:
➢Larger sorption capacity for all active gases
➢Higher pumping speed
➢Ability to withstand more reactivation cycles
➢Discs are more robust (higher embrittlement limit)
➢Generate much less micro particles
![Page 11: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Single ZAO NEG Module Activation
![Page 12: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Pumping Speed Measurement Setup
Electromagnetic pulse valve
![Page 13: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
RGA (SRS RGA200) – Pumping Speed Measurements
![Page 14: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
RGA – NEG+TMP vs NEG Only (Hydrogen)
![Page 15: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What Is NEG Pumping Speed at Cartridge Location?
![Page 16: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Can One See if NEG is Saturated Using RGA?
H2
![Page 17: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Pumping Speed – RGA vs Cold Cathode Gauge
Pumping of nitrogen by TMP (NEG was not activated)
RGA - STMP ≈ 150 l/s
Gauge - STMP ≈ 170 l/s
𝑃(𝑡) = 𝑃(𝑡 = 0) ∙ 𝑒−𝑉𝑆 ∙𝑡
P(t) – pressure vs time at RGA location,
S – pumping speed at RGA location,
V – volume of vacuum chamber
TMP specified pumping speed
for N2 – 250 l/s (pump CF port)
Pumping speed in the chamber
taking into account conductance
- 160 l/s
Good agreement with both RGA
and CC gauge measured values.
![Page 18: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Design of ZAO NEG Linear Pumping System
ZAO NEG linear pumping system will be placed under tray supporting drift tubes
Tray supporting drift tubesHeat shield
ZAO NEG linear pumping system
![Page 19: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Pumping System Assembly
![Page 20: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
NEG Activation Test (3 Modules)
• Two step activation process
(recommended by SAES Getters):
1-st step – pre-heating to 300 ºC
for 30 minutes
2-d step – heat to 550 ºC for 1 hour
• Above 550 ºC over whole pump length
(570-620 ºC thermocouples readings)
for 1 hour and 15 minutes
• Heating power – 1085 W (70 A/15.5 V)
![Page 21: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Partial Pressures during NEG Pre-heating to 300 °C
H2O
![Page 22: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Partial Pressures during NEG Activation
Temperatures in the end of activation cycle:
NEG – 540-630 °C, Heat shield – 435 °C, Drift tube tray – 290 °C
![Page 23: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
RGA Spectra Before and After NEG Activation
Pumping speed measured for hydrogen after NEG activation:
• Only NEG linear pumping system (3 modules) – 644 ± 19 l/s
• Both NEG pumping system and TMP - 815 ± 25 l/s
![Page 24: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Dependence of Pumping Speed on NEG Temperature
![Page 25: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Linear ZAO NEG Module for Ion Trap within First Solenoid
![Page 26: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Summary
• Advanced vacuum system has been designed for BNL Extended EBIS upgrade
• Key elements of vacuum system are different ZAO NEG pumping modules
• ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness
• In-situ method of pumping speed measurements has been developed and applied to ZAO NEG modules characterization
• Both RGA and ion gauge can be used for pumping speed measurements
• Developed method can be used to monitor in-situ NEG conditions in EBIS or any other UHV device
• Linear pumping system based on 2 and 3 ZAO NEG modules has been designed, build, tested and will be used for Extended EBIS Upgrade project
![Page 27: Measurements of ZAO NEG Pumping Speed€¦ · •ZAO NEG modules are very attractive for EBIS applications due to large sorption capacity, high pumping speed and transverse compactness](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061003/60b187235cd8824aa9103374/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Acknowledgment
Thanks to:
Daniel McCafferty (retired) for excellent technical support
Anatoli Zelenski and Grigor Atoian for providing pulse gas valve