Download - Merox Sweetening
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By: Dhaval Prajapati10BPE078
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MEROX: Mercaptan Oxidation.
MEROX unit reduces LPG sulfur content to meet customers product specifications.
MEROX IntroductionMEROX Introduction
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What does MEROX process consist of?
MEROX IntroductionMEROX Introduction
Mercaptan Sulfur Extraction SectionUtilization of caustic solution to extract mercaptans sulfur from LPG products as they are converted to mercaptides.
Caustic Regeneration SectionUtilization of catalyst and air to regenerate caustic solution as the mercaptides are converted furthermore to insoluble disulfides.
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• The Merox process requires an alkaline environment which, in some of the process versions, is provided by an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong base, commonly referred to as caustic.
• In other versions of the process, the alkalinity is provided by ammonia, which is a weak base.
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• The catalyst in some versions of the process is a water-soluble liquid. In other versions, the catalyst is impregnated onto charcoal granules.
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The most common mercaptans removed are:
• Methanethiol - CH3SH [m-mercaptan]
• Ethanethiol - C2H5SH [e- mercaptan]
• 1-Propanethiol - C3H7SH [n-P mercaptan]
• 2-Propanethiol - CH3CH(SH)CH3 [2C3 mercaptan]
• Butanethiol - C4H9SH [n-butyl mercaptan]
• tert-Butyl mercaptan - C(CH3)3SH [t-butyl mercaptan]
• Pentanethiol - C5H11SH [pentyl mercaptan]
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Blockage of Merox unit equipment due to salt formation
Mr. LPGH2S
SulfurSulfur Extraction Extraction
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Prewash Drum
Extractor
Regenerated Caustic
Contaminated Caustic
Treated Product
San
d F
ilter
Caustic Settler
LPG
SulfurSulfur Extraction Extraction
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NaOH(Caustic)
SulfurSulfur Extraction Extraction
H2S + 2NaOH Na2S + 2H2O
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Legend
Mercaptans
NaOH Solution
Hydrocarbon
SulfurSulfur Extraction Extraction
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RSH + NaOH NaSR + H2O
NaSR(Mercaptide)
SulfurSulfur Extraction Extraction
RSH(Mercaptans)
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O
X
I
D
I
Z
E
R
Process AirContaminated Air
Contaminated Caustic
Disulfide Oil
CausticHeater
Regenerated Caustic
To atmosphere
60 PSIG Steam
To Crude
Caustic RegenerationCaustic Regeneration
Disulfide Separator
VentTank
Catalyst Add. Pot
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CatalystO2
NaSR+ + ½ H2O ½ RSSR + NaOH
RSSR(Disulfides)
Caustic RegenerationCaustic Regeneration
NaSR(Mercaptides)
Merox Catalyst
41
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References
• [1] Treating Technology Solutions (http:/ / www. uop. com/ refining/ 1110. html)
• [2] Merox Process for Mercaptan Extraction (http:/ / www. uop. com/ objects/ 3 Extract Merox Mercap. pdf)
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Mr. LPG