ESCRT-independentpathway
Earlyendosome
Endosome
MVB
ESCRT-dependentpathway
Tetraspanin
Exosome
Membranesurface marker
Endosome membrane
Golgiapparatus
MESENCHYMALSTROMAL CELL
Endocytosis
Exosomes
1. Membrane proteins accumulate intomicrodomains on late endosomes orat PM domains, then cluster via theESCRT-0/ESCRT-I orceramide/tetraspanin pathways.
2. Exosome cargo issequestered from thecytoplasm to theendosome surface.
3. Inward budding of the endosomal membrane isdirected by either ESCRT-II/ESCRT-III binding or
4
MVBs are delivered to the plasma membrane and dock
and SNARE proteins.
5
The MVB fuses with the plasma membrane, releasing the exosomes into the extracellular space.
Membrane proteins and export-tagged molecules cluster at microdomain sites.
1
2+ dependent enzymes) triggers a physical restructuring of the PM to promote outward bud
release via shedding.
2
Microvesicle
ESCRT-I
ESCRT-II
Ub UbESCRT-0
ESCRT-I
Ub
RNA
Proteins ESCRT-III
1 2 3
Ceramide
ESCRT-IUb Ub
ESCRT-0
ESCRT-I
Ub
Exosomes bind to surface receptors on the PM of the recipient cell.
1
Exosomes release their contents via direct membrane fusion or
and subsequent fusion with endosomal membranes.
2
RECIPIENT CELL
Document # 10000005955 Version 00 | For Internal Use Only Material # 27162
Gorgun, C. et al.
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MesenCult™-ACF Plus Culture Kit
proteins CD9, CD63 or CD81, or pan-tetraspanin expression.
Visit
.
References
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mRNA:
miRNA:
Cytokines:
11,12
13
• miR-146a:
14
• miR-223:
15
• miR-147:
16et al.
Biogenesis, Release, and Uptake of Extracellular Vesicles
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell- erived Exosomes: Biogenesis and CargoesM
1
8–10
9,10 are
recipient cells.
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