8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 1/44
Factors Impacting Student Success in Grades 6-8
During School of Choice Transition at Two Middle
Schools
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 2/44
PRAIRIE VIEW A&M UNIVERSITY
THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
FACTORS IMPACTING STUDENT SUCCESS IN GRADES 6-8 DURING
SCHOOL OF CHOICE TRANSITION AT TWO MIDDLE SCHOOLS
MICHELLE ANNETTE CLOUD
Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
Dr. David Herrington
Dr. Wanda Johnson
Dr. Lucian Yates, III
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
October 2008
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 3/44
Agenda
Part I, The Problem
1. Introduction
2. Statement of the problem
3. Purpose of the study
4. Significance of the study
5. Research questions
Part II, Literature Review
1. Conceptual framework
2. Existing studies
Part III, Methodology
1. Research design
2. Subjects of the study
3. Data analysis method
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 4/44
The Problem
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 5/44
Introduction
Educating the 21st Century student often entails
numerous and somewhat overwhelming challenges. Anever-increasing number of students enter school with
deficits stemming from socio-economic to socio-
linguistic barriers. At far too many campuses,
resources, parental support, and community support arelimited.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 6/44
Background of the Problem
One component of the No Child Left Behind Act
(NCLBA) is adequate yearly progress, or AYP. Any
Title I school designated in need of improvement (basedon AYP rating) must offer all students attending that
school the opportunity to attend a school in the district
that has successfully met its AYP goals (Texas
Education Agency, 2008).
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 7/44
Statement of the Problem
In response to the NCLBA (No Child Left Behind) Act
of 2001, administrators, counselors, teachers, studentsand parents are now strongly considering the benefits
and disadvantages of transferring students to a selected
school of choice.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 8/44
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is three-fold:
(1) The study will assess the academic impact on transfer
students.
(2) The study will assess the social impact on transfer
students.
(3) The study will explore the perception of counselors onthe academic and social impact of transfer students.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 9/44
Significance of the Study
The significance of the study is to ensure thatchildren across the country receive the
maximum benefit from the legislation prescribed
in the NCLBA.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 10/44
Research Questions to be Investigated
Quantitative research questions to be answered are as
follows:
1. What are the differences in the 2005/2006 Mathematicsand Reading Texas Assessment of Knowledge and
Skills scores and 2006/2007 Mathematics and Reading
Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills scores
between transfer and non-transfer students in
grades 6-8?
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 11/44
Research Questions to be Investigated
Quantitative research questions to be answered are as
follows:
2. What are the differences in the Mathematics andLanguage Arts grade point average (G.P.A.) between
transfer and non-transfer students in grades 6-8?
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 12/44
Research Questions to be Investigated
Quantitative research questions to be answered are as
follows:
3. What are the differences in the attendance rate betweentransfer and non-transfer students in grades 6-8?
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 13/44
Null Hypotheses
The following null hypotheses were developed from the preceding
quantitative research questions:
H01: There is no statistically significant difference between the 2005/2006
Mathematics and Reading Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills scores
and the 2006/2007 Mathematics and Reading Texas Assessment of
Knowledge and Skills scores of transfer students and non-transfer students in
grades 6-8.
H02: There is no statistically significant difference in Mathematics and Language
Arts grade point average (G.P.A.) of transfer and non-transfer students in
grades 6-8.
H03: There is no statistically significant difference in the attendance rate of transfer
and non-transfer students in grades 6-8.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 14/44
Qualitative Research Questions
Qualitative research questions to be answered are
as follows:
4. What behaviors/habits do counselors observe
from transfer students in grades 6-8?
5. Which factors in the school of choice schools do
counselors perceive are the most helpful in
assisting transfer students in grades 6-8?
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 15/44
Literature Review
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 16/44
Diagrammatic format of the
Conceptual Framework
Factors Impa cting Stude Success During “Scho ol
Choice” Transition
Students oftenlearn a greatdeal
simply byobservingother peopl
Describingthe consequ encesof
behavior is can effectively increa
the appropriate behaviors and
decrease inappropriate ones
Modeling provides analternative
to sha pingfor teac hing ne w
behaviors
Teachers should help students
realistic expectationsfor their
academic accom lishments
Students must believethat they
are capableof accom plishing
school tasks
Teachers and parents mustmodelappropriate behaviorsand take
care that they do not model
inappropriate behaviors
Self-regulation techniques
provide aneffectivemethod for
imp rovin gstud ent behavior
Teachers shouldexposestudents
to a varietyof other models
A graph format of Omrod’s (1999) findings developed from Albert Bandura’s
Social Learning Theory
Describing the consequences of
behavior can effectively increase
appropriate behaviors and
decrease inappropriate ones
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 17/44
Existing Studies
•A comprehensive set of information regarding school choice has
been provided in The National Household Education Surveys
Program (NHES) (Bielick & Chapman, 2003).
•The NHES data indicated that the proportionate number of
students enrolled in specifically assigned public schools decreased
between 1993 and 2003 due to more students enrolling in chosen
public schools.
•The study further indicated that the proportionate number of students enrolled in private schools remained stable between 1993
and 2003 (Bielick & Chapman).
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 18/44
Existing Studies
•The United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) conducted a study
in December of 2004 to provide Congress with a report reviewing the first 2
years of implementation of the NCLBA school choice.
•The United States GAO considered the following factors:
(1) the number of Title I schools and students that have been affected
nationally,
(2) the experiences of selected school districts in implementing choice,(3) the guidance and technical assistance that education provided (p.
1).
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 19/44
Existing Studies
•The GAO found “(a)bout 1 in 10 of the nation’s 50,000 Title I
schools were identified for school choice in each of the first 2 years
since enactment of the No Child Left Behind Act . . .” (UnitedStates Government Accountability Office, 2004, p.1).
•“The proportion of schools identified for choice varied by state”
and “(a)bout 1 percent of eligible children, or 31,000 students,
transferred in school year 2003-2004” (GAO, p. 1).
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 20/44
Existing Studies
•Eight hundred families were surveyed by Researchers at the Center
on Reinventing Public Education.
•The families had earnings less than $50,000 a year and werelocated in three cities, Denver, Milwaukee, and Washington, with
recent or established school choice programs (Viadero, 2007).
•Parents in lower socioeconomic categories complete the process for
selected campuses in an altogether different manner than parents in
higher income brackets even though both groups of parents report
equal satisfaction with the process (Viadero, 2007).
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 21/44
Existing Studies
•45% Quality of the academic program
•19% Curriculum
•11% Location of the school
• The study concluded that most families expressed satisfactionwith their choice and satisfaction increased when students were an
integral part of making the decision (Viadero, 2007).
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 22/44
Description of research methods
Research Methods:
Mixed Methods Study
Quantitative Data
Descriptive Statistics
Causal-Comparative
Qualitative DataInterviews
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 23/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Quantitative Data
For the quantitative portion of the study, the researcher
will use the following data:
•2005/2006 and 2006/2007 Mathematics and Reading
Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS)
scores•Mathematics and Language Arts grade point averages•Attendance rates
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 24/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Research Design
•Independent variable•School Choice
•transfer •non-transfer students
• Dependent variables•Mathematics and Reading TAKS scores•Mathematics and Language Arts grade point averages
•Attendance rates
•Descriptive statistics will include the following information about the sample
population: gender, grade level, ethnicity, socio-economic status, educational
placement (special education, regular education, gifted and talented, English
Language Learners), at-risk status and chronological age.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 25/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Research Design
•Descriptive Statistics for the following variables:
•gender •grade level•race•socio-economic status•
educational placement (special education, regular education,gifted and talented, English Language Learners)•at-risk status•chronological age
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 26/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
T-tests for independent means will be calculated to determine if
differences exists with:
(1)the Mathematics and Reading TAKS scores between transfer
and non-transfer students in grades 6-8
(2) the Mathematics and Language Arts grade point average
(G.P.A.) between transfer and non-transfer students in
grades 6-8
(3) the attendance rate between transfer and non-transfer students
in grades 6-8
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 27/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Population and Sample
•6th – 8th grade students from one large school district in Texas
•
Criterion Sampling – Transfer students•School A = 153 transfer students•School B = 156 transfer students.•Total number of transfer students = 309
•Stratified random sampling – Non-transfer students•The number of non-transfer students will equal to the number of cases of
transfer students and will be similar in certain demographics
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 28/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Instrumentation
Extant data from the 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 Mathematics and
Reading TAKS Test will be used to determine if differences exists
between the 2005/2006 Mathematics and Reading TAKS scores and
the 2006/2007 Mathematics and Reading TAKS scores of transfer
students and non-transfer students in grades 6-8.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 29/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Research Procedures
•A database of all transfer students will be obtained through school
records and developed using Excel. A database of students who
elected to remain at their home campus using school records will
also be created, the non-transfer students. The database will also
contain the Mathematics and Reading Texas Assessment of
Knowledge and Skills scores, Mathematics and Language Arts
G.P.A. and attendance rates of transfer and non-transfer students.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 30/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Research Procedures
•The researcher will develop two groups: transfer students and non-
transfer students.
•Each student will receive a code to protect his or her anonymity.
•Once the spreadsheets have been developed using Excel software,
the data will be imported to SPSS 13.0 to complete descriptivestatistics and t-tests for independent means.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 31/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Data Analysis
•Descriptive statistics will include demographic information about
the transfer and non-transfer students.
•Descriptive statistics will be analyzed and frequencies and
percentages will be presented in table format.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 32/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Data Analysis
•T-tests for independent means will be used to
compare means to answer the research questionsfor the quantitative portion of the study.•Apply the standard alpha level: 0.05.•
The rejection rule will be applied.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 33/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Qualitative
The qualitative data will consist of responses from participants. Counselors will be interviewed and asked
questions that correlate with the theoretical framework,
which is taken from Albert Bandura’s Social Learning
Theory.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 34/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Research Design
•For the qualitative portion of the study, the independent variables
will be the transfer students.
• The dependent variables will be the counselors’ perception.• Demographic information from school counselors from two
schools, School A and School B, will be collected using
structured interviews.•
Counselor participants will be interviewed using structured andsemistructured interviews during telephone survey or personal
sessions.•Each counselor participant will be asked feeling and sensory
questions.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 35/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Instrumentation
Extant data from the 2005/2006 and 2006/2007
Mathematics and Reading Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills Test will be used to determine if
differences exists between the 2005/2006 Mathematics
and Reading Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills
scores and the 2006/2007 Mathematics and ReadingTexas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills scores of
transfer students and non-transfer students in grades 6-8.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 36/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Pilot Study
•
The researcher will pilot the structured andsemistructured interview questions to determine if the
interview questions are clearly worded with a panel of
experts.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 37/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Population and Sample
•Counselors that had the opportunity to observe and
interact directly with transfer students.
•This sample population is a criterion case and will consist
of six participants. Each participant must be a certified
counselor.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 38/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Instrumentation
•Interview questions will be structured and
semistructured.
•The panel of experts will consist of counselors that
have been confirmed and certified according to the
standards established by the Texas State Board of Education for Certification.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 39/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Research Procedures•Eligible counselor participants will be called to schedule an
appointment.•After confirmation of the appointment, the researcher will
conduct a face-to face or telephone survey with counselor participant.•Upon completion of the interview session, counselor participants
will be mailed a thank you letter for their willingness to participate
in the study.•Each returned consent form would be assigned an identification
number to be used in a coding system for management of data
collection.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 40/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Data Collection and Recording
•Structured demographic questions will be asked of each counselor
participant who agreed to take part in the research.
•The demographic questions will address the following: gender,
age, education level, and years of experience in education and total
years of counseling experience.
•Semistructured interview questions
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 41/44
Description of research methods
(continued)
Data Analysis
•Qualitative data will be coded according to related themes and
analyzed for recurring and emergent themes correlating with thetheoretical framework.
•Emergent category designation, cross-case analysis, peer
debriefing and triangulation will be used to support the statisticaldata gathered from the quantitative portion of the study.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 42/44
References
Bandura, A. (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning.
Educational Psychologist, 28, 117-148.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bielick, S, & Chapman, C. (2003). Trends in the use of school choice: 1993-1999 (NCES
2003-031). U.S. Department of Education. Washington, DC: National Center for Education
Statistics.
Fraenkel, J., & Wallen, N. (2006). How to design and evaluate research in
education. 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hill.
Isaac, S. & Michael, W. (1997). Handbook in Research and Evaluation
for Education and the Behavioral Sciences (3rd ed.) San Diego, CA:
EdiTs/Educational and Industrial Testing Services.
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 43/44
References
Ormrod, J. E. (1999). Human learning (3rd ed) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Public Agenda, 1999).
Schneider, M., Teske, P., Marschall, M., Mintrom, M., & Roch, C. (1997). Institutional
Arrangements and the Creation of Social Capital: The Effects of Public School Choice. The
American Political Science Review, 91(1), 82-93.
Sirkin, R. (2006). Statistics for the social sciences. 3rd ed. Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. 45
Texas Education Agency (2008). Retrieved June 14, 2008, from
http://www.tea.state.tx.us/data.html
United States Government Accountability Office. (2004). No child left behind act:
Education needs to provide additional technical assistance and conduct
Implementation studies for school choice provision. (Highlights of GAO-05-7, a report to the
Secretary of Education).
8/14/2019 Michelle Cloud, PhD Proposal Defense, Dissertation Chair, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/michelle-cloud-phd-proposal-defense-dissertation-chair-dr-william-allan 44/44
References
Viadero, D. (2007, January). Researchers Examine School Choice Picks. Education
Week, 26 (19), 9. Retrieved July 21, 2008, from Research Library database. (Document
ID: 1197232011).