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Microformats
Nishikant P TaksandeSchool of Electronics and Computer Science
University of Southampton
For Institute of Engineering and Technology (IET), at Present Around The World (PATW) competition, Southampton, UK
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ContentsBackgroundIntroductionWhy Microformats?TypesImplementationMicroformats-aware applicationsConclusionsEvolution
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Background
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Introduction
“Designed for human first and machine second, microformats are a set of simple, open data format build upon existing and widely adopted standards.” -Microformats.org
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Introduction…
Microformats adds semantics to web pagesSmart contentMeaningful markup
http://www.flickr.com/photos/veerles-blog/172851392/
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Why Microformats ?
Separate file format for machine-readable information, however powerful, may not succeed simply because it uses another file [3]
Utilizing established standards to add semantics is the preferred way
Writers with some knowledge of HTML can add semantic information to web page like calendar events (hCalendar) and contact information (hCard).
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Evolution
vCalendar
RDFCalendar
hCalendar
vCalendar
BEGIN: VCALENDERBEGIN: VEVENTSUMMARY: Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of WatsonDTSTART: 20111201T170000ZLOCATION: Turner simsDTEND: 20111201T190000ZDESCRIPTION: How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show.END: VEVENTEND: VCALENDAR
RDFCalendar
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf='http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#'> <Vcalendar> <prodid>-//kanzaki.com//RDFCal 1.0//EN</prodid> <version>2.0</version> <method>PUBLISH</method> <component> <Vevent> <dtstart rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dateTime>2011-12-01T17:00:00</dateTime> <tzid>Asia/Tokyo</tzid> </dtstart> <dtend rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dateTime>2011-12-01T19:00:00</dateTime> <tzid>Asia/Tokyo</tzid> </dtend> <summary>Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of Watson</summary> <description>How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show.</description> <dtstamp>20111130T104917Z</dtstamp> <uid>[email protected]</uid> </Vevent> </component> <component> <Vtimezone> <tzid>Asia/Tokyo</tzid> <standard rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dtstart rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dateTime>1970-01-01T00:00:00</dateTime> </dtstart> <tzoffsetfrom>+0900</tzoffsetfrom> <tzoffsetto>+0900</tzoffsetto> <tzname>JST</tzname> </standard> </Vtimezone> </component> </Vcalendar></rdf:RDF>
<a href=”/egFile.vcs”><b>Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of Watson</b><p> How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show</p><small>December 1st, 2011, 5-7PM in the<i>Turner sims</i></small></a> hCalendar
<div class=”vcalendar vevent”><span class=”summary”> Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of Watson </span><p class=”decription”> How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show.</p><abbr class=”dtstart” title=”20111201T170000Z”> December 1st, 2011, 5-</abbr> <abbr class=”dtend” title=”20111201T190000Z”>7PM</abbr> in the <span class=”location”>Turner sims</span></div>
<div class=”vcalendar vevent”><span class=”summary”> Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of Watson </span><p class=”decription”> How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show.</p><abbr class=”dtstart” title=”20111201T170000Z”> December 1st, 2011, 5-</abbr> <abbr class=”dtend” title=”20111201T190000Z”>7PM</abbr> in the <span class=”location”>Turner sims</span></div>
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TypesMicroformats
rel-licenseXFNrel-nofollowVoteLinks
Elemental Microformats
Compound Microformats
hCardhCalendarhReviewxFolk
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hReview
http://allrecipes.co.uk/recipe/6245/chicken-chicken-curry.aspx
<div class="hreview"><span class="item"> <a class="url fn"
href="http://www.example.com><a>Title</a></span> <div
class="description"><p> Some description
</p></div> (<abbr class="rating" title="5">*****</abbr>) <p
class="reviewer vcard">Review by <a class="url fn"
href="http://website.com/blog/">Name</a>, <abbr class="dtreviewed"
title="2012-02">February 2012</abbr> </p> </div>
Stru
ctur
e un
ders
tand
able
by
hum
ans
Stru
ctur
e un
ders
tand
able
by
mac
hine
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Implementation
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Microformats-aware applications
Operator plug-in for Firefox
Oomph plug-in for IE
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Conclusions
Microformats are not new language
Microformats use HTML and XHTML power to create machine readable information in simpler way
Clever use of css class which serves the purpose of styling and providing semantic information at one place
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References
[1] K. Stolley, "Using Microformats: Gateway to the Semantic Web," IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, vol.52, no.3, pp.291-302, Sept. 2009.
[2] R. Khare, "Microformats: The next (small) thing on the semantic web?", IEEE Internet Comput., vol. 10, p.68 , 2006.
[3] R. Khare and T. C elik. Microformats: a pragmatic path to the semantic web (Poster). Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web, pages 865-866, 2006.
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Questions
Microformats
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Thank You
Microformats