Download - Midterm Review U.S. History & Gov’t
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MIDTERM REVIEW
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Early Colonial Settlement
O Early forms of representative democracy
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Declaration of Independence
O Thomas JeffersonO John LockeO Natural rightsO People by the peopleO People should change or abolish the
governmentO Common Sense
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Weakness of A. of C.O Weak central gov’tO States had more powerO No presidentO Each state made their own moneyO 9/13 to pass any lawO All 13 to change the Articles
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Great Compromise O Representation base on populationO Equal representationO Bicameral
O House of Reps – based on populationO Senate – Equal representation (2 per
state)
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3/5 CompromiseO Slaves to count for representationO Slaves not countedO Slaves will count for
O Taxation O Representation
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RatificationO 9 out of 13
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FederalismO Division of power between the state
and federal governmentO Delegated – federal gov’t powersO Reserved – State gov’t powersO Concurrent – Powers they share
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Legislative BranchO Makes O House of Representatives & SenateO Impeach the PresidentO Declare WarO Controls gov’t spending
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Executive BranchO Enforces/carries outO Commander in ChiefO Chief of gov’tO Pardons peopleO Gives State of Union addressO Makes treatiesO Appoints judges, etc
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Electoral CollegeO Formal election of the PresidentO Can win popular vote and lose
electionO Candidates campaign in populated
states
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Judicial BranchO Determining if a law is constitutional
or notO Marbury v. MadisonO LifeO So they are free from political
pressure
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Checks & BalancesO So one branch doesn’t get too much
powerO VetoO ImpeachO Override vetoO Judicial ReviewO President nominates judges &
ambassadors
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Unwritten ConstitutionO Judicial reviewO Political PartiesO CabinetO LobbyistO Political Action Committees
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FlexibilityO The first 10 AmendmentsO ¾O “Elastic Clause” – Congress can
make laws to meet the needs of a changing society
O Constitution is the supreme law of the land
O McCulloch v. Maryland
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WashingtonO Cabinet, two-term traditionO Political parties would divide countryO Entangling alliances
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Federalists v. Anti-federalists
O FederalistsO Strong federal gov’tO IndustryO For England
O Anti-federalistsO Strong state gov’tO For FranceO Agriculture
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IsolationismO Stay out of foreign affairs
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JeffersonO Louisiana Purchase
O France for 15 millionO New OrleansO Doubled
O Following the Constitution word for word
O Not following the Constitution word for word
O As a strict constructionist, Jefferson should have argued against the purchase; used his treaty making powers
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War of 1812O ImpressmentO Short term rise in nationalismO U.S. survived a major war on their
own
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MonroeO Time of peace and prosperity after
the War of 1812O No new European colonies in the
Western Hemisphere
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JacksonO They got rid of the land requirement
to voteO Giving gov’t jobs to friends, family
and political supporters
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Indian RemovalO Worcester v. Georgia
O Indians won case because they had a treaty with the federal government
O Jackson disregards decision and removes them
O Trail of Tears – forceful removal of Cherokee west of the Mississippi River
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Tariff IssuesO Tariff of Abominations – 40% taxO South hated itO Forces people to buy American
goodsO Protects American businesses
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BankO Got rid of national bankO Put gov’t money into state banks
(pet banks)
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Reforms - AbolitionO Movement to end slavery
O Frederick DouglassO William Lloyd GarrisonO Harriet TubmanO Harriet Beecher Stowe
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Reforms - InventionsO 1st Industrial Revolution
O John DeereO Steamboat, & Steam locomotiveO Canal development
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Reforms - ReligiousO Second Great Awakening
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Reforms - EducationO Horace Mann
O Elimination of one room school houses
O Grade levelsO Teacher training
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Reforms – Mentally IllO Dorothea Dix
O Helped reform prisons and mental institutions
O Educated people about mentally ill
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Manifest DestinyO God given right to expand sea to
shining sea
1. Independent from England2. War in revolutionary war w/England3. Bought from France for $15 million4. Won in war; Treaty of Guadalupe-
Hildalgo5. Bought from Mexico for railroad6. From Spain in Adams – Onis Treaty
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Missouri CompromiseO Missouri enters as a slave stateO Maine enters as a free stateO 36o30’ line is established
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Six Causes of the WarO Compromise of 1850O Kansas – Nebraska Act (Bleeding
Kansas)O Dred Scott CaseO Uncle Tom’s CabinO John Brown’s RaidO Election of Lincoln
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O Election of LincolnO Preserve the UnionO GettysburgO DraftO Habeas corpus