Creating the Living Network
Alain Mourad
Millimeter wave: An excursion in a new radio interface for 5G
Cambridge Wireless, London 03 February 2015
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network
Outline
5G radio interface outlook
Millimeter wave – A new interface
Few Takeaways
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Creating the Living Network
5G: the evolution to the smarter living network
Wave 1 (Voice) Wave 2 (Visual) 5G: The Living Network
glory days of GSM
walled garden worries!
rise of the OTT
a new status quo?
integrated telephony
applications
IMS promises
new services, new business models
the living experience
the video experience
rise of the mobile
internet
Video ++ ● IoE ● Tactile internet ● Mission critical
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Creating the Living Network
5G radio interface: initial requirements & enablers
Global consensus emerging on initial requirements and enabling concepts [ITU-R] …
100 Mbps to 1 Gbps
10 to 50 Gbps
1 to 10 TBps/Km2 1 ms
5 to 15 times 4G
50 to 100 times 4G
User experienced data rate
Peak data rate Area traffic capacity
Latency Spectral efficiency Energy efficiency
Spectrum extension
Small cell densification
Multi-RAT cooperation
Spectrum sharing
Massive multiplexing
Interference coordination
Ultra fast processing
Ultra fast switching
Ultra fast throughput
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Creating the Living Network
5G radio interface: technology trends
Advanced waveforms and multiple access
• More flexible waveforms than pure OFDM (e.g. RBF-OFDM; FBMC; etc.)
• Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)
• Broader set of modulation and coding schemes
Advanced antenna and multi-site technologies
• 3D-beamforming and MU-MIMO
• Active Antenna System (AAS)
• Massive MIMO • Network MIMO
(Adv. CoMP)
Novel duplexing schemes
• Joint TDD-FDD operation
• Dynamic TDD • Single channel full
duplexing
New and flexible spectrum usage
• New large spectrum at mmW frequencies
• Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands
• Dual band split user and control planes
• Joint multi-RATs management
• Cognitive techniques (Spectrum Sensing)
Advanced interference coordination and cancellation techniques
Flexible functional split (virtualization / cloudification)
Flexible backhauling and joint optimization with access
Our focus next
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Creating the Living Network
5G radio interface: a tale of two spectrum
Above 6 GHzBelow 6 GHz
20 – 50GHz
60 – 70GHz
70 – 80GHz
700 – 2300 MHz
2300 – 6000 MHz
· Up to 100 MHz BW· FDD/TDD· Macro cells· Long symbol duration
· Up to 200 MHz BW· FDD/TDD· Macro/small cells· Long symbol duration
· Up to 1 GHz BW· TDD (priority)· Small cells· Short symbol duration
· Up to 2 GHz BW· TDD (priority)· Small cells· Short symbol duration
WRC’15 WRC’19
1200 MHz spectrum(Licensed & Unlicensed; Harmonized)
Up to 5 GHz spectrum(mostly licensed; Not harmonized)
Up to 24 GHz spectrum(mostly unlicensed; Harmonized)
Ne
w
Trad
itio
nal
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Creating the Living Network
5G radio interface: development timeline Today
Millimeter Wave A new radio interface for 5G
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: the bandwidth
• Industry attention for exclusive licensing
• Need to deal with incumbents (e.g. FSS)
• Industry attention on 60 GHz upper part & E-band
• All options on the table for spectrum licensing
• Global harmonization possible
Abundant Millimeter Wave Spectrum can provide fiber-like capacity (multi-Gbps data rates)
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: the range
1 dB/km @70 GHz
Water Vapor
Oxygen
20 dB free space path loss attenuation compared to below < 6 GHz + additional gaseous (Water Vapor / Oxygen) attenuation Inherently short range
Enables X factor of densification
Few Kilometers in outdoor LOS
Few meters in indoor NLOS
Target in 5G 100-200m
outdoor 10-50m
indoor
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: the beam
2-3 degrees beam width array of antennas for wide angular coverage & multiple simultaneous beams/links @low interference Enables high
multiplexing gain
Electronically steerable phased array antennas to enable dynamic (re)configuration for guaranteed link reliability (in particular in mobile scenarios)
Small form factor (thanks to small antenna aperture and short inter-antenna distance) enabling the support of large number of antennas at the TX and RX
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: the capacity
(20 x 10 x 5) = 1000x capacity increase
Wide contiguous bandwidth
X 20 Throughput gain
Short range and narrow beams
X 10 Densification gain
Multiple simultaneous links in the same band
X 5 Multiplexing gain
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: the network
Next G eNB
mmW backhaul
mmW access
Traditional Cellular
Link
Full mmH Architecture
5G Access Wireless Mesh Backhaul MWC 2015
B E
A D
C G
2016 2020 2023
mmW Phase Array Radio and Antenna
Earliest Commercialization Timeline
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: the backhaul
• System-oriented approach to develop future
small cell platform
• Wireless backhaul is an enabler
• Extend to cloud based management, edge
caching and other services
• Low Cost & High Capacity
• Leverage high volume WiGig baseband
• Phased Array steerability reduces installation
cost
• > 1 Gbps over 150m+
• Scalable system for outdoor small cell
deployment
• New sites can be added without having
to re-align antenna pointing at old sites
• 1Gbps per channel links provide ample near
term capacity, with future expansion to all four
2GHz unlicensed channels
High MAC
Lo MAC (incl. data path)
PHY
Phased Array RF
High MAC
Lo MAC (incl. data path)
PHY
Phased Array RF
. . .
MESH LAYER
Mesh Controller
InterDigital has high data rate (>1 Gbps), mesh backhaul solution that provides a self-healing, plug-n-play, low cost solution
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: the access
mB = Millimeter Wave Base station; mBA = mB Aggregator
P-GW
802.11 3GPP
mB
mBA
mB
mB
Internet
mB mB
mBA MME
S1-U S1-U
S-GW
S2a
Trusted WLAN Gateway (TWAG)
eNB
Control
Data
Options for Network Integration
3GPP
•mB underlay integrated with RAN architecture, with no Core Network impact
• Tight interworking at lower-layers between new mmWave RAT and evolved LTE RAN
• Control plane functions provided by eNB and data capacity provided by local mB
•mB joint access and backhaul design
802.11 (Wi-Fi)
• Interfaces with Core Network using standards based WLAN/3GPP interworking
•Mesh extension of existing mmWave MAC/PHY
• Shared mB equipment for backhaul and access
•Multi-band (2.4/5/60 GHz) support for enhanced coverage
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Creating the Living Network
mmWave: ongoing development efforts
Europe
· H2020 5G PPP
· Ongoing FP7 (e.g. MiWaves)
· 5G centers (e.g. Surrey; Dresden)
Asia
· Japan AHG 2020 and beyond
· Korea 5G Forum
· China IMT2020 promotion group
Americas
· Universities (e.g. NYU; Stanford)
· Intel SRA; Qualcomm Inst.
Research International
· WP5D feasibility study above 6 GHz
· WRC’19 agenda setting at WRC’15
FCC (USA)
· Notice of Inquiry for above 24 GHz
OFCOM (UK)
· Call for Inputs for above 6 GHz
Regulation
IEEE 802.11
· NG60 study group
ETSI
· mWT ISG (V & E bands for BH)
3GPP
· Yet to come
Standards
Few Takeaways
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network
© 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Creating the Living Network
•5G radio interface will need to respond to very challenging and diverse requirements, and is therefore expected to include 2 or more complementary technologies (< and > 6 GHz).
•5G mmW spectrum will include more than one band (e.g. LMDS, V, E bands) with both licensed and unlicensed regimes.
•5G mmW technologies will cover both segments of the small cell network, namely the backhaul and access.
•There is still room for lot of innovations in particular for the mobile access and its joint optimization with the backhaul.
Few Takeaways
Come and see our mmW backhaul demo at MWC’15 (stand 7A721)
Creating the Living Network
Alain MOURAD, PhD Wireless Technology Specialist InterDigital Europe, Ltd. 64 Great Eastern Street London, EC2A 3QR +44 7920 798 685 [email protected]
Thank You!