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Mineral Formation
Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Mineral Formation
Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Mineral Formation
• Mineral crystals grow as atoms are added to its surfaces, edges, or corners
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Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Mineral Formation• Growth depends on:
1) What atoms are available in the surrounding area
2) How fast atoms can migrate to the crystal3) Temperature and Pressure conditions of
the surrounding area • Slower cooling allows for bigger crystals• Different minerals crystallize from the same solution at
different temperatures. • Pressure conditions have to be right for mineral
formation
Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Mineral Formation• Minerals can form in
various places1) Precipitation in hot
water-a solid forming in the
water2) From magma cooling3) From evaporation of water QuickTime™ and a
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Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Minerals from Hot Water• Some minerals are made from hot-
water solutions that are rich in dissolved mineral matter
• Example: Sugar will dissolve faster in hot water, but when the water cools, the sugar crystals will form again
Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Minerals from Hot WaterThis is one of the principles
of crystallization: as the temperature of a liquid drops, the amount of solid ingredients it can hold in suspension drops as well.
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Minerals from Hot Water• As the hot water cools,
the atoms slow down and the atoms within can then form bonds
• Minerals will often form around the edges of hot springs where the water is cooler
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Minerals from Hot WaterMinerals also form in cracks of rocks where the
water is cooler from the surrounding rock-Cracks in rock become lined with mineral matterEx: veins can be found within rocks of
concentrated minerals like gold, silver, or copper
Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Minerals from Magma• Magma = molten
rock found within the Earth
• As magma cools the atoms begin to arrange into an orderly structure
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Minerals from Magma• When the temperature
of magma drops below the “solidification temperature” of a specific mineral, the crystals will begin to grow
Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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Minerals from Evaporation• Minerals can form from
water on the Earth’s surface
• When water evaporated from solutions rich in minerals, the minerals are left behind when the water is gone
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Mr. Thompson's Earth Science Class
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