Corn Flour
Different flour types and their impact on tortilla characteristics
Mireya RivasBarcelona Spain, 2017
origin nixtamalization Tortilla industrialization
Nutritional properties
Different Flours
NIXTAMALIZATION ORIGEN WAS IN MESOAMERICA OVER 2000 YEARS AGO ‐ CORN GRAIN START TO STORAGE AFTER THE CROP
Nixtamalization
Nahuátl:
– Nextli: Ash– Tamalli: corn masa cooked
Definition
Is an alcaline thermicalprocess to transform the corngrain in masa to maketortillas and other products
Nixtamalization Process
drying
Cleaning
Cooking180 ºF
1stmilling
1st s
cren
ing
2nd milling
2nd
screning packaging
Lime and Water absorption
Protein matrix modification
Starch gelatinization
Aromatic compounds(2'‐Aminoacetophenone)
Nixtamalization Effects
Carbohydratesavailable* 70‐75 %
Fiber 7‐8 %
Protein 7‐8 %
Oil 4‐5 %
Corn Flour Composition
*The Main carbohydrate is the starch
Corn KernelNutritional Value:
Good Source of Calcium
Good Source of fiber as a Whole Grain
Ca2+
Is rich in Niacin (vitamin B3).
The Zeyne protein can be absorbed easily by thehuman body.
Nutritional Value of Corn Flour
Proteins
6‐10%
In the germand
endosperm
Zeíne
Lipids
4.5%
In the germ
Carotenoides
Vitamins and minerals
A, E, thiamine, priridoxine, niacine
phosforo, potasium, calcium and selenium.
Carbohidrates
75%
starches
MINSA is investing in Innovation:• Research and Innovation Center.• Technical Support
Corn Tortillas Tortilla Chips Extruded Snacks and Breakfastcereal
Bakery
DIFERENTS CORN TORTILLAS AND OTHER
PRODUCTS
Pastas
DIFERENTS CORN FLOUR
Diferent Cooked level= Diferents Yields
Yield
1 lb of corn flour + 1.2 to 1.45 lb of water=2.2 to 2.45 dought = 40 to 41 tortillas (1 oz)
Especifications in corn flour :
Normal made with White corn : 6.0 – 7.0
White made withWhite corn: 5.4 – 6.4
Yellowmade withWhite corn: 8 – 10.5
pH scale = self life differences
Granulometría
Properties of Particle Size Distribution
crunchiness
coarse
resistance
medium
Flexibility
softness
fine
Aditives in Corn Flour
Corn Flour
Enzymes
Hidrocoloides
Preservatives
StarchesFibers
I
TORTILLA
II
SNACKS
Gluten free
Diferentstextures Low fat Low
calories
Goodsour of fiber
High protein
Wholegrain