Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Bureau of Waterworks
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Mitigation of Global Warmingfrom Tokyo Waterworks
- a multi-solution approach
1
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Today’s Topics
1. Outline of Tokyo Waterworks
2. Challenges concerning Energy Use
3. Current Status of Regional Climate Warming
4. Strict Regulations of Recent Years on CO2 Reduction
5. Efforts for CO2 Reduction in Tokyo Waterworks
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Outline of Tokyo WaterworksOutline of Tokyo WaterworksOutline of Tokyo WaterworksOutline of Tokyo Waterworks
World’s Largest Water Utility
●Population served: ca. 12 million
● Pervasion: 100%
● Tot. len. of dist. pipes: ca. 26,000 km
●Ave. dist. amt/day: ca. 4.4 million m3/day
World’s Highest Levelof Water Supply Service
●World’s highest quality water
●Low leakage rate
● Firm financial base
Asaka Water Purification Plant(1.7 million m3/day)
Ozo
ne
injectio
n
3
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Challenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy Use
Our responsibility is to supply safe and fresh water
to Tokyo Residents
On the other hand, we consume 1%
of the total electricity used in Tokyo
About 60% of the total energy consumption (raw watertreatment process/water purification process /distributionprocess) relates to the distribution
Annual elec. use of Tokyo Waterworks (FY 2009): ca. 700million kWh
Annual elec. use of Tokyo (FY 2009) : ca. 82 billion kWh
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
H12 H13 H14 H15 H16 H17 H18 H19 H20
年間
配水
量(千
m3/年
)
CO2排
出量
(t-
CO
2)
年度
事務所 原水 高度及び膜処理設備 浄水(高度・膜処理設備を除く) 配水 配水量(千m3/年)
329,119 325,463 315,684 312,748 322,818 325,489 335,412 320,696 312,950
62% 62% 63% 63% 64% 60% 59% 58% 59%
8% 7%5% 4% 4% 5%
6%7%
2% 2%2% 2% 3% 3%
2%3% 3%
33%
5%
28% 29% 30% 30%30%
32%33%
33%
Challenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseAdv. & membranetreatment equipments
Purification (without adv. &membrane treatmentequipments)
Rawwater
Offices Dist. Dist. amt (km3/year)
An
nu
ald
ist.
amt
(km
3/y
ear)
CO
2em
issi
on
(t–
CO
2)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
FY5
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Challenges of water supply system (water transport with a frequent use of pumps)Challenges of water supply system (water transport with a frequent use of pumps)
Challenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy Use
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Sedimentationbasin Filter
Water purificationbasin
Ozonation unit
BAC unit
Ozonation and Bio-Activated CarbonFilteration water purification facilities
River
Challenges of water supply system (facilities on multiple levels within a small area)Challenges of water supply system (facilities on multiple levels within a small area)
Challenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy UseChallenges concerning Energy Use
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Current Status of Regional Climate WarmingCurrent Status of Regional Climate Warming
Source: 2010 EDMC Handbook of Energy & Economic Statistics in Japan 8
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Current Status of Regional Climate WarmingCurrent Status of Regional Climate Warming
Source: Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan 9
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Strict Regulations of Recent Years on COStrict Regulations of Recent Years on CO22 ReductionReduction
1. Japan
Mid-term and long term objectives
To reduce emissions by 25% by 2020; to reduce emissions by80% by 2050 (both as compared to the 1990 level)
To achieve a renewable energy contribution of 10% to theprimary energy supply (in 2020)
2. Tokyo Metropolitan Government
To reduce CO2 emissions by 25% by 2020, as compared to the2000 level (15 million t-CO2)
To impose the cap-and-trade emissions trading scheme onlarge-scale business facilities
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Filter beds of Asaka Water Purification Plant
1,200 kW
Filter beds of Ozaku Water Purification Plant
280 kW
Service reservoir at Ozaku Water Purification Plant
180 kW
Efforts for COEfforts for CO22 Reduction in Tokyo WaterworksReduction in Tokyo Waterworks
Introduction of renewable energies (solar generation)
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Efforts for COEfforts for CO22 Reduction in Tokyo WaterworksReduction in Tokyo WaterworksIntroduction of renewable energies (solar generation)
Electric power generated and others are performances of FY 2009CO2 emission coefficient used is 0,382 (t- CO2 / K kWh/year) (Source: Guideline for calculation of renewable energycredit in Cap-and-Trade Emissions Trading Scheme, March 2010)
Plant NameInstalled
in
Ratedoutput(kW)
Electric powergenerated
(K kWh/year)
Equiv. to the powercons. by ordinary
Japanese households
CO2 reduction(t-CO2/year)
Higashi-murayama 1994 70 51 15 19
Ogouchi Res. 1998 153 93 27 35
Takatsuki Pur. Pl. 2003 20 15 4 5
Asaka Pur. Pl. 2004 1,200 740 218 282
Misono Pur. Pl. 2004 400 351 103 134
Ozaku Pur. Pl. 2004 280 213 63 81
Higashi-murayama 2006 1,200 815 240 311
Kanamachi Pur. Pl. 2006 800 614 181 234
Misato Pur. Pl. 2006 1,080 794 234 303
Nagasawa Pur. Pl. 2006 200 153 45 58
Ozaku Pur. Pl. 2009 180
Total 5,583 3,839 1,130 1,462
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Efficient use of unutilizedenergy through inflow pressure
and inflow amount
Pressure required for watertransmission from water
supply station A to station B
Inflow pressureat station B
Water purification plantTransmission pump
Small hydraulicgeneration equipment
Inflow amount
Water supply station B
Water supply station A
Efforts for COEfforts for CO22 Reduction in Tokyo WaterworksReduction in Tokyo WaterworksIntroduction of renewable energies (small hydraulic power generation)
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Kameido Water Supply Station
90 kW
Efforts for COEfforts for CO22 Reduction in Tokyo WaterworksReduction in Tokyo WaterworksIntroduction of renewable energies(small hydraulic power generation)
14
Higashi-murayamaPurification Plant
1,400 kWYakumo Water Supply Station
300 kW
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Efforts for COEfforts for CO22 Reduction in Tokyo WaterworksReduction in Tokyo Waterworks
Introduction of renewable energies (small hydraulic power generation)
Electric power generated and others are performances of FY 2009CO2 emission coefficient used is 0,382 (t- CO2 / K kWh/year) (Source: Guideline for calculation ofrenewable energy credit in Cap-and-Trade Emissions Trading Scheme, March 2010)
Plant NameInstalled
in
Ratedoutput(kW)
Electric powergenerated
(K kWh/year)
Equiv. to the powercons. by ordinary
Japanese households
CO2 reduction(t-CO2/year)
Higashi-murayama 2000 1,400 92 27 35
Minami-Senju 2004 95 713 210 272
Kameido WaterSupply Station
2007 90 295 87 112
Yagumo WaterSupply Station
2009 300
Total 1,885 1,100 324 419
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Efforts for COEfforts for CO22 Reduction in Tokyo WaterworksReduction in Tokyo Waterworks
Office-like buildings “save electricity in office buildings”
In all the office buildings (workplaces) of Tokyo Waterworks,13 measures in operations, such as:・Properly temperature setting of air-conditioner・Turning off all the lights during lunch break
are fully enforced, based on “Guideline for IntroducingEnergy-Saving and Renewable Energy Related Efforts”.
At the same time, necessary updates to buildings are conducted,in order to promote energy conservation
ObjectiveObjective Electricity use in the entire office buildings is decreased by 5%as compared to 2008.
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Efforts for COEfforts for CO22 Reduction in Tokyo WaterworksReduction in Tokyo Waterworks
Sedimentation basin
FilterWater purification
basin
Ozonationunit
BAC unit
Ozone Bio-Activated Carbonwater purification facilities
River
A浄水場
B浄水場
C浄水場加圧
加圧
A浄水場(増強)
B浄水場(縮小)
C浄水場(廃止)
加圧
代替浄水場(新設)
Replacement of water purification plants with low-carbon model
Purification Plant A
Purification Plant B
Purification Plant CBoosting
Boosting
BoostingPurification Plant C (Abolished)
Purification Plant B (Downscaled)
Purification Plant A (Strengthened)
AlternativePurification Plant
(New)
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!
SUITEKISUITEKI--KUNKUN(Water Drop Boy, Poster boy of Tokyo Waterworks)(Water Drop Boy, Poster boy of Tokyo Waterworks)
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Copyright 2010 Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. All Rights Reserved.