MNR Perspective On MNR Perspective On Bioproducts & Bioenergy Bioproducts & Bioenergy
in Ontarioin Ontario
Dr. Jason KoivistoDr. Jason Koivisto
SAF-CIF SAF-CIF 20092009
DefinitionsDefinitionsA Bioeconomy (bio-based economy)A Bioeconomy (bio-based economy)
An economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals, and An economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals, and energy are derived from renewable biological resources, such as plant and energy are derived from renewable biological resources, such as plant and animal sourcesanimal sources
BioproductsBioproducts A product developed from biological materials. Bioproducts may replace or A product developed from biological materials. Bioproducts may replace or
enhance products derived from non-renewable resources. The term bioproduct enhance products derived from non-renewable resources. The term bioproduct encompasses biofuels, biocomposites, nutraceuticals, and other biobased encompasses biofuels, biocomposites, nutraceuticals, and other biobased products. products.
BiorefiningBiorefining Uses biomass as the feedstock in a dynamic refining process to produce Uses biomass as the feedstock in a dynamic refining process to produce
bioproducts. The concept is modeled on the process for refining crude oil.bioproducts. The concept is modeled on the process for refining crude oil.
Bioconversion Bioconversion The conversion of organic materials, such as wood, into usable products or The conversion of organic materials, such as wood, into usable products or
energy sources by biological or thermo-chemical processes.energy sources by biological or thermo-chemical processes.
DefinitionsDefinitions
BiomassBiomass Living or recently dead biological matterLiving or recently dead biological matter. Biomass is Biomass is
essentially a stored form of solar energy. Common essentially a stored form of solar energy. Common sources include agricultural crops and wastes, and sources include agricultural crops and wastes, and forestry residues.forestry residues.
Forest BiofibreForest Biofibre Forest biofibre includes tree tops, cull Forest biofibre includes tree tops, cull
trees or portions of trees, individual trees or portions of trees, individual and stands of unmerchantable and and stands of unmerchantable and unmarketable trees, and trees that may unmarketable trees, and trees that may be salvaged as a result of a natural be salvaged as a result of a natural disturbance.disturbance.
The Business of Bioproducts The Business of Bioproducts
Industry Canada, 2006
BioenergyBioenergy
Direct CombustionDirect Combustion Burning biomass in a woodstove, fireplace or boiler.Burning biomass in a woodstove, fireplace or boiler.
Cogeneration (Combined Heat and Power)Cogeneration (Combined Heat and Power) The simultaneous generation of both electric power and heat; the heat, The simultaneous generation of both electric power and heat; the heat,
instead of being discharged without further use, is used in some fashion instead of being discharged without further use, is used in some fashion (eg, in district heating systems).(eg, in district heating systems).
Co-firingCo-firing Burning of two fuels in the same combustion unit; e.g., bio-oil and Burning of two fuels in the same combustion unit; e.g., bio-oil and
natural gas, or wood pellets and coal.natural gas, or wood pellets and coal.
Bioprocess TechnologyBioprocess Technology
Gasification Gasification Uses high temperatures in the presence of oxygen to convert solid Uses high temperatures in the presence of oxygen to convert solid
biomass into a gas. The gas can be used for direct combustion, biomass into a gas. The gas can be used for direct combustion, cogeneration or chemical extractioncogeneration or chemical extraction
PyrolysisPyrolysis Is theIs the chemical breakdown of biomass in the absence of air at chemical breakdown of biomass in the absence of air at
temperatures above 250temperatures above 250°C. This process produces a bio-oil, syn-gas, °C. This process produces a bio-oil, syn-gas, char and ash which can be used for bioenergy or chemical extraction.char and ash which can be used for bioenergy or chemical extraction.
FermentationFermentation The anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by The anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by
microorganisms.microorganisms.
Bio-catalysisBio-catalysis Enzymes or microorganisms are used to perform chemical Enzymes or microorganisms are used to perform chemical
transformations on the organic compounds in the biomass.transformations on the organic compounds in the biomass.
CHAMBOST, V., MCNUTT,j.. STUART, P.R. Guided tour: Implementing the forest biorefinery (FBR) at existing pulp and paper mills. Pulp & Paper Canada 109(7/8):T83-T9I (July/August 2008).
Current use of biofibre
Examples of High Value Bioproducts Examples of High Value Bioproducts from Biofibrefrom Biofibre
Replacement for Carbon BlackReplacement for Carbon Black Carbon FibresCarbon Fibres Nanocrystalline CelluloseNanocrystalline Cellulose TanninsTannins Sitosterol & SitostanolSitosterol & Sitostanol
Ontario’s OpportunityOntario’s Opportunity
Potential feedstock supply and receptor capacity;Potential feedstock supply and receptor capacity; Close proximity to largest markets in North AmericaClose proximity to largest markets in North America Skilled labour force and harvesting contractor Skilled labour force and harvesting contractor
capacity;capacity;
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
Valu
e o
f P
rod
ucti
on
($
bil
lio
n)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Feed
sto
ck (
mil
lio
n a
cre
s)
Motor Vehicle Manufacturing
Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing
Chemical Manufacturing
Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing
Productive Forest Area
Cropland and Pasture Area
Ontario’s Research CapacityOntario’s Research Capacity Established research programs through Ontario Forest Research Institute;Established research programs through Ontario Forest Research Institute; R&D capacity with several universities actively engaged; R&D capacity with several universities actively engaged; Collaboration with Canadian Forest Services, Great Lakes Forest Alliance and Collaboration with Canadian Forest Services, Great Lakes Forest Alliance and
FP InnovationsFP Innovations Ontario making significant investments in 3 Research & Innovations Centres.Ontario making significant investments in 3 Research & Innovations Centres.
Centre for Research and
Innovation in the Bioeconomy - $25 M Queens Centre for Biomaterials
Research - $21 M
Bioindustrial Innovation
Centre - $10 M
Government of Ontario Priority - Strong people, strong economy (a greener economy)
MNR’s Our Sustainable Future –
Conserve Biodiversity & Use Natural Resources in a Sustainable Manner
MNR’s Strategic Objective – Economic Growth for Ontario Communities
Bioeconomy Program’s Strategic Purpose –Contribute to the evolution of Ontario’s green economy by
facilitating the sustainable use of natural resources for bio-based products.
MNR’s Bioeconomy ProgramMNR’s Bioeconomy Program
MNR’s Bioeconomy TeamMNR’s Bioeconomy Team
Forest Bioeconomy CoordinatorDr. Jason Koivisto
Knowledge Development/ Transfer Specialist *
Brady Irwin
Program Specialist – Forest Bioeconomy*
Joe Maure
Provincial BioeconomyNetwork
(Multi-ministry)
MNR’s One window for bioeconomy initiatives
* New ^ matrixed
Economics Specialist – Forest Bioeconomy*
Dr. Indrajit Majumdar
Policy Analyst – Forest Bioeconomy*
Karry Anne Campbell
WAMS – Forest Analyst ^
SO Regional forest industry
liaison officer ^Ian Manson
FSCS - Forest Business Analyst ^
SIRD - Science Management Coordinator^
FPS – Senior Policy Advisor ^
RES - Alternative Energy Program
Officer^
WAMS - 3 Regional Forest Industry
Liaison Officers ^
FSD – Kapuskasing Area Supervisor ^
MNR’s Role in Developing MNR’s Role in Developing Ontario’s BioeconomyOntario’s Bioeconomy
Defining the resource potentialDefining the resource potential
Improving access to biofibreImproving access to biofibre
Science knowledge development and transferScience knowledge development and transfer
Community involvement and socio-economic Community involvement and socio-economic developmentdevelopment
Defined Resource PotentialDefined Resource Potential
Continue model and information developmentContinue model and information development Spatial analysis capabilitySpatial analysis capability
Link to FERIC economic modelLink to FERIC economic model
Develop yield estimates by speciesDevelop yield estimates by species
Support operational trials Support operational trials
Incorporate biofibre estimates into Forest Incorporate biofibre estimates into Forest
Management PlansManagement Plans
Available Forest Available Forest BiomassBiomass
Available Harvest & Actual Harvest (million m³)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Year
Vo
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e (m
illi
on
m³)
Total Available Total Actual
1 m3 = 0.276 cords
Forest Biomass SourceAnnual Volume - Million m³ - green
Mill Residues (hog fuel, sawdust, bark) - listed as 'waste' on Annual Mill Return
0.6
Older Slash Piles - (Piled but not burnt due to improper indices, timing issues)
2.0
Slash (branches) from current forest harvest operations
1.3
Unutilized but available harvest volume
9.6
Slash (branches) and Bark asssociated with unutilized but available harvest volume
1.5
Private Lands 1.0Total 16.0
Improved Access to BiofibreImproved Access to Biofibre
Review the use of existing forest resource Review the use of existing forest resource commitmentscommitments
Facilitate and support access to biofibreFacilitate and support access to biofibre
Initiate policy discussion on MNR’s role on Initiate policy discussion on MNR’s role on private landprivate land
Ontario’s Forest Biofibre PolicyOntario’s Forest Biofibre Policy The Directive guides the use and allocation of Crown The Directive guides the use and allocation of Crown
forest biofibreforest biofibre
Same allocation / disposition process as for Crown Same allocation / disposition process as for Crown timbertimber
Priority for aboriginal opportunitiesPriority for aboriginal opportunities
Reinforces need to comply with all Forest Reinforces need to comply with all Forest Management Planning / EA requirementsManagement Planning / EA requirements
Pricing of BiofibrePricing of BiofibreEffective April 1, 2008
Unmarketable Fibre Unmerchantable Fibre
Minimum Charge $0.00/m3
Residual Value $0.00/m3
Forestry Futures $0.00/m3
Forest Renewal $0.00/m3
Total $0.00/m3
UndersizedTops & Branches
Scaling Manual StandardsUnused Roundwood
Minimum Charge $0.00/m3
Residual Value $0.00/m3
Forestry Futures $1.07/m3
Forest Renewal $0.25/m3 minimum*
Total $1.32/m3 minimum
*Forest Renewal is a minimum of $0.25/m3 – set by District Managers basedon renewal needs
Price is for 10 years to be reviewed after 5 years$ collected go only to forest silviculture & inventory
1 m3 = 0.276 cords
Biofibre Harvest Volumes by FMU Biofibre Harvest Volumes by FMU up to Nov. 08up to Nov. 08
1 m3 = 0.276 cords
Biofibre Harvest Volumes by FMU Biofibre Harvest Volumes by FMU up to April ‘09up to April ‘09
1 m3 = 0.276 cords
1 m3 = 0.276 cords
Ministry of Natural Resources' Staged Ministry of Natural Resources' Staged Competition for Crown Wood Supply in Competition for Crown Wood Supply in
Ontario Ontario
Stage One – Request for Expression of Stage One – Request for Expression of InterestInterest Deadline was March 3Deadline was March 3rdrd, 2009, 2009 Over 130 proponent applicationsOver 130 proponent applications
Stage Two - Wood Supply Competitive Stage Two - Wood Supply Competitive Process Process
Stage One Proposed UsesStage One Proposed Uses
Science & Knowledge Development Science & Knowledge Development and Transferand Transfer
Develop a knowledge management strategy and Develop a knowledge management strategy and transfer plan on bioeconomy matterstransfer plan on bioeconomy matters
Assess science capacity and knowledge and Assess science capacity and knowledge and determine mechanisms to fill gapsdetermine mechanisms to fill gaps
Engage in science networks at provincial, national Engage in science networks at provincial, national and international leveland international level
Collaboration effort with FP Innovations and Collaboration effort with FP Innovations and Universities to support the transformation of the Universities to support the transformation of the forest sectorforest sector
Investigate climate change benefits of bioeconomy Investigate climate change benefits of bioeconomy projectsprojects
Collaborate and conduct research as part of the Great Collaborate and conduct research as part of the Great Lakes Forest AllianceLakes Forest Alliance
MNR’s Fast Pyrolysis MNR’s Fast Pyrolysis Transportable Biorefinery ProjectTransportable Biorefinery Project
New forest derived products New forest derived products New business opportunities New business opportunities
Develop and demonstrateDevelop and demonstrate Research integration of the technology within existing Research integration of the technology within existing
forest harvesting operations.forest harvesting operations.
Community Involvement and Community Involvement and Socio-Economic DevelopmentSocio-Economic Development
Social and economic comparative analysisSocial and economic comparative analysis Community combined heat and powerCommunity combined heat and power
Support community development initiativesSupport community development initiatives
Engage other Ministries to develop ways to Engage other Ministries to develop ways to engage Aboriginal and rural communitiesengage Aboriginal and rural communities
ConclusionConclusion
There is a great deal of interest in making use of There is a great deal of interest in making use of Ontario’s forests to support the development of the Ontario’s forests to support the development of the bioeconomy.bioeconomy.
Ontario is actively supporting a series of initiatives to Ontario is actively supporting a series of initiatives to advance the development of a forest bioeconomy.advance the development of a forest bioeconomy.
We’re willing to entertain partnerships to advance We’re willing to entertain partnerships to advance areas of common interest as they relate to the use of areas of common interest as they relate to the use of forest resources for the bioeconomy.forest resources for the bioeconomy.
Questions????Questions????
Dr. Jason KoivistoDr. Jason KoivistoMNR – Industry Relations BranchMNR – Industry Relations Branch
[email protected]@ontario.ca