Download - Module 1. presentation 1
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Module: Arabic 1: 2010-2011presentation 1
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AS-SALAMU ALAIKUM! AHLAN WA SAHLAN!
Bismillah Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim
Requires initiative, desire to learn Arabic
Have learned the Arabic alphabet beforehand
Have questions, concerns, suggestions – e-mail [email protected]
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VOWELS ADDED TO THE ENDING OF WORDS REFLECT THE GRAMMAR
These are called case endings (there is a, i, and u case endings)
Case endings: they change the endings of words depending on that word’s position in the sentence
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U CASE ENDING
The U case is the one used when a noun or adjective is quoted in isolation
Nouns and adjectives are also marked to distinguish between definite and indefinite status (the=definite article; a=indefinite article) In the U case, to mark definite status, we add ‘Al’to the
beginning of the word AND a single vowel marker at the end of the word (in the U case) we would add the damma
In the U case, to mark indefinite status, we add ‘un’ to the end of the word which is written as or
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EXAMPLES
Waziir = a minister Jadiid= new Waziirun jadid= a new minister
An adjective follows the noun it qualifies Both the noun and the adjective are marked for
indefiniteness, and both are in the U case in this sentence An adjective agrees with the noun it qualifies with regard to
definite/indefinite status An adjective agrees with the noun it qualifies with regard to
case
THE RULES
We don’t pronounce the ‘u’ or ‘un’ when we say a word in isolation or when it comes at the end of a sentence – you’ll catch on when we practise insha’Allah Ta’ala.
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INDEFINITE NOUN + INDEFINITE ADJECTIVE (S) = INDEFINITE NOUN PHRASE
Not a sentence
Baabun kabiir(un) = a big door
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DEFINITE NOUN + DEFINITE ADJECTIVE(S) = DEFINITE NOUN PHRASE
Albaabu-lkabiir = the big door
Alwazeer-uljadeed=the new minister
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ASSIMILIATION
One sound is adjusted to become similar to or identical with a neighbouring one
The closest English example: all right becomes ar right The definite article is fully assimilated but still written
with ‘lam’ when prefixed to words beginning with: Eg. Ar-Rahman
The assimilation can be indicated by placing the shadda over the letters at the same time writing the article
not
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BASIC VOCABULARY
Professor (honorific)
Door, gate House, home New President, chief, boss
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VOCAB CONTINUED…
Ambassador
Large/great
Minister
German
American
I You (m)
English
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Beautiful
Intelligent
Man Russian Famous
French
Book
Generous
King
he
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Boy
Jordanian
Prince/… Iranian
Turkish
Council meeting
That
Mosque Secretary
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In(to)/at Office/desk
Chair Dog
Lebanese
Dwelling This Here There There Indian