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Module 1.3
Database Management Systems
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Outline
1. Data, System, Management2. The Database Management
System Environment3. The DBMS Organizational
Relationship
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Workshop # 2The PHP <? ?>
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Data + System + Management
1
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What is a Database?
The database is consist of logically related data stored in a single logical data storeroom or repository.
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KEYWORDS: DATABASEDATA logically relatedSINGLE LOGICAL DATA STOREROOM
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What is Management?
Manage to achieve a goal
To Carry on or functionBe in charge of, act on, or dispose of
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KEYWORDS: MANAGEMENTGoalFunction or RoleAct
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What is a SystemAn ordered manner;
orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized
A group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole
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KEY WORDS: SYSTEMORDERMETHODICALWELL-ORGANIZEDUNIFIED WHOLE
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What is a Database System?An organization of components that defines and regulates the collection, storage, management and use of data in a database environment
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A DBMSShould be able to:
Manage (a GOAL, a FUNCTION and ACT ON IT)
Data (logically related information)
Systematically (there is order, a method and organized as one unit)
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DBMS Environment
2
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The DBMS Environment Consist of
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HardwareRefers to all of the system’s physical devices
ComputersMicrocomputers, main frames, workstations
and serversStorage DevicesPrintersNetwork Devices
Hubs, switches, fiber optics, routersOther Devices
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SoftwareAlthough the most readily identified
software is the DBMS itself, to make the database system function fully, it needs 3 types of softwareOperating System Software – manage the
hardware components and makes it possible for all other software to run on the computer: e.g. UNIX, LINUX, Mac OS, Windows
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DBMS Software – manages the Database: MS Access, SQL Server, Oracle etc
Application Programs – use to access and manipulate data in the DBMS and manage the computer environment in which data access and manipulation takes place
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PeopleThis component includes all user of
the database system. Usually consist of the following:Systems Administrator (SYSAD)
oversees the database system’s general operations
Database Administrators (DBA) manage the DBMS and ensure that the database is functioning properly
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Database Designers designs the database structures; database architects.
Systems Analysts and Programmers designs the application programs
End Users are the people who use the application programs to run the organization’s daily operations
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ProceduresInstructions and rules that govern the design and use
of the database systemProcedures also are used to ensure that there is an
organized way to monitor and audit both the data that enters the database and the information that is generated through the use of that data
Examples: Enrolment ProceduresOpening a new bank account
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DataData covers the collection of facts
stored in the database.Because data are the raw materials
from which information is generated, the determination of what data are to be entered into the database and how the data are to be organized is a vital part of the database designer’s job.
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DBMS OrganizationalRelationships
3
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System Administrator
Database Designer
DatabaseAdministrator
Analysts &Programmers
End Users
Procedures &Standards
DBMSUtilities
ApplicationSoftwares
designs
writes and enforces
supervises
managesw
rites
access
Har
dwar
e
use
Applied to
DBMS
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A DBMS and a HUMAN PERSONThe DBMS A HUMAN Thinking like a DBMS
Software Our Human Brain What type of OS do you have?
Hardware Our Body and its subsystems (digestive, circulatory etc)
Is your Hardware System Working well to be able to function task efficiently?
People Our parents, friends, “churvaloos”, classmates etc
Who help you manage your life? Who are your end users?
Procedures Rules, Daily Activities What is your end goal in life? What are your principles in life? What are your activities?
Data Our Life Experiences and Encounters
Are you able to maximize your daily data in your life and be able to process it well?
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SummaryA good database management system is able
to create systems to be able to manage data efficiently and effectively
A Database Management system consist of 5 components/elements:Software, hardware, people, procedures and data
A DBMS involves a inter-relationship of task, people and procedures working as a whole.
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Module 1.3
Lab work
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Labwork
4
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Objectives
1. Write and execute a simple php script2. Compare and Contrast between an html file and a
php file extension
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Workshop 2.1
PHP and HTML Comparison
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Procedure 1Go to c:/xampp/htdocs/Create a new folder called: IM32W2
create a new html file using notepad/notepad++
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<html> <body>
<h1> Hello World! </h1></body>
</html>
Save it as index.htmlBrowse it on your localhost:
http://localhost/im32w2 orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2
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Procedure 2Go to c:/xampp/htdocs/Create a new folder called: IM32W2
create a new html file using notepad/notepad++
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<html> <body>
<h1> Hello World! </h1></body>
</html>
Save it as index.phpBrowse it on your localhost:
http://localhost/im32w2/index.html orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2/index.html
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Procedure 3Open index.htmlAdd the following lines (refer to the next
slide)Save it.Browse it on your localhost:
http://localhost/im32w2/index.html orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2/index.html
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<html> <body>
<h1> Hello World! </h1><?echo ‘<h2><i>IM 32</i></h2>’;?>
</body></html>
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Procedure 4Open index.phpAdd the following lines (refer to the next
slide)Save it.Browse it on your localhost:
http://localhost/im32w2/index.php orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2/index.php
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<html> <body>
<h1> Hello World! </h1><?echo ‘<h2><i>IM 32</i></h2>’;?>
</body></html>
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Before the class ends:Is there a difference between
index.html and index.php?
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