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Motions of the Earth
Chapter 5Lesson 2 Earth and the Sun
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Motions of the Earth
• If you watch the Sun for several hours, you will notice that it looks like it moves across the sky.
• Does the Sun move across the sky?
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Motions of the Earth
• The Sun only seems to move, because the Earth is rotating, or spinning like a top.
• Earth spins, or rotates, around its axis.• What is Earth’s axis?
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Motions of the Earth
• Earth’s axis is an imaginary line that runs from its North Pole, through its center, to its South Pole.
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Motions of the Earth
• The Earth spins at just over 1,000 miles an hour.
• We can’t feel it spinning. • Earth completes one rotation in about 24
hours.• As a result of this movement, Earth has
day and night.
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Motions of the Earth
• As Earth spins only one side faces the Sun.
• Day begins when our part of the world turns to face the Sun.
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Motions of the Earth
• Night falls when our part of the Earth turns away from the Sun.
• The side facing away from the sun has nighttime.
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1. We know the Earth is spinning from data gathered by satellites
HOW DO WE KNOW THAT EARTH IS SPINNING?
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2. French scientist Foucault• Created a pendulum that swung back and
forth in one direction.• Pegs were arranged in a circle around the
ball• Over a period of a day, the pegs were
knocked down.• Earth rotated under the ball
HOW DO WE KNOW THAT EARTH IS SPINNING?
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HOW DO WE KNOW THAT EARTH IS SPINNING?
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3. The shape of the Earth is also proof that Earth is spinning
• Earth is slightly flattened at the North and South Poles
• It also bulges at the equator• As Earth spins, Earth’s matter is thrown to the
“edge”
HOW DO WE KNOW THAT EARTH IS SPINNING?