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MULTI-SYSTEMS YOUTH: BEHAVIORAL HEALTH, TRAUMA, AND CROSS-SYSTEMS APPROACHES
Georgetown University McCourt School of Public Policy Center for Juvenile Justice Reform
Shay Bilchik, JD Research Professor/Center Director Early Identification and Interventions for Youth and Adolescents with Serious Behavioral Health Conditions December 9, 2015
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Who are Crossover Youth? 2
Crossover Youth
Dually-Involved Dually-
Adjudicated
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Multi-Systems Crossover Youth
Research 3
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4
Prevalence
Child Welfare Population
• 10-29% of youth ≥ 8 years old in CW are subsequently arrested
Juvenile Justice Referrals
• Overall Cases: 67% with some type of CW history (King County)
• Diversion Cases • 1% (4 Arizona
Counties) • 34% (King
County)
Juvenile Justice Adjudicated Cases
• Overall: 35% (New Mexico)
• Probation Supervision: 7% (4 Arizona Counties)
• Probation Placement: 42% (4 Arizona Counties)
Herz, D. (2014) Building A Multi-Systems Approach: Defining and Identifying “Crossover Youth”
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What Contributes to Crossing Over?
5
Experiences w/ Child Welfare
System
Placement Type
Adolescent-Limited and Persistent
Maltreatment
Absence of Positive
Attachments Education Instability
Placement Instability
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Characteristics of Youth 6
Youth
Living in group home at time of
arrest 26%
AWOL at time of arrest 47%
Attending school 94%
(80% of whom had academic or
behavior problems)
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7
Characteristics of Youth 7
African American Youth Overrepresented
About 1/3 Female
Placement Changes Families with History of Criminal Behavior, Mental Health and/or
Substance Abuse Problems
Truancy Academic and Behavioral Problems at School
Prior Contact with the Juvenile Justice System (½ to ¾)
High Rates of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Problems
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The Crossover Youth Practice Model
A Multi-System Response 8
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Core Elements 9
¨ Identification ¨ Equitable Treatment ¨ Family Teaming Model ¨ Information Sharing ¨ Coordinated Case Assessment, Planning, and
Management ¨ Evidence-Based Services ¨ Trauma Informed Care ¨ Judicial Administration ¨ Permanency
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Process and Practice Goals 10
Reduce
Juvenile Justice
Penetration
Use of Pre-Adjudication
Detention
Rate of Recidivism
Re-entering CW from JJ
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Process and Practice Goals 11
Increase
Information Sharing
Family Voice In Decision Making
Family and Youth Engagement
Joint Assessment and Case Planning
Coordinated Case
Management
Behavioral Health
Treatment
Pro-Social Bonds
Diversion
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MULTI-SYSTEMS YOUTH: BEHAVIORAL HEALTH, TRAUMA, AND CROSS-SYSTEMS APPROACHES
Georgetown University McCourt School of Public Policy Center for Juvenile Justice Reform
Shay Bilchik, JD Research Professor/Center Director Early Identification and Interventions for Youth and Adolescents with Serious Behavioral Health Conditions December 9, 2015