Download - Multi Tasking Presentation
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Supporting multi-tasking of activities
Dr. Vctor M. GonzlezInteractive Systems Design Group
University of Manchester
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Overview
> Some characteristics of multi-tasking
> Office work: multi-tasking research
> Sphere Juggler
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Information workers have to cope with the
demands emerging by the multiple activities theyare engaged in.
Current designs of information technology do notprovide a comprehensive support for themanagement of activities.
There is a lack of comprehensive understanding ofthe phenomenon ofmanaging multiple activities.
Challenges to support Multi-tasking
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Office work: Multi-tasking researchThe area of study:
Personal activity management
Modern information workers
The approach taken
Systematic observation of 36 information workers asthey conducted their activities in the workplace
Interviews to discuss various aspects of thephenomenon, as well as reflective accounts aboutobservations
Informants included software developers, financialanalysts, support engineers, projects leaders and
managers.
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Office work: Multi-tasking research
Actions% entire
dayAvg. Time/Day
(sd)Avg. Time/ Action
(sd)
Using phone 7.6 0:39:48 (0:29:10) 0:03:02 (0:01:28)
Using e-mail 8.3 0:43:31 (0:20:27) 0:02:04 (0:00:42)
Using PCs 27.8 2:26:21 (1:08:23) 0:02:30 (0:00:45)
Using paper documents 6.6 0:34:51 (0:25:10) 0:01:50 (0:00:52)
Using other tools 0.8 0:04:02 (0:03:55) 0:01:15 (0:00:43)
Talking through the walls 1.7 0:08:46 (0:10:29) 0:01:06 (0:01:14)Talking to others in own cubicle 8.3 0:43:45 (0:29:37) 0:04:29 (0:02:49)
Formal meetings 14.3 1:15:21 (1:00:12) 0:42:56 (0:19:11)
Talking to others in other cubicles 12.4 1:05:24 (0:37:40) 0:08:21 (0:03:27)
Personal 11.2 0:59:11 (0:26:13) 0:33:32 (0:27:40)
Unknown 1.0 0:05:15 (0:08:59) 0:05:09 (0:09:05)All actions except Formalmeetings, Personal andUnknown
73.5 0:48:19 (0:53:05) 0:03:05 (0:02:51)
All actions total 100% 0:47:51 (0:51:48) 0:09:40 (0:17:19)
Average continuous time spent on actions before switching
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Office work: Multi-tasking research
The analysis was oriented toward understanding howactions were related to other actions around practical
units of work: working spheres
Phone call with client+
Meeting with developer
+Composing e-mail message
=
Clients problem with system
Moving beyond actions: the need for a notion
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Office work: Multi-tasking researchAverage no. working spheres and segment for all informants
Type of workingsphere
Avg. #. W.S.per day (sd)
Avg. Time/W.S.
per segment
(sd)
Avg. Total Time/W.S.per day (sd)
Central9.31
(4.99)
0:12:16
(0:03:56)
0:43:21
(0:19:38)
Peripheral 2.90(1.63)
0:05:34(0:03:43)
0:08:18(0:06:06)
All12.22
(5.30)
0:10:29
(0:02:51)
0:33:58
(0:12:04)
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Office work: Multi-tasking research
Consolidation of information from many sources
Strategies to manage activities
People gain an overview of their working spheres at the
beginning of the day/week and update it as conditionschange
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Office work: Multi-tasking researchConstant renewal of overviews: different perspectives
Global: provide major summaries of the work
Local: help manage the day-to-day things
Global perspective Local perspective
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Our approach: Sphere JugglerPersonal Activity Management
The approach: Sphere juggler
Initial system to support activityswitching and context recovery
Aggregation of resources aroundworking spheres (emails, URLs,documents, contacts)
Implementation: Windows XP and MSOutlook
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Centralized Sphere Management
Highly CustomizableQuick Sphere Switching
Stepper Learning Curve
Spheres space association
Document Monitoring
Active Spheres
Open Docs
Quick Sphere Targeting Drag & Drop enabled
PIM Integration
Our approach: Sphere Juggler
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ScenarioOur approach: Sphere Juggler
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Our approach: Sphere JugglerPersonal Activity Management
PDA VersionIntegration with Whiteboard
Medical Interns
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