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Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Psychological Type
Assessment
Instrument
Thanks to Dr. Don ParkerRevised 9/26/02
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MBTI Background Information Based on Jung’s Theory of
Psychological Type People differ in fundamental ways People differ in systematic and orderly
ways People differ because of the way they
use perception and judgment
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To think about Not about intelligence or pathologies Not exhaustive Provides information on some key
preferences, tendencies and traits but You decide how accurate it is Way to better know own behaviors to
increase flexibility Way to appreciate and build complementary
work teams
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Two basic mental activities Perception
Process by which we become aware
Judgment Process for coming
to conclusions about awareness
Sensing intuition Thinking feeling
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How one gets energy
Extraversion Introversion
Directed Outward Directed Inward
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Applying MBTI Information
MBTI data have proven useful for assisting people with:
Career choice Organizational relationships Intimate relationships Communication Problem solving Improved learning strategies
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Four scales - continuum Extraversion----------------Introversion
Sensing--------------------------Intuition
Thinking-------------------------Feeling
Judgment-----------------------Perception
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Dimensions summarized E-I: Where One Prefers to Focus; What Energizes
her/him. Environment or ideas.
S-N: Type Of Preferred Information. How to think about things
T-F: Basis For Decisions. Objective vs. subjective data
J-P: How Person Prefers To Cope With Demands Of Outer World. Closure or defer for new info
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Focus Of Attention: Extraversion
E People:
Focus on outer world of people and activity.
Receive energy from interacting with people and taking action
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Extravert Characteristics
Typical E Characteristics: Prefer to communicate by talking Work out ideas, learn by talking
things over. Sociable and expressive Take initiative in work and
relationships. May act quickly, w/o thinking.
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Focus Of Attention: Introversion
I People Prefer To:
Focus on their own inner world of ideas and experiences.
Direct their energy inward. Receive energy from reflection, thought,
and memories.
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Introvert Characteristics: Drawn to personal inner world. Prefer to communicate in writing. Work out ideas through reflection. Learn best through mental “practice.” Private and contained. Take initiative only when issue is
personally important.
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Sensing
S People Prefer Information To Be:
Real and tangible.
Reflective of what is actually happening.
Specific and measurable.
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Sensor Characteristics Oriented to present realities. Factual and concrete. Focus on the “real and actual.” Observe and remember specifics. Build carefully toward conclusions. Comprehend ideas/theories through practical
application. Trust own experience.
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Intuition
Favor “Big Picture” information. Focus on relationships and connections
between and among facts. Seek to discover/grasp patterns. Especially attuned to recognizing new
possibilities.
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Intuitor Characteristics Oriented to future possibilities. Imaginative and verbally creative. Focus on patterns and meanings In data. Move quickly to conclusions; follow hunches. Trust own inspiration. Seek to clarify ideas before applying them.
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Decision-Making StyleThinking
T People: Look for logical consequences of a choice
or action. Place themselves personally at a distance
from decisions. Examine pros and cons objectively. Are energized by identifying what’s wrong
so they can “solve the problem.”
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Thinker Characteristics Analytical. Use cause-and-effect reasoning. Solve problems logically. Strive for objective standard of truth. Reasonable. Tough-Minded. Fair; seek equity.
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Decision-Making StyleFeeling
F People: Prefer to use feelings in decision-making. Consider what is important to self and others
involved. Identify with those affected. Base decisions on personal values about honoring
people. Like to praise others. Seek to create harmony and to treat each person
as unique.
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Feeler Characteristics Empathetic. Guided by personal values. Assess effects of decisions on people. Strive for harmony and positive Interactions. Compassionate. “Tenderhearted.” Want everyone treated As unique individual.
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Dealing With Outer WorldJudging
J People: Prefer to live in planned, orderly way. Seek to regulate and manage own lives. Want to make decision, achieve closure,
move on. J’s lives tend to be organized, structured,
Settled. Plans and schedules are important. Energized by getting things done.
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Judging Characteristics Typical J :
Scheduled. Organized. Systematic. Methodical. Make Short/Long Term Plans. Want Issues Settled/Decided. Avoid Last-Minute Stress.
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Dealing With Outer WorldPerceiving
P People: Prefer flexible, spontaneous way of life. Prefer to experience and understand life rather
than attempting to control It. Feel confined by detailed plans. Uncomfortable with decisions; prefer to remain
open to new information & last-minute options. Energized by own resourcefulness In adapting
to demands of the last moment.
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Perceiving Characteristics Spontaneous. Flexible. Casual. Open-ended. Adaptable; willing to change course. Keep things loose and open to change. Feel energized by last-minute pressure.
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NF,NT,SJ,SP Another way to group clusters 4 variations – rather than 16 so easier
to grasp NT, NF = each 12% of population SJ,SP = each 38% of population
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Characteristics of preferred jobs
NT Creative Logical Analytic Building new
systems Powerful Big picture
NF Problem solving Being appreciated Personal/friendly Get good feedback Work with integrity flexible
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Ideal job…SP
Create as they go High action Variety Unknown energizes Spontaneous Playful Use humor Don’t practice
SJ Well defined
rules/practices Loyalty Stable Security Accuracy valued Regular evaluations
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Cautionary NoteMeanings Are Unique To MBTI
Extraverts Are Not All Outgoing Or Talkative. Introverts Are Not All Shy. Feeling Does Not Mean Emotional. Judging Does Not Mean Judgmental. Perceiving Does Not Mean Perceptive. Pay Careful Attention To Magnitude Of
Scores As Well As Direction. Do Your Scores “Feel” Right????
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MBTI Type MatrixSensing Intuitive
Introvert ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ
ISTP ISFP INFP INTP
Extravert ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP
ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ
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Group Problem Solving Sensing (facts)
Face facts, be realistic, find out what the situation is; avoid wishful thinking or sentiment
Intuition (possibilities) Discover all the possibilities; put aside idea
that current way is right way
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Group Problem solving Thinking (consequences)
Impersonally analyze cause and effect, consequences, costs, misgivings
Feeling (human values) Weigh how deeply you care about what
might be gained or lost. Consider other’s feelings, reasonable and unreasonable
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Group Exercise Questions Do Members Of Your Group Prefer:
To work problems out alone or talk them through with others?
To have information that is real and measurable or to seek patterns and relationships within the data?
To base decisions on careful thought or to Include broader concerns about how these decisions affect others?
To live in a careful, well-planned world or to take life “as it happens?”
Other dominant characteristics???
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Resources www.myersbriggs.org www.capt.org Gifts Differing, Isabel Briggs-Myers
(with Peter Myers, consulting Psychologist Press, 1990.
Type Talk, Otto Kroeger & Janet M thuesen, Bantam Doubleday, 1988.