MARDONAAGUJAPINDIINI
WANGKATJAPIJIKALANANGU
NAJANAJANAWURTU
NANKILAKUTHUMARTUYITHA
NGURLUMARLBAWINDAGA
NGOONOORUBYRO WAJARRI
MILEURA WAJARRINHARNU
NYIYAPARLI PADUPADUBANYJIMA PADUPADU
NGARRKAKURDUNWALJEN
YIRRAKALANNGARDI
KAKUTU / KAKURTUNGULATU / NGULARTU
WANGKATHAWIDI
BADIMAYA / BADIMIAKUWARRA
NANGADADJARA / NYANGANYAT-JARA
MULIARAWARDAL
NYAKI NYAKI / NJAKI NJAKIWILYARA
GULAMARAWA
MANGULAGURDUWANGABIRNIRIDJARA
DJALGANDIMUDALGA
BUNGGURAWAWULAKALARKU
NGADAWANGATJUPANNAKAKO
MANTJINTJARRAMANGUKONIN
MILAMADANANADJARAWIDJANDJA
NGAANYATJARRAWADIWANGGA
WAJARRI / WADJARRINGADJUMAYA / NGADJU
BIRDUNGUMADOIDJATJITIJAMBA
NGAATJATJARRADJUNGURDJA
NGARLAWIRDINYA
KALAAMAYANYIYAPARLI
MANYJILYJARRAKARTUJARRA
KIYAJARRABANYJIMA
PUTIJARRAPALYKU
DARGUDINYAMALIBARGA
NUNGARAWIDAGARI
NYANGUMARTAWARNMANWARINGARIKARAJARRIMANGALA
WALMAJARRI
YULPARIJAKUKATJABUNARA
MADUWONGGAWADJIBA
NHUGARNNGURLIPARTU
WALYIRLIFRAZER RANGEBUNDJUWANGA
PANTIKURAMIJARANYPA
JU'UNAYINHAWANGKA / INNAWONGA
TJERARIDJALWESTERN DESERT LANGUAGE
MOUNT MARGARETWIRDJARAGANDJANJANGADJADJARA
TARPUNTJARIKURAJARRA
MARTU WANGKAWANGKAJUNGA
JUWALINYPILILUNA
MURUNITJANYANYANY
NYARDITJAPANMAY
NHANHAGARDIWITJAARI
NATINGEROMANDARA
CHEANGWA LANGUAGEKUNTAL
NORSEMANMIRNINGPINTUPI
YUMUANTEKERREPENHE
KAYTETYEALYAWARR
WAKIRTI WARLPIRIWARLPIRIWAKAYA
WARLMANPAWARUMUNGU
WAMBAYAWIRANGUGURINDJI
PINKANGARNAJINGULU
GUNINDIRRIMANU
MUDBURRAGUDANJI
NGARINYMAN
AKARRELOWER ARRERNTENGALIA
EASTERN GURINDJIEASTERN MUDBURRA
EASTERN NGARINYMANKARRANGA
KARTANGARURRUKUWARRANYJI
WESTERN MUDBURRAWURLAYI
NGARDILYPAWAWULYAKOKATHA
WARNAYAKAYARLPIRI
WARRMARLANGALIYA
WENAMBANYIWANAWU
PERTAMEWESTERN ARRARNTA
YANKUNYTJATJARAANTAKIRINYA
PITJANTJATJARALURITJAKUKATJA
ANMATYERR
ARRERNTEWANGGAMALA
WIRADJURIPULALI
PAAKANTYI / PAAKANTJI / BARKINDJIWILJALI
THANGKAALIGUYINBARAAY
WILYAKALIPANTYIKALI
WANGAAYPUWANNHAAWUPARLKUWEMBA WEMBA
WAYILWANWANYIWALKU
NGIYAMPAA / NGEMPAGAMILARAAY / GAMILAROI / KAMILAROI
SOUTHERN ANAIWANKURNU
BARRANBINYAYUWAALARAAY
WIRIYARAAYGAMBUWAL
YORTA YORTAKULLILLI
BUDJARI / BADJIRIMURUWARI / MURRAWARRI
KOOMA / GWAMUBIGAMBULGUYAMBALGEYNYAN
GUNGGARIKOGAI
GAWAMBARAAYNGUNAWAL / NGUNNAWAL
BARUNGGAMGIABAL
MARGANY / MARDIGANGUNYA
MANDANDANJIWADJALANG
NGURIPAARUNTYIPARRINTYI
KUNGAKURIWADI WADI
NUNTUKURIPURUKURITHINUNTU
KUNTAKURIYUWAALAYAAYWAALARAAYMURINGAMWERAERIA
JEITHIMILPULO
BARABABARABAKUREINJI
WIRRĪWIRRĪSOUTHERN PAAKANTYICANBERRA LANGUAGE
NORTHERN DHARAWAL LANGUAGENORTHERN ANAIWAN
WIRRAAYARAAYWIRRAAY-WIRRAAY
WADI WADI (PIANGIL)BURABURA
HIMBERRONGMARRAWARRA
INUWONGALALI
YITHA YITHAMUTTI MUTTI / MUTHI MUTHI
NARI NARI YAYGIRR
YUGAMBALBUNDJALUNG
ARAKWALGIDHABALWIYABALGALIBAL
DINGGABALWAHLUBAL
WIYABALYUGAMBEH
MINYANGBALJANDAI
GEAWEGALDUUNGIDJAWU
MOONDJANNGOERAYUGARA
BUYIBARADALLAGUWAR
DJAGUNDAWAKKA WAKKA
GUBBI GUBBIWARRIMAY
BUTCHULLAYIMAN
GOORENG GOORENGTARIBELANGGUNGABULA
GOENG GOENGBIDJARA / BIDYARA
GARAYNBALWADJIGU
BIRPAIGANGULU
TULUABAIALI
YAGALINGUGAYIRI
GABULBARRADARUMBAL
WANGANBARADHA
GUWINMALNGAKUMIYAN
YAMBINAYANGGA
BARANHAYUWIBARA
YILBABIRIWIRIGIYA
NGARONGAMBAA
GUDJALBINDALYURU
YETIMARALA / YETIMAR-LA
GANULUMANDALGUYUGARABULGATHANG^NGARBAL
NULLA NULLADHANGGATI / DUNGHUTTI
BURRGATIBARYULGIL
BIRIHNCASINO LANGUAGEWARWICK DIALECT
NYANGBALMANANJAHLI
NERANG CREEKNGANDUWALNGARAHGWAL
GUMBAYNGGIRRWEHLUBALJAROWAIRWAPABARARAKIWARA
KARUNBARAGAMBALAMAM
TURUBULDUNGIBARAGARUMNGARWULLI WULLI
BAANBAYNALBO
MARBALNGARABALBADDALA
UNDANBIGURINGAYWUDJEBAL
NYMBOIDANYIRRAYGIRRYUNGGAYA
WALUWARRAWONGANYABULARNU
AYERRERENGEKALKATUNGU / KALKADOON
INDJILANDJIWAKABUNGAWUNUMARA
MAYI-THAKURTI / MITAKOODINGAWUN
MIDJAMBANGUBURINJI
WANGKAMANHA / WANKA-MADLA
MAYI-YAPIMBARA
BALGALUWAANYI
MAYI-KUTUNAMAYI-KULANMINGGINDAKALIBAMU
KUKATJGUNDARA
ULAOLINYAGANGGALIDDAGKUTHAARN
GARANDIKURTJAR
YUKULTA / GANGGALIDDAKAYARDILD
WALANGAMAYANGKAAL
LARDILOGERLIGA
KUNKALANYANGULUPULUPARNKARRA
DHIDHANIKAPULA
MAYI-YALIMARRAGOBUNDJIL
JANGRALARANGWA
KOK NARRRAKAYA
KOK NHANGBARINGKIRRI
INDJILADJILANIMA
WANGKA-YUTJURRU^PITTA PITTA
RINGU RINGUYALARNNGA
GUWAYANDA
WARRWAWALKIJARU
NYUL NYULUNGGUMI
BARDIJAWI
WORRORRANGARINYIN
GUWIJYAWURU
GIJA / KIJAWANYJIRRAWUNAMBAL
ANDEDJAWALADJANGARIMUNUMBURU
WOLYAMIDIBEMBA
ARAWARIMIRIWOONG / MIRIUWUNG
JUGUN
MALNGINWENAMBAL
YIIJIKULUWARRANG
JIYILWILAWILA
GUNINGAJIRRAWOONG
ARNGAMARIUNGGAMBERANYIKINAGINGARA
GALAMBURUWIRNGIRWORLAMIWA
WALARMANUNGU
DJERAGJULBAYIUMIDA
NGUMBARLDOOLBOONG
WAWARLNGARNAWUYAWIJIBAYAMARANGAN
UNGGARRANGUWINJARUMI
GINANBARUNJIN
GULUNGGULUBUNUBAMAILNGA
WULAMBANBAYIMBARRGIWAJBEMANDAJIN
EASTERN BUNUBAWESTERN BUNUBA
BAARDGOONIYANDI
NYININYJABIRR JABIRRNIMANBURRU
ADNYAMATHANHAPIRLATAPAWADIGALIARABANADHIRARI
KARENGGAPAGUNGADIDJI
DIERIYANDRUWANDHA^
DHIRAILANARUNGGA
MAMBANGURRAWAIDJINGA
NGAMINIYAWARRAWARRKA
NGURAWALAWANGKUMARAPUNTHAMARA
WANGKANGURRUKARANGURA
KUNANDABURINAUO / NAWUNANDUWARA
NGANDANGARAYARLUYANDI
KARANYAMARULAMITHAKA
KARUWALIPIRRIYA
GULUMALIKUNGKARI
WADJABANGAIKAURNA
MAIAWALIININGAI
YIRANDALIBIDJARA
YANDJIBARA
PARLPAMARDRAMARDRANHIRRPI
MATJANGANANHINAMARUNUDA
NUKUNUMIDHALIRI
MIKIRI-NGANHAWANGKAKUPA
PILTAPALTAWANGKATYAKA
WAILPIYARRUMADAMINKABARI
MUNDANBARANGADJURI
NGURA WOTAKADLI
MALINTJIJURA
PARPAGUNUNGURUNTA
PARLPAKURNUEASTERN WANGKAN-
GURRUWANGKUMARA
NORTHERN DHIRARIPARNKALLA
SOUTHERN DHIRARIYADLIAWARAMALYANGAPA
KUYANIGAMALANGGA
LIYAGAWUMIRRMARRI NGARRGUYAMIRRILILIRITHARRNGUGULUNGGURR
WÄGILAKYALUKAL
LIYAGALAWUMIRRGUYULAKUWEMA
LURLMARANGUMADARRPA
MARRANGALADHARR
GALWANUKBUDALPUDAL
DJAMBARRPUYNGUBILIN
BIRDINGALBIRRKILI
DHOLPUYNGUDHÄPUYNGU
DÄTIWUYDING DING
DJAMUNDJADJIRIN
MAYDYARA / MAIDJARAMALARDORDO
MANDATJAMANYDJALPUYNGU
MANDJIKAIMARRANGU
MARRUNGUNMILIWURU
MURRUNARRKALA
RAIJANGRALWIA
NGAYMILNUNGUDULBUY
DHUWAYAMURNGIN
DJARRWARKDHAY’YIMÄLARRA
PUNGUPUNGUWARNDARRANG
NGARNKAGUPAPUYNGU
DHURILIBUNANATJINI
DHÄMALAMIRR
GIGINUNYDJIRRPI
WUBUY / NUNGGUBUYUBARARRNGUMATNGALA
GOLPAWARRAMIRRIWURRUḺUḺ
WURUNGGUGUWANGURRIBURARRAYITHUWA
MANGGALILIBINBINKA
MAKARRWANHALMIRRGÄLPU
MARANUNGGURIRRATJINGU
GUMATJMARRAKULUDHALWANGU
DJARNBILAMANDYI
DJAPUMARRADHANGGIMIRRLAMAMI / LAMAMIRRI
GOBADEINDAMIRRBALAMUNUDHIYAKUY
KOONGURRUKUÑGALAWLWAN
ANINDILYAKWAWALU
YANYUWANYANGGAGARRWA^NALAWGINGAN’GI
MURRINH-KURAMURRINHDIMININ
EMMINGAN’GIMERRIMARRI TJEVIN
MARRI AMUMAGATI KEMARIYEDI
MARRABANGGUMARRANUMBU
NGAN-WIRLANGDJIMBILIRRIKERNIYN’MI
MARAMANINDJIGUMUNGGURDU
KUNDEDJNJENGHMIGUNGULUWALA
KUNINJKUGURRIGURRI
GALDUYHLETPURRIRTNGARLAHMI
NGORRKGOWONGARDAWULI
NGEN’GIWUMIRRIURRIRRK
WURDANGGIDJURRA
MANANGKARRIILGAR
BURDINMANDUWIJBININJ GUN-WOK /
BININJ KUNWOKGARIG
MUKNGIRRUJAMINJUNGGUN-NARDAGUN-NARTA
DHANGUGOLUMALABURALKA
DHAMARRANGDJINYEKUYMIRRI
WUTJARADHUWAL
DHUWALANGALIWURRU
NANGORMUNYUKUGUMADIRDJANGU
MANYARRINGMILDJINGIAIRIMAN
DJADIWITJIBIWORA
MUNGGURRPIDÄBITIWI
WALMAPUYNHANGU
GURRIYINDIBINDARARR
MENTHAJANGALMARRANJ
NGURRUWULABUWARRPUWARR
MININGGIRIMANGGURRA
LARRAKIAGIIMBIYU
MURALIDBANNGUNBUDJ
WANDANGBAGGONBUDJ
MERITJAMUIGIYUG
KARAMANBARARRPARARRNGALARRUNGAMALAK MALAK
YOLNGU MATHANANGIBLERBI
WARRAYYUNGGORWAGIMANNUNGALI
WUNAYILNGALIDJOWEI
BATJAMALHWULWULAM
KAMUGARAMA
WARDAMANBILINARRAUWINYMILWURRUGUDAGOMANIWAIDJA
MURRINH-PATHANGOMBURR
NGADUKBUGURNIDJALIMILNGANMBUKARLA
MAYALIMARRKU
OITBIAMURDAK
WAREIDBUGNAMBUGUJAGAAGUDJU
WADDA / WADAA / WADA
WIDJILG / WIDYILGMENGERRDJI
ERREGUNDUDJJAWOYN
JALAKURUWENGEJALURA
DALABONMAWNG
KUNWINJKUURNINGANGK
YANGMANKUNBARLANG
MENTHE / MANDAKUNE
GUNDJEIHMI
YAN-NHANGUREMBARRNGANDJEBBANAGURR-GONINGALKBON
NGALAKGANMANGARRAYIWALAMANGUMARRITHIYELNAKKARA
GUN-NARTPABURARRA
GANHALPUYNGUDJARAWALA / DYAR-
AWALAYUGUL
GADJALIVIAMANYARRINGWUBULKARRA
BUANNGAN’GIKURUNG-
GURRNGANDIGALWAALAWA
WOLGARADJINANGBALMBIWULAKI
DHAYGURRGURRDJINBA
MALARBARDJURADJWILINGURAMARRIDAN
KRIOLTORRES STRAIT
CREOLEBROOME PEARLING
LUGGER PIDGINABORIGINAL ENGLISH
NGAWADJTANGANEKALD
YIRAWIRUNGBUNGANDIDJ
MEINTANGKBINDJALI / BODARU-
WITJMARDIDJALI
WERGAIANGINTAIT
YUYUWARKI
DHAUWURD WUR-RUNG^KULIN
WARGA WARGADJADJALALATJI LATJIJARI JARI
KEERRAY WOOR-ROONG / KIRRAE
WHURRONGKNENKNENWURRUNG
DJAB WURRUNGJARDWADJALI
DADI DADIWATHAWURRUNG / WADAWURRUNG /
WATHAURONGRAMINDJERI
GULIDJANDJA DJA WURRUNG
KURUNGLEWURUNGWEKI WEKI
BOONWURRUNGWOIWURRUNGTAUNGURUNG
JABULAJABULA / YABULA YABULABRATAUALUNG
PORTAULUNBANGERANG / KWAT
KWAT / WAVEROOBRAYAKAULUNG
NIANNORTH MIDLANDS TASMA-
NIANSOUTH-EASTERN TASMANIANMACQUARIE HARBOUR TAS-
MANIANBEN LOMOND
BIG RIVER TASMANIANCAPE PORTLAND TASMANIAN
BALLARDONGYUAT
AMANGUWATJANTI
NHANDA / NANDADAGUDADAMALA
BULUGUDAMALGANA
YINGKARTABIBULMAN
MAYATHARRKARI
WARRIYANGGABAYUNGUBURDUNA
THIINTHALANYJI
JIWARLIMIRNANG / MINENG
NHUWALAYARNARRIJURRURU
BINIGURA / PINIKURAMARTUTHUNIRA
KURRAMAYINDJIBARNDI
NGARLUMAKARIYARRAWARDANDI
NGARLANOONGAR / NYUNGAR
NORTHERN YINGKARTAPULINYA
JANADJINAWATJANMAY
SOUTHERN YINGKARTAYAPURARRA
DJUNGUNDJAJADIRA
KANIYANGJINDIJINDMALYGARUNOKAANWIRLU
YINIGUDIRAJABURU
WEST NGARLUMAEAST NGARLUMA
YINDJIBARNDI PADUPADUNGARLUMA PADUPADU
GORENG / KORENGYINYJIWARNTI KURRAMA
MIJARRANYPAMARNTARTKA
NGAMANGAMARADJIRALY
KONGAL-MARAWARKONGAL-BOYALPURNUKUNDI
MARNDANJINGUBINDJAREB / PINJARUP
JAURNMALUWILMANWUDJARIWAJUK
GUGU GAI GAIUW OYKANGAND
TJAPATJAKUKU KULUNGGUR
KUKU WAKURADJABUGAY / TJAPUKAI
AREBAWAGAMAN
KUKU DJANGUN / DJUNGAN
WUTHATHIBULWAYYIRRGAYBINGGUNARKALIGUNGGAY
MBABARAMDJANDJANDJI
YIDINYWARIBARRA MAMU
MADJAYNGU'RAND
NJIRMANGADJON / NGADJAN
MAMUDYIRBAL / JIRRBAL
DJIRUTAGALAKAGULNGAYGIRRAMAY
GUGU BADHUNNYAWAIGILUTHIGH
BIYAYYANGAWAMIN
AGWAMINWARRUNGU
WARRGAMAYWULGURUKABA
MBARRUMBATHAMABINDAGA
GANGANDAGUNGGARBARA
UNJADIMADHIRDIRL
MBO'ARUMUNGGAN (WIK-)
UG WINDJILAWAIGUR
WALBORAMWALMBARDDHAWULBUDJIBUR
JABUNBARRA JIRRBALYANGATHIMRI
WALMALBARRAJIRRIBARRA MAMU
GAMBILBARRA DYIR-RBAL
BULUGUYBANMULGU
COONAMBELLAMARRETT RIVER LAN-
GUAGEMBARMBURMU
CHINA CAMPGUGU DYILINTEPPATHIGGI
GULUYKUKU JAKANDJI
NYAGALIKUKU YALAJA
WULBURAWANYURR
KUKU-YALUNYUDHALUNDHIRRWAGUURRGAKUUKU IYU
NGADHUGUDIKUUKU YANIOGH IGADJWIK IYANH
WIK-KEYANGANKUGU MANGK
KUGU UGBANHKUGU UWANH
WIK-IIYANHKUGU YI’ANH
WANTJIKAADYINURI / IDJ-INADJANA
NHAWALGABA
WESTERN AYAPATHUANDJINGITH
ATAMPAYA
WIK PAACHWIK OMPOMWIK ELKEN
KULKALGAW YAUMPITHAMU
WIK NGATHARRWIK EPA
WIK ME’NHWIK NGATHANMORROBOLAM
WIK NGATHANYAWIK MUNGKANKUGU NGANHCARA
KAWALGAW YAAYAPATHU
FLINDERS ISLAND
AMA AMBILMUNGU
BARROW POINTJUGAIWADHA
PAKANHAGHU THARNGGALA
WURANGUNGFLINDERS ISLAND
LANGUAGEBARABAN
KUUK THAAYORREDJAGARAGA
YUWULAGUGU RARMUL
YIR YORONTUW OLKOLAGUGU YAWA
A’RAGUGWANDERA
KUKU YALANJIGUUGU-NYIGUUDYI
ANGKAMUTHIKUKU-WARRA
KUKU WALANDJAGUUGU YIMIDHIRR
KUNJENKUKU THAYPAN
KOKO BERAKUKU BIDIDJI
KUKU BUYUNJIBANAMBILA
KUKU TUNGAYYADHAYKENU
KUKU NYUNGKULGONANIIN
KUKU YANYUKOKO DHAWA
KUKU MINIKUTJAL
GUGU JANMULURIDJI
KUKU WALDJA / WULPURA
KUKU YALANYU
TATUNGALUNGGUNDUNGERRE / YAITH-
MATHANGDHUDHUROABRABRALUNG
NGARIGU / NGARIGOWALGALU
KRAUATUNGALANGBIDAWAL
NGARALDAGUYANGAL
DYIRRINGAÑTHAWA
DHURGAWALBUNJA
WANDANDIANDHARAMBA
GURUNGADASOUTHERN DHARAWAL
LANGUAGEDHARAWAL / THARAWAL
PERAMANGKGUNDUNGURRA / GANDAN-
GARAEORA
KURINGGAIWONNARUA / WANARUAH
DHARUG / DARUGDARKINYUNG
AWABAKALYUIN
GUNAI / KURNAINGARRINDJERINGANGARUKU
BUIBADJALIGADUBANUD
WICHINTUNGADJARGURD WURRONG
GAIWURRUNGKOORNKOPANOOT
MOATATUNGABI:GWURRUNG
PINEJUNGATALOINJUNGANGAYAWANG
WIRNGILGNAD DHALI-NANONG
WULLUWURRUNGKOORT-KIRRUP
NGURAI-ILLAMWURRUNGJAGWADJALIBIWADJALI
PIRTPIRTWURRUNGNUNDADJALIWOTJOBALUK
WAYWURRU / PALLANGAN-MIDDANGYARALDI
MINJAMBUTANULIT
WATHURUNGNGARAD
JUPAGALKDJILAMATANG
HAWKESBURY RIVER-BRO-KEN BAY LANGUAGE
BANGERANG / KWAT KWAT /WAVEROO
SOUTHERN NGARIGUHUNTER RIVER – LAKE MAC-
QUARIE LANGUAGENGARKAT
SOUTH-WESTERN TASMA-NIAN
ROBBINS ISLAND TASMA-NIAN
CIRCULAR HEAD TASMANIANPORT SORELL TASMANIANPIPER RIVER TASMANIAN
LITTLE SWANPORT TASMA-NIAN
PALAWA KANINORTHERN TASMANIANOYSTER BAY TASMANIAN
NORTH-WESTERN TASMA-
URADHIAWNGTHIMMPAKWITHIMUTYANTHI
KOKINYTHYANNGAYTHULWAWADJANA
YUMUKUNTYIGUDANG
ANDOOYOMOUYUNGKUTHI
UTYANGIKWATHIYARIMANGGUDINHMA
ANGKULAOGH IKARRANGGAL
ALUNGULYUPUTHIMRI
KALA LAGAW YAKUUK YAK
OGH AWARRANGGNDRANGITH
KOKO BABANGKKOKO BEBERAM
NDWA’NGITHOGH UNDJAN
UW ELUW OLEMKOK WAP
ANGUTHIMRIKIRKA
UUTAALNGANUTHAYEMUNGAN
YIRRK THANGALKLKUUK THAAYUNTH
NGAYGUNGUKOKO-KOKO
CLEVELAND BAYALODJA
NYUWATHAYIBIYAYDI:RU
UWTALNGANKOKOBERRINKUGU MU’INHWIK TOTJAN
WUDJARDARUITHU
ADITHINNGITHIGHKUUKU YA’UMURAGAN
YARAYTYANAYATAY
WAKAMANDULGUBARRA MAMU
YINTYINGKAATHINA
INJINOO IKYAMABUYAG
WIMARANGATHAYNAKWITHMPALITJANHLINNGITHIGH
NTRWA’NGAYTHUNGAWANGADI
YINWUMKALAW KAWAW YA
LADAMNGIDMAMANGATHI
ALNGITHGUDJANDJU
ARITINNGITHIGHNGKOTH
TROTJYANGANYU
NTRA’NGITHMERIAM MIR
NDORNDORINMBEIWUMADYINGID
KUGU MUMINHKAANJU / KAANTJU
UMPILAWIK ADINDA
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUSLANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
Thank you for agreeing to complete this survey. The following survey will help us answer the question:
What is the current state of Indigenous languages in Australia? We are asking for information on each Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander language, such as the health and strength of the language, whether it is being passed on to young people, how and when it’s used, and what resources exist.
We are hoping to ask these questions about as many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages as possible. If you are completing this survey for more than one language, please complete a separate form for each language.
This survey can be completed online at:
https://aiatsis.gov.au/nilr.
If you have any questions, please contact the AIATSIS NILR team at the following address:
or
National Indigenous Languages Report AIATSIS, GPO Box 553 Canberra ACT 2601 ABN 62 020 533 641 02 6246 1111 aiatsis.gov.au
This is the PDF version of the online survey on our website. If you are having trouble with the online survey, you may complete this PDF electronically and send it to us at the above email address (handwritten or scanned forms are NOT preferred).
For Office Use Only:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
Office Use Only
Clearance No: EO100-21092018 Lee
Participant Information Sheet and Informed Consent Form Title: The National Indigenous Languages Report (NILR)
Researchers: Jason Lee, Ash Pollock-Harris, Jacqueline Battin
Organisation: The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS)
What is this survey about? The aim of this survey is to understand the current state of Indigenous languages in Australia.
The results will include information on each Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander language, such as the health and strength of the language, whether it is being passed on to young people, how and when it’s used, and what resources exist.
This will contribute to the National Indigenous Languages Report, which also includes research on the benefits of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages and the effect of government language policies and programs.
Definitions By Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander language, we mean all varieties of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, including varieties sometimes referred to as ‘dialects’, as well as non-traditional languages or local ways of talking, such as Kriol, Yumplatok (Torres Strait Creole), and Light Warlpiri.
By speaker, we mean people at any level, from those that can just speak some words and simple sentences of the language, to those who can fluently express anything in the language.
Who is involved in the project? This survey is being conducted by Jason Lee, Ash Pollock-Harris, and Jacqueline Battin, who work for AIATSIS.
The survey is funded by the Department of Communications and the Arts (DoCA). The organisations involved in the other parts of the National Indigenous Languages Report are the Australian National University and Cox Inall Ridgeway. For more information about what they are doing, please contact the project team at DoCA on [email protected].
Why have I been invited to participate? You have been invited to participate because we believe you have sufficient knowledge of one or more Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander languages and language communities. Your participation will help us understand the current state of the language(s) you know about, which will form an important part of the final results. We hope these results will be used to improve language policies and programs. However, DoCA emphasises that individual language funding is not directly linked to responses in this survey.
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
Your participation in this survey is voluntary. You do not have to answer any question that you do not want to answer. You can pull out at any time and it won’t change your relationship with the researcher(s) or anyone else. If you complete a survey and then later decide to pull out of the project, you will need to do this by March 2019.
What will the researcher(s) do and when? The researcher(s) are inviting people to complete this survey. In March 2019 the surveys will close and the researchers will analyse the results and write about the results. The final National Indigenous Languages Report will be available towards the end of 2019.
If you wish to participate, please complete a separate questionnaire for each language. Each survey may take some time as it asks some difficult questions, such as how many people speak the language. If you need help compiling this information, please contact us (our details are below).
What will happen to my information? The information you provide in the questionnaire will be used in creating a database of the results and in writing reports.
Any information that is obtained in connection with this survey and that can be identified with you will remain confidential unless otherwise permitted by you, or as required by law. To ensure the confidentiality of the information you provide, if you choose to remain anonymous we will remove any potentially identifiable information from your responses.
The researcher(s) can provide you with details on how to access the National Indigenous Languages Report.
Data storage and giving materials to AIATSIS During the project, the raw data will be stored in a password protected database until March 2019. The data will be anonymised (all information that could be used to identify you will be removed) unless otherwise permitted by you. The anonymised data will be stored on an open drive which only a staff member of AIATSIS can access, and which will be shared among partner organisations.
What are the potential risks? During the survey, you may experience difficult emotions such as sadness if your language is not strong. If this happens, you may wish to pull out. This is okay and it won’t change your relationship with the researcher(s) or anyone else. If you want to talk to someone about this, you can contact our research team on (02) 6246 1612.
Contact If you are worried about the survey, have questions, or would like help in completing the survey, you can contact:
Complaints I know that I can complain to:
• Dr Lisa Strelein, Executive Director of Research, AIATSIS, 51 Lawson Crescent, Acton ACT 2601, (p) 02 6246 1155, (e) [email protected].
• The Chair of the AIATSIS Research Ethics Committee, AIATSIS, 51 Lawson Crescent, Acton ACT 2601, (e) [email protected].
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF IDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages.
• If I think there has been a breach of my privacy I can write to the Office of the Australian InformationCommissioner, GPO Box 5218 Sydney NSW 2001 or call 1300 363 992.
Ethics Committee clearance The ethical aspects of this research project have been approved by the AIATSIS Human Research Ethics Committee.
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
Please note that you do not have to tick ‘Yes’ for every box in order to take part in the survey.
I understand what this project is about.* Yes No
I voluntarily agree to my participation in this study.* Yes No
I understand that I can withdraw from the project at any time.* Yes No
I agree that the researcher(s) can call me over the phone to conduct the survey.*
Yes No
I understand the potential risks and possible benefits of participating in this research.*
Yes No
I understand that the results of this research will be published in a public or other forum (as the National Indigenous Languages Report).*
Yes No
I understand that information gathered in this research that is confidential will be kept secure and destroyed after March 2019.*
Yes No
When the researchers share the information I give, I want my name and my organisation’s name, and information I give which could be used to identify me or my organisation, to also be shared.*
Yes No
(That is, I wish to remain anonymous)
If the researcher(s) wish to take what I write in the survey and quote it in the National Indigenous Languages Report, I give permission to be quoted.* If you choose to share your identification information in the previous question above, the quote will be attributed to you.
Yes No
(That is, I don’t give permission to be quoted)
I want the researcher(s) to give me a copy of the National Indigenous Languages Report that is produced as a result of this research.*
Yes No
I have read this Participant Information Sheet and Informed Consent Form and I agree with it.*
Yes No
*Note: An asterisk (*) marks compulsory questions. This survey requires the free, prior, and informed consent of participants. Ifyou do not give this consent, you will not be able to participate.
Name:
Organisation name:
Email:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
Thank you for agreeing to complete this survey. Please fill in the blanks or select the best answer from the ones provided.
1. What is the AIATSIS Language Code (e.g. D3) of the Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander language you aretelling us about?
You can see the AIATSIS Language Code (e.g. D3 or A80) and AIATSIS Reference Name from AUSTLANG: https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/search. If you cannot find the AIATSIS Language Code and AIATSIS Reference Name from AUSTLANG, please select the closest relevant AUSTLANG Code and Reference Name and/or comment below on the preferred language name and the reasons why it is preferred.
By Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander language, we mean all types of languages: all varieties of traditional languages, including varieties sometimes referred to as ‘dialects’; including languages that are being revived; as well as new or non-traditional languages or local ways of talking, such as Kriol, Yumplatok (Torres Strait Creole), and Light Warlpiri.
AIATSIS Language Code and Reference Name: (Please note, this field will populate automatically).
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
2. Which description best fits the current state of this language? Please select one option.
The language is used by all age groups, including all children. People in all age groups are full speakers.
The language is used by many age groups, but not all children are full speakers.
The language is used mostly by the parental generation and older. Only people in the parental generation and older are full speakers.
The language is used mostly by the grandparental generation and older. Only people in the grandparental generation and older may still understand the language.
The language is used mostly by the great-grandparental generation and older. Only people in the great-grandparental generation and older may remember some of the language and may not use it very often.
There is no one who can speak or remember the language.
The language has not been used as an everyday language for some time, but some people are now learning and speaking the language.
Don't know
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
3.a. How many people do you think speak this language? Please select one option. Please include speakers at any level, from those that can just speak some words and simple sentences of the language, to those who can fluently express anything in the language.
0
1-10
11-50
51-250
251-500
501-1000
More than 1000
Don't know
3.b. How certain are you of your answer to 3.a? Please select one option.
Very uncertain
1 2 3 4 5 Very certain
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
4.a. How many people in each age group do you think speak this language? Please select one option for each age group.
0-19 years
0 1-10 11-50 51-250 251-500 501-1000 More than 1000
Don’t know
20-39 years
0 1-10 11-50 51-250 251-500 501-1000 More than 1000
Don’t know
40-59 years
0 1-10 11-50 51-250 251-500 501-1000 More than 1000
Don’t know
60+ years
0 1-10 11-50 51-250 251-500 501-1000 More than 1000
Don’t know
4.b. How certain are you of your answers to 4.a? Please select one option.
Very uncertain
1 2 3 4 5 Very certain
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
5.a. How many people do you think speak this language in each ability category? Please select one option for each category.
Can only say some words and simple sentences.
0 1-10 11-50 51-250 251-500 501-1000 More than 1000
Don’t know
Can have a conversation in limited situations. They cannot express everything in the language (part speakers).
0 1-10 11-50 51-250 251-500 501-1000 More than 1000
Don’t know
Can have a conversation in all situations. They can express almost everything in the language (full speakers).
0 1-10 11-50 51-250 251-500 501-1000 More than 1000
Don’t know
5.b. How certain are you of your answers to 5.a? Please select one option
Very uncertain
1 2 3 4 5 Very certain
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
6. How many people that identify with the language group do you think can speak this language? Please select one option.
All
Nearly all
A majority
A minority
Very few
None
Don’t know
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
7. Which description best fits the current way this language is used by the language group or community? Please select one option.
This language is used in all situations for all purposes (talking with people at home and in public, thinking, entertainment, online, school, work, etc.).
In official situations the primary language is another language (such as English or Kriol), but in other situations people mostly use this Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander language.
This language is used in many situations including at home, but another language (such as English or Kriol) is also used in these situations.
This language is used in limited situations. Another language (such as English or Kriol) is used in most situations.
This language is only used in a very limited number of situations and for very few purposes, usually by very few people. Another language (such as English or Kriol) is used in almost all situations.
This language is not used at any place or at any time.
Don’t know
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
8. Which description best fits the sex of the speakers? Please select one option.
About half of the speakers are female, and the other half are male.
There are more female speakers than male speakers.
There are more male speakers than female speakers.
Don’t know
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
9. How many of the following activities have occurred in the past year for this language? If an activity has not happened in the last year, write 0. If you are unsure, leave the box blank.
Language nest
Language camp
Early childhood program
Master-Apprentice program
Community language class or workshop
Formal education class or program (e.g. at a school, university, or TAFE)
Teacher training
Curriculum development
Live performance or exhibition
Public language use (e.g. signage, welcome to country, cultural activities)
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
10. How many of the following resources currently exist? If a resource does not exist for this language, write 0. If you are unsure, leave the box blank.
Established writing system (orthography)
Language centre
Audio media (e.g. music, radio content or podcast)
Audio-visual media (e.g. TV, short film, documentary, or animation)
Computer program
Smartphone application
Information on the language on the Internet (e.g. website or social media)
Print media (e.g. in a newspaper or magazine)
Teaching/learning material
Interpreting/translating service
Research publication
Texts and stories
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
11. How many pages (in total) of texts and stories are you aware of for this language? Please select one option.
A total of more than 200 pages
A total of 100–200 pages
A total of 20–100 pages
A total of less than 20 pages
Don't know
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
12. Please provide the following information for any dictionaries and/or word lists that you are aware of for this language. Please complete as many as are applicable for the language. If a word list/dictionary has more than one part (e.g. Indigenous–English; English–Indigenous; topical; alphabetical list), please only include the number of pages of the Indigenous–English part or alphabetical part.
Title
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Year
Publisher
Size
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
13. Please provide the following information for any unpublished electronic dictionary databases (e.g. Shoebox, Toolbox, FLEx, Miromaa, etc) that you are aware of for this language. Please complete as many as are applicable for the language.
Type (e.g. Toolbox)
Last updated
Number of items
Location of copies
Type (e.g. Toolbox)
Last updated
Number of items
Location of copies
Type (e.g. Toolbox)
Last updated
Number of items
Location of copies
Type (e.g. Toolbox)
Last updated
Number of items
Location of copies
Type (e.g. Toolbox)
Last updated
Number of items
Location of copies
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
14. Please provide the following information for any grammars that you are aware of for this language. Please complete as many as are applicable for the language. If an item also contains a word list, please only include the number of pages of grammatical description.
Title
Author
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Author
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Author
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Author
Year
Publisher
Size
Title
Author
Year
Publisher
Size
Comments:
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
15. How many hours (in total) of audio/audio-visual recordings are you aware of for this language? Please select one option.
More than 10 hours
Between 1 and 10 hours
Less than 1 hour
None
Don't know
Comments:
16. Please tell us about training opportunities for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who wish to work as language workers or teachers of this language. For example, tell us about formal and informal training that has happened, what kind of training, when that training occurred, how many people have gone through such training, how many people want such training, etc.
17. Please tell us about people from this language group’s involvement with the above resources and activities in this language (in questions 9 to 16). Please tell us about availability, access, use, etc. Please also tell us about other local Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people’s involvement with the above resources and activities.
NATIONAL INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES REPORT (NILR)
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN AUSTRALIA?
Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages
18. Please tell us about the local non-Indigenous community’s involvement with this language, especially inrelation to the resources and activities discussed in questions 9 to 16.(e.g. language learning, use of language resources, demand for language resources, participation in language activities, etc.). Please include actual numbers of people if possible.
19. Please tell us about any other things you would like to say about this language.
Thank you for taking the time to complete this survey. Please either press the Submit button when ready, or save and email this completed form as an attachment to [email protected].