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Natural Selection
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Fur color Brown Tan Black White
Age at death 6 months 8 months 4 months 2 months# of pups 6 12 2 0Running speed 8 m/ min 6 m/ min 9 m/ min 7 m/ min
Other Bit 5 birds that tried to attack
her pups.
Chases off 2 snakes that
wanted to eat her pups.
Relocated her pups after her
den was flooded during
high tide.
Had the deepest and
most well hidden den on
the beach.
Which mouse is the fittest? Why?
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Adaptation is one of the life
processes carried out by all living
things.
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The organisms best suited to their
environment have more chance of survival if the species falls upon hard
times.
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This idea is known as survival of the survival of the
fittestfittest.
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Natural selection is the process by which these “fit” individuals survive & reproduce to pass on the advantageous traits to their offspring.
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This provides a mechanism for an
entire population to adapt to the
environment & thus will ensure survival.
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Charles Charles Darwin’s Darwin’s
was a was a biologistbiologist
who studied who studied animals of animals of
the the Galapagos Galapagos Islands in Islands in
1835.1835.
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Darwin studied finches and Darwin studied finches and how their beak how their beak adaptationsadaptations have allowed them to adapt have allowed them to adapt to take advantage of food to take advantage of food
sources in different sources in different ecological nichesecological niches..
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His studies led him to come His studies led him to come up with a up with a theorytheory based on based on
the process of natural the process of natural selection.selection.
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Charles Charles Darwin’s Darwin’s Theory of Theory of Natural Natural
Selection:Selection:
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Organisms produce more offspring than
can survive.
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There is competition among offspring for food, space & other
resources.
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There are variations among the offspring of an organism caused by
genetic differences.
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Individuals with certain traits are better suited to survive in their
environment than those without the
traits
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Organisms that survive & reproduce pass the genes for their useful
traits to the next generation.
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Adaptations can only happen if there is variety within the offspring of a species.
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This variety is caused by genetic variation, the normal differences that exist among individuals of the same species.
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Greater variation can be caused by
mutations which are caused by random changes in genes.
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Mutations can be helpful or
harmful.
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Selective breeding is the process of
breeding plants and animals for particular
genetic traits.
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Selective breeding is most often seen with domestic animals like cats and dogs which are bred for specific traits such as size, health, looks, fur type, or their specialized job.
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Selective breeding is also common in
organisms used for consumption such as cattle, chickens, pigs, fruits and vegetables.
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Traits that are favorable in these organisms include
growth rate, survival rate, disease
resistance, and meat/ egg/ flesh quality.
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Fur color Brown Tan Black White
Age at death 6 months 8 months 4 months 2 months# of pups 6 12 2 0Running speed 8 m/ min 6 m/ min 9 m/ min 7 m/ min
Other Bit 5 birds that tried to attack
her pups.
Chases off 2 snakes that
wanted to eat her pups.
Relocated her pups after her
den was flooded during
high tide.
Had the deepest and
most well hidden den on
the beach.
NOW? Which mouse is the fittest? Why?