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Network IQ Training ManualChapter 4 - Fibre Optic Hardware
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Resources | Glossary | Help Fibre Optic Hardware
Common Hardware SelectionPurpose of HardwareLocation of HardwareFibre CountEnvironmental considerations
Common Termination SolutionsPigtail SplicingField Installed connectorsPre-terminated cable assemblies
Recommended Installation PracticesTermination MethodCable ManagementRouting within the cabinet
Summary
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Resources | Glossary | Help Purpose of Hardware
Fibre optic hardware is used to:Provide protection to fibre terminations and/or splicesProvide a location where patching and Moves, Adds and Changes (MACs) can take placeProvide an end point to cables for testing purposesIntelligent patching actively monitors physical layer connections
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Direct Termination
Hardware with Splice Option
Fibre Count
• Capacity of the hardware should match the fibre count of the cables being terminated
• Capacity of a product is dictated by:– number of ports on the
patching field– number of splices in the
splice trays– number and size of cables
(accessories for grounding and strain relieving)
Fiber Count is 72
Fiber Count is 288
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Resources | Glossary | Help Different Choices from small to DataCentre
Data Centre Equipment – High Density in 1U – 4U up to over 3000 ports in 4U
Local Area Network Hardware with low to
medium density
24 – 288 fibre ports
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Wall mountable hardwareFloor mountable hardware
Location of Hardware
• Hardware can be installed in a number of different locations
– Inside a rack or cabinet– On a bare wall– Fitted into a wall
mounted raceway or conduit
– Fitted under a raised floor
– Environment: indoor, outdoor, industrial
Rack mountable hardware
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Resources | Glossary | Help Environmental considerations Ingress Protection (IP) Rating
• Is the hardware installed inside or outside?– Externally mounted hardware
should be water tight
• Ingress Protection requirements– Defined in EN 60529– e.g. IP67 = ingress protection
from dust and can be placed short-term under water
• IP 69K defined in German DIN 40050-9 high-pressure (80-100bar) and steam (80°C) cleaning
• In US: NEMA rating (National Electrical Manufacturers Association)
1st Digit: Solid objectProtection
2nd Digit: MoistureProtection
0 No protection 0 No Protection
1 Protected against solid objects > 50mm
1 Protected against dripping
2 Protected against solid objects > 12mm
2 Protected against dripping water when tilited < 15°
3 Protected against solid objects > 2.5mm
3 Protected against spraying water
4 Protected against solid objects > 1.0mm
4 Protected against splashing water
5 Dust protection 5 Protected against water jets
6 Dust tight 6 Protected against heavy seas
EN 60529 does not address risk of explosion or moisture condition e.g. caused by condensation, corrosive vapor, fungus, insects
7 Protected against immersion
8 Protected against submersion
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• Routing of cable to hardware• Slack storage and management• Cable Management• Installation of cable into hardware
– Pre-terminated cable installation– Field terminated cable installation
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Adequate containment for the cables should be provided either overhead or
under the raised floor
Power, fibre and copper cables are usually kept separated
Containment can either be a solid plastic structure which fits together to
create a pathway…..
…or can be a metal mesh framework
that can be cut and shaped to create
the pathway
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Service loops
should always be provided on the network
Service loops allow the installer to:
Work at a convenient location
Reconfigure or move the hardware if required
Re-terminate the cable in the event of errors
Service loops should be:
About 1.5m long
In or under the server cabinet
At every third floor in the building riser
Where the main incoming cable enters the building
If possible, service loops should be stored on the containment on dedicated tray work
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• Most important sellable feature of optical hardware
• Where end-user interface occurs• Helps to maintain fiber radius• Aids the overall management of
the physical layer in the closet
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Resources | Glossary | Help Cable Management from this….
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Resources | Glossary | Help …to this structure
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Cable entry using PG glandHardware specific strain relief
Installation of Cables into Hardware
Cable entry into the hardware is through either a cable gland or a slot in the hardware.
Number, size and type of cable must be taken into account when choosing the hardware.
Cables should be strain relieved to prevent damage to the exposed fibres should the cable be pulled.
Provide strain relief accessories for all cable to be terminated
Armoured cables requires grounding features and accessories
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Resources | Glossary | Help Termination Methods
There are three ways of terminating fibres within a piece of hardware
Pigtail SplicingAccessories are required to house the splices
Hardware should have the provision to hold the splice trays
Hardware must have space to store cable or buffer tube slack
Direct-/ Field terminationHardware must have space to store 900µm fibres or buffer tube fan out kits
No additional accessories (eg. Splice trays) are required
Pre-terminated cablesHardware must have a slotted cable entry feature (not glanded)
Hardware must have space to store cable leg length
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Field cables prepared and mounted in rear of panel;
field fibres routed to splice cassettes
Pigtail fibres prepared and routed to splice cassettes
Splice cassettes selected with
correct organizers: Heat shrink fusion protectorCrimp fusion protectorMechanical splice
Patching area (adapters)
and pigtailsSelect connector style and
fibre type
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Once cables are strain relieved, they can be stripped back to expose the fibres.
Field installable connectors are then fitted and plugged into the adaptors.
Loose tube cables require furcation tubing
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Resources | Glossary | Help Pre-terminated, Modular System: Plug & Play/EDGE
• Saves Installation Time• Factory Tested• Consists of 3 modular components
1. Trunk – Small diameter, high fibre count (up to 144f)– Pulling grip protects connectors to 45Kg
2. Harness– Break out MTP connector for direct attach to actives
3. Module– Break out MTP connector to preferred single-fibre connector at patch panel
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Furcation of pre-terminated cables requires “epoxy plug”
Epoxy plug is typically strain-relief point of cable
Hardware should have easy-to-install solutions for epoxy plug
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Resources | Glossary | Help Closures
Choice of closure determined by: MountingCapacityMid-span possibilityType of cables (accessories)
Mounting:Direct buried/handholeAerialPole/wall (manhole) mounting
Capacity determined by Number of splicesType of splice protectorsNumber and size of cablesNumber of buffer tubes
Type of cables:Armoured (grounding features + grounding kits)
Direct buried(in-line)
Handhole(in-line) (dome)
Aerial (in-line)
Pole mounting (dome)
Splice capacity: ≤ 168 (heat-shrink or crimp)
Cables # ≤ 4; Ø ≤ 21 mm
Buffer tubes ≤ 28 per side
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Resources | Glossary | Help Summary - Fibre Optic Hardware
Mounting Options
Wall
Floor
Rack
Termination OptionsPigtail Splicing
Direct Termination
Pre-terminated
Important Considerations During Installation
Strain-relief of cable
Proper fibre/cable routing
Slack storage
Environmental protection
ClosuresSpecial Solutions (see Reference pages)
Intelligent HardwareHigh Density