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NEW, MODERN TEXTILES
AS WRAPPING MATERIAL
FOR STERILIZATION
Beti Rogina-Car, Ph.D.
Vlatka Turcic, M. Sc.
Ana Budimir, Ph. D.
Drago Katovic, Ph.D.
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BETI ROGINA-CAR, PH.D.
VLATKA TURCIC, M. SC.
ANA BUDIMIR, PH. D.
DRAGO KATOVIC, PH.D.
2
This scientific research was conducted for the dissertation of candidate Beti Rogina – Car in cooperation with: • Faculty of Textile Technology Zagreb • University Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia
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THE USE OF TEXTILES IN MEDICINE
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THE USE OF TEXTILES IN
STERILIZATION
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• undeclared quality
• microbial barrier - questionable
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COTTON
No data about a range of other characteristics of cotton fabrics
required for ensuring microbial barrier
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UNDER APPROPRIATE CONDITIONS OF HUMIDITY AND
TEMPERATURE, MOST MEDICAL TEXTILES MADE OF
NATURAL FIBERS PRESENT AN EXCELLENT BASIS
FOR BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL GROWTH
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Three types of textiles were selected for testing:
• Cotton/PES 50%/50%
• Tencel ® 100% (lyocell fibres with trade name)
• Three-layer textile laminate PES/PU/PES
(known as operating, OP laminate )
All of declared and standardized quality
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NEW MEDICAL TEXTILES
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DIFFERENCES IN THE STRUCTURE AND FORM
Cotton/PES Tencel ® OP Laminate
®
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All samples were tested after multiple washing and sterilization: For mechanical influences (strength and elongation)
For air permeability For permeability of microorganisms in dry conditions of extreme contamination For permeability of microorganisms after storage
in controlled storage conditions
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Each sample was tested
on a dynamometer for
strength and elongation
before washing
and sterilization
after the 1th, 10th, 20th,
30th and 50th washing
and sterilization
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STRENGTH AND ELONGATION
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Mechanical influences
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0W+S 1W+S 10W+S 20W+S 30W+S 50W+S
PES/pamuk 50%/50%
Broj procesa pranja i sterilizacije
Fp
(N
)
0,00
5,00
10,00
15,00
20,00
25,00
%F(N)
Є (%)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0W+S 1W+S 10W+S 20W+S 30W+S 50W+S
Tencel®
Broj procesa pranja i sterilizacije
Fp
(N
)
0,00
5,00
10,00
15,00
20,00
25,00
%
F(N)
Є (%)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0W+S 1W+S 10W+S 20W+S 30W+S 50W+S
Troslojni tekstilni laminat PES/PU/PES
Broj procesa pranja i sterilizacije
Fp
(N
)
0,00
10,00
20,00
30,00
40,00
50,00
60,00
70,00
80,00
90,00
%
Fp(N)
Є (%)
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RESULTS 1 ,10, 20, 30, 50 W & S
(strength and elongation)
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Textile material shrinks during
washing and sterilization which
results that the density of the fabric
increases while the penetration
of air and microorganisms decreases
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AIR AND MICROORGANISMS PERMEABILITY
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RESULTS
Changes in density of PES/cotton
0W+S 10W+S 20W+S 30W+S 50W+S
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RESULTS
Changes in density of Tencel®
0W+S 10W+S 20W+S 30W+S 50W+S
Changes in density
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RESULTS
Changes in density of three-layer textile laminate PES/PU/PES
0W+S 10W+S 20W+S 30W+S 50W+S
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AIR PERMEABILITY
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RESULTS
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• Three-layer textile laminate is completely air impermeable due
to its polyurethane membrane.
However, it should be noted it is
permeable to a sterilization medium
which gives it a basic criteria for
sterilization
• In the PES/cotton and Tencel® blend,
it is visible that air permeability
continuously decreases after washing
and sterilization which can be
explained with the fact that the textile
shrinks during washing and sterilization
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RESULTS
AIR PERMEABILITY
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In dry conditions of
extreme contamination
After storage in controlled storage conditions
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
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PES/Coton 50%/50%
1W+S 10W+S 20W+S 30W+S 50W+S
Process of washing and sterilization
Three-layer textile laminate PES/PU/PES
Tencel®
Storage 1, 2 and 3 months Permeability
test 3 x 30 pcs
3 x 6 pcs
Ʃ 360 pcs
3 x 30 pcs
3 x 30 pcs
3 x 30 pcs
Ʃ 90 pcs
3 x 6 pcs
3 x 6 pcs
3 x 6 pcs
3 x 6 pcs
RESEARCH PLAN
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Constructed and executed device
for testing microbial barrier efficiency of medical textiles
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
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134 ⁰C/5 min STERILIZATION
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Bacterial endospores
Geobacillus Stearotermophilus 10⁵
and
Bacillus Atrophaeus 10⁶ were used 23
PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
IN DRY CONDITIONS OF EXTREME CONTAMINATION
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
INCUBATION 48 h + 35 C
INCUBATION 24 h
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
Process of collecting prints from the test samples, using CT3P agar plates
Lower side Upper side
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
PES/cotton FRONT
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RESULTS
BACK
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
Tencel® FRONT BACK
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RESULTS
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Three-layer textile laminate PES/PU/PES
BACK FRONT
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RESULTS
PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
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Samples
No. of washing and sterilization
processses
CFU on the front of the taxtile
CFU on the back of the taxtile
Front - back ration CFU
Samples I PES/cotton 50%/50%
1 W + S 356 11 32:1
10 W + S 275 14 20:1
20 W + S 318 9 35:1
30 W + S 286 7 41:1
50 W ‘S 396 2 198:1
Samples II 100% Tencel®
1 W + S 419 7 60:1
10 W + S 359 8 45:1
20 W + S 294 2 147:1
30 W + S 182 3 60:1
50 W + S 341 2 170:1
Samples III Three-layer textile laminate PES/PU/PES
1 W + S 155 0 -
10 W + S 167 0 -
20 W + S 175 0 -
30 W + S 132 0 -
50 W + S 464 0 -
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RESULTS PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
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RESULTS
PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
Regression analysis of how washing and sterilization affects microbial barrier permeability in medical textiles
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
IN CONTROLLED STORAGE CONDITIONS
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Microclimate conditions
Temperature: 15 – 30 C
Relative humidity : 30 – 60%
PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
IN CONTROLLED STORAGE CONDITIONS
The material to be stored on shelves must be located:
25 cm from the floor, 45 cm from the ceiling
5 cm from the walls
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Brain-Heart liquid broth
INCUBATION 48 h + 35°C
PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
IN CONTROLLED STORAGE CONDITIONS
CLARITY OF THE BROTH
Absorbing paper 1cm²
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PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
IN CONTROLLED STORAGE CONDITIONS
Brain-Heart liquid broth
0,5 ml
INCUBATION 48 h + 35°C COUNTING OF
BACTERIAL COLONIES
BLOOD AGAR
Absorbing paper 1cm²
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Samples
Number of washing and sterilization procedures
Storage time
1 month 2 months 3 months
Samples I PES/cotton 50%/50%
10 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NGM
20 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
30 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
50 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
Samples II 100% Tencel®
10 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
20 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
30 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
50 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
Samples III Three-layer textile laminate PES/PU/PES
10 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
20 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
30 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
50 washings & sterilizations NMG NMG NMG
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RESULTS
PERMEABILITY OF MICROORGANISMS
IN CONTROLLED STORAGE CONDITIONS
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3 TYPES OF TEXTILES (cotton/PES, Tencel®, PES/PU/PES)
Strenght
Tencel ®
Cotton/PES
Elongation
PES/PU/PES
Tencel ®
Air permeability
Tencel ®
PES/PU/PES
Permeability for microorganisms
Cotton/PES PES/PU/PES
Permeability for microorganisms after storage
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It is evident that Tencel is the most resistant one to tearing, while OP laminate recorded the highest level of elongation. The most permeable to air is Tencel, while the three-layer laminate is completely impermeable to air and microorganisms. The worst characteristics showed a cotton / PES. Nevertheless, none of the tested textile material is not permeable for microorganisms after storage of three months. Electronic microscope recorded damages on membranes of the OP laminate after 50 washings and sterilization, which were not present after 30 procedures.
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BETORE THE CONCLUSION
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The tested cellulosic textiles and three-layer textile laminate, even in one layer can be used as wrapping material for sterilization under conditions described in the research and provide a microbial barrier after sterilization. Microbial barrier is safe against contamination during the test period of 3 months and after 50 washing and 50 sterilization procedures.
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C O N C L U S I O N
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Thank you for your attention
Have a nice rest of the day
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