Transcript
Page 1: New Noctuida taxa froem Asia Minor and th Caucasue s ...publication.nhmus.hu/pdf/annHNHM/Annals_HNHM_1990_Vol_82_155.… · New Noctuida taxa froem Asia Minor and th Caucasue s (Lepidoptera,

ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 82. Budapest, 1990 p. 155-162.

New Noctuidae taxa from Asia Minor and the Caucasus (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)*

by L. RONKAY, Budapest

RONKAY, L.: New N o c t u i d a e t a x a f r o m A s i a M i n o r and t h e Caucasus ( L e p i d o p t e ­r a , N o c t u i d a e ) . - A n n l s h i s t . - n a t . Mus, n a t n . h u n g . 1 9 9 0 , 8_2: 1 55-162.

A b s t r a c t - D e s c r i p t i o n s o f C e r a p t e r y x megala t u g a n i s s p . n. (NE C a u c a s u s , NE T u r k e y ) , C u c u l l i a b e h o u n e k i k o r s o s i s s p . FT! (NE C a u c a s u s ) and A p u p e s t e s noe sp. n. ( T u r k e y , NE Cauca s u s ) a r e g i v e n . W i t h 17 f i g u r e s .

I n t h e l a s t two y e a r s H u n g a r i a n z o o l o g i s t s i n v e s t i g a t e d t h e f a u n a o f t h e NE Caucasus as p a r t i c i p a n t s o f t h r e e i n t e r n a t i o n a l z o o l o g i c a l e x p e d i t i o n s . The l e p i d o p t e r o l o g i c a l s t u d i e s r e s u l t e d , b e s i d e s a l a r g e amount o f new d i s ­t r i b u t i o n d a t a , t h e d i s c o v e r y o f some new N o c t u i d a e t a x a . The more d e t a i l e d s u r v e y o f t h e e x p e d i t i o n s i s g i v e n by HERCZIG e t a l . ( 1 9 9 0 ) , and a p a r t o f t h e new t a x a i s d e s c r i b e d h e r e .

C e r a p t e r y x m e g a l a t u g a n i s s p . n. ( F i g s 1-3, 11)

H o l o t y p e - m a l e , USSR, C h e c h e n - I n g o u s ASSR, Caucasus N, K e z e n o i -am, 2100 m, 5- 6 . V I 11.1988 , l e g . HERCZIG, M É S Z Á R O S e t SZEOKE. S l i d e No. 2990 R0NKAY ( c o l l . HNHM).

P a r a t y p e s - s e v e r a l m a l e s f r o m t h e same l o c a l i t y , 5 - 6 . V111 .1988 and 11-14. I X . 1990, c o l l . HNHM, HERCZIG, S Z E Ő K E , R0NKAY, F Á B I Á N , HREBLAY, GYU­L A I , M É S Z Á R O S ; 7 m a l e s , T u r k e y , P r o v . A g r i , T a h i r G e c i d i , 1900-2000 m, 7 km W of A y d i n t e p e , 5 - 6 . 0 8 . 1 9 8 8 , l e g . GYULAI, HREBLAY, RONKAY e t RONKAY ( c o l l . HNHM and t h e c o l l e c t i o n s o f t h e c o l l e c t o r s ) ; 1 m a l e , T u r k e y , P r o v . A r t v i n , 5 km E Heveg ( = Y a y l a l a r ) , 1800 m, 0 3 - 0 8 . 0 8 . 1 9 8 3 , l e g . DeFREINA ( c o l l . DeFREINA). S l i d e s Nos 2845, 2991 RONKAY.

D e s c r i p t i o n - The w e s t e r n r a c e o f C e r a p t e r y x megala (ALPHERA-KY, 1 8 8 2 ) bona s p . ( v s . POOLE 19 8 9 ) i s s i m i l a r i n e x t e r n a l a p p e a r a n c e t o t h e n o m i n a t e megala b u t d i f f e r s f r o m i t by t h e f o l l o w i n g f e a t u r e s : t h e g r o u n d c o ­l o u r o f t h e f o r e w i n g s o f t u g a n i i s d a r k e r b r o w n , t h e w i n g p a t t e r n i s more c o n t r a s t y , t h e m e d i a n a r e a i s n a r r o w e r and d a r k e r , t h e s u b t e r m i n a l l i n e i s l e s s waved and t h e i n n e r p a r t o f t h e m a r g i n a l f i e l d i s u s u a l l y l i g h t e r . The o u t e r p a r t s o f w i n g s a r e d a r k e r on u n d e r s i d e , t h e m a r g i n a l s u f f u s i o n o f h i n d w i n g s i s w i d e r i n t u g a n i and i t s b o r d e r s u s u a l l y d e f i n e d by t h e d i f f u s e s t r i p e o f t h e t r a n s v e r s e l i n e .

The m a l e g e n i t a l i a o f t h e C e r a p t e r y x s p e c i e s a r e i l l u s t r a t e d i n F i g s 1 - 1 1 . The d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n g r a m i n i s (LINNAEUS, 1 7 5 8 ) , m e g a l a and m e g a l a t u g a n i a r e r e l a t i v e l y s l i g h t b u t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c : t h e c u c u l l u s o f g r a m i n i s i s c o n c a v e , t h e h a r p e i s n a r r o w and c u r v e d , t h e p o l l e x i s s h o r t and w i d e . The

R e s u l t s o f t h e C h e c h e n - I n g o u s - H u n g a r i a n Z o o l o g i c a l e x p e d i t i o n s , No. 3.

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F i g s 1-3. C e r a p t e r y x m e g a l a t u g a n i s s p . n.: 1= h o l o t y p e , 2-3= p a r a t y p e s , USSR, Cauca s u s

d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n t h e two r a c e s o f m e g a l a , as c o m p a r e d w i t h t h o s e o f g r a m i ­ n i s and m e g a l a , a r e c o n s p i c u o u s : t h e new r a c e has s i g n i f i c a n t l y l a r g e r and w i d e r v a l v a ( t h e s i z e o f t h e body and t h e w i n g s a r e more o r l e s s t h e s a m e ! ) , l o n g e r c u c u l l u s , l a r g e r and more f l a t t e n e d h a r p e , l o n g e r and more h e l i c o i d v e s i c a .

The p o p u l a t i o n s l i v i n g i n t h e Caucasus and NE T u r k e y a r e v e r y p r o b a b l y s e p a r a t e d f r o m megala on s p e c i f i c l e v e l , b u t t h e e n t i r e l y a l l o p a t r i c d i s t r i ­b u t i o n , t h e r e l a t i v e l y s m a l l g e n i t a l d i f f e r e n c e s i n t h e genus ( a n d t h e l a c k o f t h e f e m a l e ) g i v e t h e r e a s o n t o t r e a t them as t h e w e s t e r n s u b s p e c i e s o f me­ g a l a .

The genus C e r a p t e r y x CURTIS, 1833 f o r m s a w e l l - d e f i n e d g r o u p w i t h t h e c l o s e l y a l l i e d M o n o s t o l a ALPHERAKY, 1892 ( t y p e : a s i a t i c a ALPHERAKY, 1 8 9 2 , t h e m a i s c l a s p i n g a p p a r a t u s i s i l l u s t r a t e d i n F i g . 6 ) . Ï T c o n t a i n s s i x s p e c i e s (POOLE, 1 9 8 9 ) w h i c h b e l o n g a t l e a s t i n t o t w o , v e r y p r o b a b l y n o t m o n o p h y l e t i c l i n e a g e s , as t h e SE C h i n e s e t a x a ( f u m o s a DRAUOT, 1950 and p o e c i l a DRAUDT, 195 0 ) s h o u l d be v e r y c l o s e t o some SE A s i a n O r t h o s i a OCHSENHEIMER, 1816 sp e ­c i e s ( e . g . a l i s h a n a SUGI, 1 9 8 6 ) , s i n c e a l b i c e p s HAMPSON, 1894 shows a f f i n i t y t o o t h e r " H a d e n i n a e " g r o u p s . O n l y a d e t a i l e d r e v i s i o n o f t h e SE A s i a n and H i ­m a l a y a n H a d e n i n a e can c l a r i f y t h e e x a c t r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f t h e t e m p e r a t e H o l -a r c t i c H a d e n i n a e ( s e n s u HAMPSON).

C u c u l l i a b e h o u n e k i k o r s o s i s s p . n.

H o l o t y p e - m a l e , "USSR, E C a u c a s u s , D a g h e s t a n ASSR, K u r u s h , Ku-r u s h S t a t i o n , 2400 m, 7 - 1 1 . V I I . 1989 , l e g . Z. K o r s ó s " ( c o l l . HNHM).

P a r a t y p e s - 2 m a l e s , 1 f e m a l e f r o m t h e same l o c a l i t y and d a t a ; 1 m a l e , USSR, N C a u c a s u s , K a b a r d i n o - B a l k a r i a n ASSR, T e r s k o l , MT. C h e g e t , 2 1 - 2 7 . V I I . 1 9 8 1 , l e g . POLTAVSKI ( p a r a t y p e o f C. b e h o u n e k i ) ( c o l 1 . HNHM). S l i d e No. 0513 BEHOUNEK ( m a l e ) .

D e s c r i p t i o n - The new s u b s p e c i e s o f C. b e h o u n e k i r e s e m b l e s t o a v e r y l a r g e and d a r k b e h o u n e k i b e h o u n e k i HACKER e t RONKAY, 1988 o r a l i g h t C. l u c i f u g a ( [ D E N I S e t SCHI FFERMULLER], 1 7 7 5 ) . I t d i f f e r s f r o m t h e f o r m e r by i t s l a r g e r s i z e ( 5 2 - 5 4 mm) and b r o a d e r w i n g s , d a r k e r b l u i s h - g r e y g r o u n d c o ­l o u r o f f o r e w i n g w i t h more o r l e s s s t r o n g d a r k s u f f u s i o n ( e s p e c i a l l y a t i n -

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F i g s 4-5. C e r a p t e r y x megala ALPHERAKY : 4= J u l d u s , 5= I s s y k - K u l

n e r m a r g i n ) , l e s s c o n s p i c u o u s d a r k e r p a t t e r n ( t r a n s v e r s e l i n e s , s t i g m a t a , b l a c k s t r e a k s o f m a r g i n a l f i e l d ) , l e s s w h i t i s h h i n d w i n g and d a r k e r b l a c k i s h -g r e y p u b e s c e n c e o f t h o r a x . The g e n i t a l i a o f t h e two r a c e s show no s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s . The o t h e r s i m i l a r s p e c i e s , l u c i f u g a has s t r o n g l y d i f f e r e n t g e n i ­t a l c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f b o t h s e x e s .

The new s u b s p e c i e s i s known f r o m t h e n o r t h e r n s i d e o f t h e C and E Cauca­sus s i n c e t h e n o m i n a t e r a c e i s d i s t r i b u t e d f r o m C T u r k e y (Gürün) s o u t h - e a s t ­wards t o t h e Lake Van and t h e H a k k a r i M t s . and NE t o t h e K a r a s u - A r a s M t s . ( P r o v . A g r i ) .

A p o p e s t e s noe s p . n. ( F i g s 1 2 - 1 5 )

H o 1 o t B a r t h a " ( c o l l .

P a r a t M a l a t i a ( c o l l .

y p e • HNHM). y p e s

HNHM)

m a l e , " S y r . s e p t . T a u r u s , M a r a s c h , V I I . 2 9 , " c o l l .

5 m a l e s f r o m same l o c a l i t y ( c o l l . HNHM); 1 m a l e 1 f e m a l e , " A s i a m i n o r , K a r a d j a Bey, A j t a y - K o v á c s

( c o l l . HNHM); 1 m a l e , T u r k e y , Tuz G o l d , 25. I V . 1 9 9 0 , l e g . e t c o l l . G. P.CNKAY 28 m a l e s and f e m a l e s f r o m USSR, C h e c h e n - I n g o u s ASSR, Cauca s u s N, K e z e n o i - a m 2100 m, 5 - 6 . V I I I . 1 9 8 8 and 11-14 . I X . 1 9 9 0 , and USSR, CHIASSR, K e r i g o , 1000 m 9 - 1 0 . V I I I . 1 9 8 8 ; l e g . HERCZIG, M É S Z Á R O S , RONKAY e t SZEOKE. ( c o l l . t h e c o l l é e t o r s and t h e HNHM). S l i d e s Nos. 4 4 3 , 444, 3283 RONKAY ( m a l e s ) , 3422 RONKAY ( f e m a l e ) .

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F i g s 6-8: F i g . 6. M o n o s t o l a a s i a t i c a ALPHERAKY, K u k u - N o o r . - F i g s 7-8. C e r a ­ p t e r y x g r a m i n i s LINNAEUS: 7= M o n g o l i a , 8= H u n g a r y

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D e s c r i p t i o n - w i n g s p a n 61-69 mm, l e n g t h o f f o r e w i n g 28-34 mm. Head and t h o r a x o c h r e o u s - b r o w n , m i x e d w i t h d a r k brown and w h i t i s h - o c h r e o u s h a i r s ; s i d e s o f p a l p i , c o l l a r and edges o f t e g u l a e d a r k e r b r o w n . Abdomen l i g h t e r , more o c h r e o u s . F o r e w i n g l i g h t , v e r y s h i n y o c h r e o u s - b r o w n , i r r o r a t e d w i t h d a r k e r b r o w n s c a l e s . I n t e n s i t y o f d a r k p a t t e r n v e r y v a r i a b l e , a n t e m e d i a l and p o s t m e d i a l l i n e s u s u a l l y d i f f u s e , s i n u o u s , d a i r \ b r o w n , m e d i a l l i n e a d a r k shadow. O r b i c u l a r s p o t m i n u t e , b r o w n w i t h w h i t i s h c e n t r e , r e n i f o r m l a r g e , w i t h d i f f u s e w h i t i s h o u t l i n e s . S u b t e r m i n a l l i n e w h i t i s h , i n t e r r u p t e d , d e f i n e d by a row o f d a r k b r o w n , t r i a n g u l a r p a t c h e s on i n n e r s i d e . T e r m i n a l l i n e l i g h t b r o w n w i t h a row o f d a r k s p o t s , c i l i a b r o w n . H i n d w i n g brown w i t h i n t e n s i v e r e d d i s h - o c h r e o u s s h i n e , m a r g i n a l f i e l d w i d e , s l i g h t l y d a r k e r ; g h o s t s o f t r a n s v e r s e l i n e and c e l l u l a r l u n u l e p a l e b u t v i s i b l e . T e r m i n a l l i n e o c h r e o u s -o r a n g e , c i l i a b r o w n . U n d e r s i d e o f w i n g s l i g h t o c h r e o u s - b r o w n , v e r y s h i n y . I n ­n e r p a r t s o f w i n g s s u f f u s e d w i t h d a r k e r b r o w n , t r a n s v e r s e l i n e s d i f f u s e , w i d e , d a r k e r b r o w n . C e l l u l a r l u n u l e o f h i n d w i n g d i f f u s e b u t w e l l - d i s c e r n ­i b l e , moon-shaped w i t h l i g h t e r c e n t r e , o f t e n w i t h a d a r k e r s t r i p e r u n n i n g f r o m l u n u l e t o b a s i s o f w i n g .

M a l e g e n i t a l i a ( F i g s 1 2 - 1 5 ) - u n c u s l a r g e , f a l c i f o r m , t egumen n a r r o w and h i g h , p e n i c u l i a b s e n t , v i n c u l u m s t r o n g and w i d e , U-shaped. V a l v a e e l o n g a t e d , d i s t a l l y s l i g h t l y d i l a t e d , apex r o u n d e d . S a c c u l u s l o n g and s t r o n g , s a c c u l a r e x t e n s i o n v e r y l o n g and a c u t e . Aedeagus t u b u l a r , f i r m l y s c l e r o t i z e d , c a r i n a w i t h a d e n t a t e d p l a t e . V e s i c a r e l a t i v e l y s i m p l e , e v e r t e d v e n t r o - m e d i a l l y . I t c o n s i s t s o f a b r o a d sac w i t h f o u r s m a l l , c o n i c a l o r s e m i -g l o b u l a r d i v e r t i c u l a , t h r e e o f them b e a r i n g s c l e r o t i z e d , d e n t a t e d p l a t e s ( " c o r n u t i " ) . D u c t u s e j a c u l a t o r i u s s i t u a t e d l a t e r a l l y , i t s b a s i s w i t h a w e a k l y s c l e r o t i z e d b a r .

F i g s 1 2 - 1 5 . A p o p e s t e s noe s p . n. P a r a t y p e , Caucasus

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F e m a l e g e n i t a l i a - o v i p o s i t o r s h o r t and w i d e , g o n a p o -p h y s e s s h o r t . O s t i u m b u r s a e s c l e r o t i z e d , c a l y c u l a r . D u c t u s b u r s a e a d i f f i c u l t c o m p l e x : p o s t e r i o r p a r t membranous, m e d i a l p a r t d i l a t e d , t w i s t e d and f o l d e d , p a r t l y h e a v i l y s c l e r o t i z e d , p r o x i m a l p a r t w i d e , g r a n u l ö s e . B u r s a c o p u l a t r i x g l o b u l a r , membranous, w i t h a s m a l l , r o u n d e d s i g n u m .

The genus A p o p e s t e s H Ü B N E R Ql823^ 1816 c o n t a i n s f o u r s p e c i e s , l i s t e d by BOURSIN ( 1 9 5 5 ) as s p e c t r u m (ESPER, 1 7 8 8 ) , Phantasma (EVERSMANN, 1 8 4 3 ) , c e n t ­ r a l a s i a e WARREN, 1913 and k o r e a n a HERZ, 1904. I n t h i s w ork he m e n t i o n e d as good d i s t i n c t i v e f e a t u r e t h e number o f t h e s c l e r o t i z e d p l a t e s o f t h e v e s i c a " ( b e i s p e c t r u m Esp. 4 b e i Phantasma Ev. 3, b e i c e n t r a l a s i a e W a rr. und k o r e a n a H e r z , 2 ) " . The s u b s e q u e n t a u t h o r s (RONKAY 1 9 8 3 , POOLE 1 9 8 9 ) ac­c e p t e d h i s o p i n i o n and t h e male g e n i t a l i a o f " p h a n t a s m a " and " c e n t r a l a s i a e " w e r e i l l u s t r a t e d on t h e b a s i s o f t h i s c o n c e p t i o n . B u t t h e s t u d y o f t h e s y n -t y p e s o f p h a n t a s m a showed t h a t t h i s s p e c i e s has two p l a t e s i n t h e v e s i c a and t h e s a c c u l a r e x t e n s i o n i s s h o r t e r t h a n i n ca s e o f t h e s p e c i e s h a v i n g t h r e e p l a t e s . By t h e m o r p h o l o g i c a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s and t h e d i s t r i b u t i o n ( t h e t y p e l o c a l i t y o f p h a n t a s m a i s " A l t a i " ) , p h a n t a s m a and c e n t r a l a s i a e a r e c o n s p e -c i f i c , w i t h o u t s u b s p e c i f i c s p l i t t i n g . On t h e b a s i s o f t h e d e s c r i p t i o n o f t h e d i a g n o s e s o f t h e ' r a c e s o f s p e c t r u m ' (WARREN i n SEITZ 1 9 1 3 ) i t can be s t a t e d t h a t WARREN had a l s o r e c o g n i z e d t h e two d i s t i n c t t a x a b u t he i d e n t i f i e d t h e E T u r k i s h - C a u c a s i a n s p e c i e s as ' p h a n t a s m a ' a n d , c o n s e q u e n t l y , t h e r e a l p h a n t a s ­ ma was d e s c r i b e d by h i m as c e n t r a l a s i a e . The w e l l - k n o w n P o n t o - A r m e n i a n spe-

F i g s 1 6 - 1 7 . A p o p e s t e s p h a n t a s m a EVERSMANN. L e c t o t y p e , A l t a i

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c i e s r e m a i n e d u n d e s c r i b e d as t h e o t h e r r a c e d e s c r i b e d by WARREN f r o m A s i a M i ­no r ( s s p . i n n o t a t a WARREN, 1 9 1 3 ) r e p r e s e n t s i n f a c t a l i g h t e r and l e s s m a r k e d f o r m o f s p e c t r u m .

The m a j o r d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n t h e male g e n i t a l i a o f t h e t h r e e s p e c i e s , s p e c t r u m , p h a n t a s m a and noe a r e i l l u s t r a t e d i n RONKAY 1983 ( F i g s 2 2 - 2 4 ) . F i g s 12-17 o f t h e p r e s e n t p a p e r d i s p l a y s a l s o t h e d i f f e r e n c e s i n t h e v e s i c a o f noe and p h a n t a s m a . The f e m a l e g e n i t a l i a o f noe i s s i m i l a r i n t y p e t o t h a t o f pha n t a s m a b u t t h e o s t i u m o f t h e f o r m e r i s more e l o n g a t e and t h e d u c t u s b u r s a e has a more o r l e s s q u a d r a n g u l a r , s c l e r o t i z e d edge on t h e d o r s a l s u r f a c e s i n c e t h i s p a r t i s r o u n d e d i n p h a n t a s m a .

The d i s t r i b u t i o n o f t h e f o u r A p o p e s t e s s p e c i e s d i s p l a y s some p e c u l i a r moments. The most s p e c i a l i z e d s p e c i e s , s p e c t r u m has a H o l o - M e d i t e r r a n e a n r a n g e f r o m t h e Magh r e b c o u n t r i e s t o W T u r k e y , p a r t l y o v e r l a p p i n g w i t h t h a t o f noe . However, i t has a b i g p o p u l a t i o n i n t h e USSR, T u r k m e n i a i n t h e s e m i -d e s e r t s a t t h e K o p e t - D a g h M t s , w h e r e i t may be a p e s t o f c u l t i v a t e d L e g u m i n o -s a e . Phantasma o c c u r s i n C e n t r a l A s i a f r o m A f g h a n i s t a n t o M o n g o l i a and C h i ­nese T u r k e s t a n and K a s h m i r , i n d i c a MOORE, 1883 ( = k o r e a n a HERZ) f r o m t h e S o u t h e r n H i m a l a y a t o K o r e a and Jap a n and t h e S o v i e t Far E a s t . ( U n f o r t u n a t e l y , I had no o p p o r t u n i t y t o s t u d y m a t e r i a l f r o m I r a n w h i c h may have i m p o r t a n c e f r o m z o o g e o g r a p h i c a l p o i n t o f v i e w . )

D e s i g n a t i o n o f t h e l e c t o t y p e o f A p o p e s t e s p h a n t a s m a (EVERSMANN, 1 8 4 3 )

F o r t h e s o l u t i o n o f t h e p h a n t a s m a - c e n t r a l a s i a e p r o b l e m t h e d e s i g n a t i o n o f t h e l e c t o t y p e o f p h a n t a s m a was n e c e s s a r y . T h e r e a r e f o u r o r i g i n a l s p e c i ­mens o f p h a n t a s m a i n t h e c o l l e c t i o n o f t h e Z o o l o g i c a l I n s t i t u t e , Academy o f S c i e n c e s , L e n i n g r a d w i t h t h e l a b e l " A l t a i , c o l l . E v e r s m a n n " . One male s p e c i ­men was s e l e c t e d as l e c t o t y p e , w i t h t h e l a b e l s " A l t a i , c o l l . E v e r s m a n n " ( w h i t i s h l a b e l ) ; " A p o p e s t e s p h a n t a s m a E v e r s m a n n , l e c t o t y p e , d e s . L. Ro n k a y , 1984" ( r e d l a b e l ) . S l i d e No. 1870 RONKAY ( F i g s 1 6 - 1 7 ) .

* * *

A c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s - The a u t h o r w o u l d l i k e t o e x p r e s s h i s g r a t i t u d e t o t h e members o f t h e e x p e d i t i o n s . S p e c i a l t h a n k s a r e due t o Dr. I . L. SUKHAREVA and Dr. V. I . KUZNETSOV ( L e n i n g r a d ) , Mr. G. BEHOUNEK ( D e i s e n h o ­f e n ) and Dr. Z. KORSÓS ( B u d a p e s t ) f o r t h e i r k i n d h e l p d u r i n g t h e s t u d i e s o f t h e g e n e r a d i s c u s s e d .

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A u t h o r ' s a d d r e s s : Dr. L Á S Z L Ú RONKAY Z o o l o g i c a l D e p a r t m e n t H u n g a r i a n N a t u r a l H i s t o r y Museum H-10B8 B u d a p e s t , B a r o s s u. 13 Hu n g a r y


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