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New Ways in Concrete Construction
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BubbleDeck® – the Biaxial System
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Multi-storey building in the future
“To develop constructions as flexible and generally applicable that they will be able to pick up changes in a time period reaching far into the next century. ”
The Danish Ministry of Housing
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Reinforcing mesh, top Air bubble (hollow ball) made of (non toxic) plastic Reinforcing mesh, bottom
Basic Principle
BubbleDeck modulo BubbleDeck panel
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Key benefits of the BD system
• Better environment
• Greater flexibility
• Faster construction time
• Better total economy
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• Standard Plate–Column system
• Homogeneuous Biaxial Slab
• Monolithic Behaviour like a Solid Slab
• Standard Calculations and Methods
Designing with the BubbleDeck system
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• Weight : 33 % less weight
• Stiffness : Elastic state: 90 % (of EI) : Yielding state: 100 % (of EI)
• Shear : 60 % in voided areas
: 100 % at column head
Deviations from a solid slab – same height
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• Accepted like a standard solid slab
• Same regulations as for a solid slab
• Directly incorporated in Eurocodes: • [EN 13747:2005+A1:2008]
• C.3.2.2 Dimensions and positioning of ball void formers
Codes
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Fire rating: As a solid slab Concrete cover to be adjusted for 2/3/4 hours Sound insulation: Airborne sound: proportional with slab height Tripping sound: proportional with mass of slab
Fire & Sound
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Helsfyr, Norway
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Justice Department, Netherlands
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Advantages - Design
The main structural consequences of BubbleDeck system:
• Fewer columns
• Larger spans
• Increased (relative) strength
• Reduced weight
No beams or ribs under the ceiling Pillars have no capital
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Type Economical Span Max Span Inner Bays : 25-35 x h , 40 x h Outer Bays : 20-25 x h , 30 x h Cantilever : 7-10 x h , 15 x h Based on standard loads
Guidelines for Span / Deck height
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SDU by Henning Larsen, Kolding, Denmark
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Superior Architectural Design
• Interior design can easily be altered
• Areas as not needed can simply be cut out
• No beams and fewer columns results in flexibility
• Larger spans / deck areas
• Large corbels
• Free choice of shape
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Large Cantilever at City Hall in Glostrup, Denmark
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Large Cantilever at City Hall in Glostrup, Denmark
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Walterbos Complex Tax Office Towers
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Car Parks – No Beams or Downstands [ Retail Roermond ]
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Car Parks – No Beams or Downstands [ Concerthouse, Iceland]
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5 m Cantilever (BD450) at Villa, Denmark
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Harpa (Iceland) – by Henning Larsen Architects Winner of Mies van der Rohe Award 2013
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Harvey Mudd College, California, USA
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Media City - Copenhagen
Post-tensioning increase the effect
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Piemonte Torre, Torino, Italy 209 m , 14 m outer span (BD400+PT)
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Piemonte Torre, Torino, Italy 209 m , 14 m outer span (BD400+PT)
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Emelwerda College - Emmelloord / Holland
Heating/cooling through piping in slab
For Cooling, Energy Savings up to 85 % is possible
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Heating/cooling through piping in slab
Report from COWI
For Heating, savings up to 30 % For Cooling, savings up to 85 % In Total, energy savings of 30-50 % are realistic (European conditions).
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Transavia & Martinair, Schiphol Amsterdam Airport / Holland
Heating/cooling
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Roof construction of Town Library of Almere/NL
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Benefits - Environment
• Recycling - components can be recycled – balls stays intact - recycling program in collaboration with Braskem
• Less Emission - Savings in CO2 emission up to 40 kg / m2
• Less Energy consumption - in production, transport and carrying out
• Less Material consumption - cement, aggregates, water, steel 1 kg of plastic replaces up to100 kg of concrete
• Less Wood - as no horizontal scaffolding is needed for semi-precast
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Green Roof construction - School on Iceland
Lightweight homogeneous slab ideal for Green roofs
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Transavia, Schipol, Netherlands First LEED Platinum in Europe
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Fast implementation • Prefabricated BD reinforcement modules/panels
• High uniform quality
• Made to measure
• Shear reinforcement incorporated
• Installations can be incorporated
• Suitable for easy installation of PT
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BD Modules on traditional formwork (Product Type 1)
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BD Semi Precast Panels (Product Type 2)
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Steel above columns for hogging moment
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Concreting (no need for adjustment layer)
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Simplified finishes, as beamless ceiling is of high quality
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Fast implementation • Prefabricated BD reinforcement modules/panels
• High uniform quality • Made to measure • Shear reinforcement etc incorporated
• Fast placement of modules/panels onsite • For BD reinforcement modules, one crane can place 10 - 15 modules p/h • For BD semi precast panels, one crane can place 8 - 12 panels per hour
• Limited and simple onsite reinforcement • Joint splice bars placed simultaneous with modules • Easy walking and working platform • Normal erection cycles of 4-5 days. Speedy cyclus 3 days
• Practical & Safe setup • Labour transferred from building site to factory • Better and safer working conditions • Limited & practical onsite works results in fewer accidents
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Implementation of the BD system
Fast cycle of 3 days (temporary supports not included)
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Australia
In Australia, the installation speed
often determines the choice of
building system
Building height 20-30 levels
Shear walls, no beams
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• Buildings can be made more flexible; changes are less costly
Benefits - Economy
• High Quality prefab finish – no coatings are needed [LEED]
• Subsequent work (installations), is simplified
• Faster construction time (reduction in erection cycles with 20-40 %)
• Transportation costs are substantially reduced
• Savings in materials can be substantial [LEED]
• Lifespan of buildings are longer / Easier change of use [LEED]
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Millennium Tower, Holland
• Erection cycle reduced to 4 days
• Number of crane lifts reduced by 50%
• Number of trucks into Rotterdam was reduced by 500
• Extra two levels within the same building height
• Finished ahead of program
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Le Coie, UK
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Le Coie, UK
• Savings: 3 % of total project costs (£ 50 / m2)
• Start delayed due to change to the BD system But finished 6 weeks ahead of program
• Award: Best use of Innovation 2005
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Administrative Center, Brasilia, Brazil
• 170,000 m2 of constructed area
• Daily production of 1000 m2 of semi precast BD panels
• 35% less concrete used. 2500 truck trips saved;
• 60% reduction in the amount of temporary supports
• Semi precast saves app 2800 trees (scaffolding)
• 13 % savings in construction costs
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Parking, International Airport, Rio, Brazil
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Recognitions “Mies van der Rohe Award 2013" for Harpa project, 2013
“Eco Product Award", Malaysia 2013 "Best New Product" at Green Build Asia, Malaysia 2012
“NOVA Award Winner", Canada 2012 Windesheim Building X awarded "BNA Building of the Year", Holland 2011
Vexpan Parkeergarage Award, Holland 2009 "Best New Product" at Designex/Form & Function, Australia 2009
Jersey Construction Awards: “Best Use of Innovation”, Jersey 2005 “Building of the Year” for Office buildings, Denmark 2004
RIO Award, Germany 2003 Innovation Award, Holland 2000
The Stubeco Building Prize for Execution, Holland 2000 The Industrial Environmental Prize, Holland 1999
The Dutch Building Prize, Holland 1999
The BubbleDeck system was also nominated for the European Environmental Prize for Sustainable Development
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BubbleDeck International A/S
• BDI exploring / optimizes the BD technology
• Local Partners: • General marketing, Production, Selling, Logistics • General Consulting, Project Optimization • Site supervision
• Joint ventures in 20 countries / regions • Headquarters in Denmark
• Certified Production – identical Worldwide • Consultant for Partners • In charge of the BubbleDeck Group • www.BubbleDeck.com
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BubbleDeck – Reaching Higher
BubbleDeck – Build More with Less