Download - Notes scientific investigation
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Scientific Investigations
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Scientists conduct investigations for different reasons. All investigations require a 1. question, careful 2.observations and 3.data collection.
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There are two major types of data:
QuaLitative and QuaNtitative
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QuaLitative Data:Data which uses descriptive
words(notice the L for letters!)
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Describing data is gathered with the appropriate five senses:
• 1. Sight• 2. Hear• 3. Smell• 4. Taste• 5. Touch
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QuaNtitative Data:
Data which uses numbers from measurements
(notice the N for numbers!)
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Once data is gathered, scientists thoroughly study the data to identify patterns which may lead to answering the original question.
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There are different types of investigations
that scientists may perform.
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Descriptive Investigations…
*Gathers data which measures or *describes objects or events
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Descriptive Investigations…
Collect: quaLitative and/or
quaNtitativedata
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Descriptive Investigations…
Includes:1. question or 2.problem, but…..
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Descriptive Investigations…
DO Does NOT have 1. hypothesis.
2.independent variables or 3.dependent variables.
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Comparative Investigations…
Collect data on different organisms, orbects or events or under different conditions
Comparative Investigations…
*Gathers data on different organisms, objects or events or under different conditions.
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Comparative Investigations…
Can *compares two or more objects or events.
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Comparative Investigations…Can *describe quantitatively and qualitatively by finding the similarities and differences between organisms, objects or events
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Comparative Investigations…
Collects: 1.quaLitative observations by getting measurements 2.quaNtitative observations by measuring the temperature, time , location, etc.
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Comparative Investigations…
Includes: 1.question and 2.hypothesis.
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Comparative Investigations…
Have a 1.hypothesis , 2.dependent variable and 3.independent variable
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Experimental Investigations…*Gathers data to test a single manipulated variable*Describes quantitatively and qualitatively
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Experimental Investigations…
*Compares any changes in the dependent variable to a control.
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Experimental Investigations…
Collects: 1. quaLitative and 2.quaNtitative data to test the manipulating
Variable.
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Experimental Investigations…
Iincludes: a 1.question and a 2.hypothesis Party List:ProblemVariableGraph
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As well as includes a 3.control and a 4.constant.
These are two different things.
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Experimental Investigations…
Have a 1.hypothesis and both an 2.independent variables and 3.dependent variables and a 4.control.
Control Miracle Grow Scotts
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Control:
A control is an exact setup of the experiment you are performing. Everything is identical except for the variable that you are testing.
Water + NaCl Water + KCl Water + PCl₅
Water
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Constant: Factor(s) that is(are) kept
the same in all trials of an investigation.For Example:
* The height a paper helicopter is dropped.
* The size of what is considered to be a “drop” of liquid.
* How hard you throw the ball.
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The Independent (manipulated) Variable:
Something you may change during an experiment to determine its
affect. I decide what I will test.
Notice the I in Independent!
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The Dependent (responding) Variable:
This is the variable you want to study to see if it is affected by the independent variable. The affects (results)
depend on the independent variable. Notice
the D in Dependent!
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Let’s pull it all together…
Using your notes,Fill in the data
table.
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R Statement Descriptive Comparative Experimental
Has independent variables
x x
Has dependent variables
x x
Has a control xUses quaNtitative data
x x x
Uses quaLitative data
x x x
Compares changes
x x
Describes objects or events
x x x