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Nuclear Chemistry
Mr. SkirbstPhysical Science
Topic 21
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Nuclear Chemistry
Radioactivity -
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Nuclear Chemistry
Radioactivity – - a release of matter and energy
that changes the nucleus of an atom
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3 Types of Radiation
1. Alpha particles
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3 Types of Radiation
1. Alpha particles (+) 2 protons & 2 neutrons- can burn skin, but is stopped by paper
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3 Types of Radiation
2. Beta particles
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3 Types of Radiation
2. Beta particles (-) 1 electron & (+) 1 proton
(from neutron decay)- can penetrate 3 mm of Al
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3 Types of Radiation
3. Gamma Rays
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3 Types of Radiation3. Gamma Rays
an electromagnetic wave (no charge)- penetrates several centimeters of Pb (lead)
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3 Types of Radiation
Type At. Mass Charge 4 +0 -0 0
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Nuclear Stability
Describes the “strength” of the nucleus
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Nuclear Stability
Binding Energy- nuclear force that holds the nucleus together
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Nuclear Stability
Radioactive Decay- unstable nucleus breaks down & releases energy & matter
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Nuclear Stability
2 Types of Decay:Alpha decay-releases (2P & 2N)Beta decay- releases (1E & 1P from 1N)
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Nuclear Stability
Decay type at. Mass at. #
-4 -2
same +1
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Nuclear Stability
Half Life:- time it takes for ½ the atoms to decay
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Nuclear Stability
Nuclear Notation:
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Nuclear Stability
Decay Series:- Illustrates radioactive decay
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Nuclear Energy
Fission – splitting of atomic nucleus
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Nuclear Energy
Fusion – combining of atomic nucleus
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