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Agenda-setting; Policy Formulation I: the foundations of policy analysis
October 15, 2013
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Midterm October 22
You are only responsible for readings, lectures, and themes up through last week (through October 10)
Theme list for midterms will be finalized by tomorrow 11 AM
Be Connect smart: download lectures rather than relying on system
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Today’s agenda
Course reset Policy cycle
Agenda setting Policy formulation▪ Policy analysis
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Analytical Framework: Forces at work in natural resources policy
4
environment
governance
markets
policies
actions
Conse-quences
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Policy Cycle Model
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Agenda-Setting
Policy Formulation
Decisionmaking
Policy Implementation
Monitoring and Evaluation
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Agenda-Setting – Definitions
Social Agenda (general, systemic): issues that the public thinks deserve attention from government measures: polls, media
Formal Agenda (government): issues explicitly up for active and serious consideration by policy makers measures: announced proposals,
throne speech
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North
ern
Gatew
ay
Clayo
qout
Sou
nd0
100
200
300
400
500
600
GlobeVancouver Sun
Northern Gateway v Clayoquot
Media coverage
NGP from Oct 1 2011-Sep 15, 2013, Clayoquot 1993
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Agenda-Setting - Process
Kingdon’s “streams” model: a confluence of Problem stream Politics stream Policy (solution)
stream Opens a “policy
window” Opportunity for
“policy entrepreneurs”
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Agenda-Setting - Process
Changes in “Problem” indicators knowledge, technology focusing event
Changes in “Politics” changing public mood elections interest group strategies
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Agenda-Setting - Process Changes in
“Problem” indicators knowledge,
technology focusing event
Changes in “Politics” changing public
mood elections interest group
strategies
How did the mid-term timber supply issue get on the government’s agenda?
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Small Group Discussion
How did the mid-term timber supply issue get on the government’s agenda?
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Policy Cycle Model
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Agenda-Setting
Policy Formulation
Decisionmaking
Policy Implementation
Monitoring and Evaluation
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Policy Formulation
THINKING
Policy analysis of alternatives
TALKING
Consultation with stakeholders
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Case Study: mid-term timber supply
Special Committee on Timber Supply
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6-stepPatton and Sawieki – Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning
1. Verify, define and detail the problem
2. Establish evaluation criteria 3. Identify alternative policies 4. Assess alternative policies 5. Display and distinguish among
alternatives 6. Implement, monitor, and evaluate
the policy
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Essential Steps
Define problem Criteria for evaluation Identify multiple alternatives Outcomes/consequences of
alternatives Compare/tradeoff Recommended decision
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PS v. GH
1. Verify, define and detail the problem
2. Establish evaluation criteria
3. Identify alternative policies
4. Assess alternative policies
5. Display and distinguish among alternatives
6. Implement, monitor, and evaluate the policy
Define problem Criteria for
evaluation Identify multiple
alternatives Outcomes/
consequences of alternatives
Compare/tradeoff Recommended
decision
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1. Problem definition
don’t confuse with solutions quantify if possible be skeptical about common causal
claims
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2. Criteria for evaluation
apply to outcomes, not alternatives build on problem definition common:
Effectiveness Efficiency (cost-effectiveness) equity political acceptability robustness and improvability
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3. Identify multiple alternatives
start comprehensive, end up focused Alternative = option The status is an alternative
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4. Project Outcomes/Consequences
projection = model + evidence attach magnitude estimates breakeven estimates avoid excessive optimism
scenario-writing other person’s shoes
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5. Compare/Tradeoff
Commensurability Confront the
tradeoffsAlternatives/criteria
Criterion 1 Criterion 2 Criterion 3
Alternative 1 3 2 1
Alternative 2 2 1 3
Alternative 3 2 1 3
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Analysis vs. Advocacy
ANALYSIS
Neutral stance on Solutions, Problem framing
Careful, balanced use of evidence
ADVOCACY
Position based on group’s interest
Strategic framing More selective use of
evidence
Does effective analysis ignore other side’s argument, or engage it?The best argument explicitly addresses an opponents strongest claim and discredits it with evidence and reason
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Thursday
11-12: Midterm review session led by Gabrielle
There will be no presentation: Come in with questions
12-1: Special session for those whose native language is not English
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Midterm
Tuesday October 22 CHBE 103 FRST 523 + FRST 415 A-K
last name FRST 1221 – L- Z last name George Office hours
Today 2:30-3:30 Wednesday 10-12 Monday – 10-2:30
Gabrielle: FSC 2227 Wednesday 3:30-4:30, Friday from 9-10 am.
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Thursday October 24
First tutorial on writing brief – Problem definition
“flipped classroom” You are required to read the one-
pager on problem definition that is that will be posted on Connect by the evening of October 22
Come to class ready to work with your groups to define your problem