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Module 3Devices and Materials
Traffic Control Plan Development Course
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TTC Zone Devices
All shall conform to Specs, MN MUTCD, etc.
Placed where they convey message most effectively
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Traffic Signing
Guide Signs– Guidance through work zones– Should not interfere with necessary
regulatory and warning signs– Common: Advance Notice Guide Sign
• Those with date • Those with exact location
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Traffic Signing
Regulatory and Warning Signs– MN MUTCD Parts 2 and 6– Also see handout in Section 3.12
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Traffic Signing
Supplemental Sign Plates– Separate demountable plates
• Have proper legend• Proper letters size and series• Properly fastened to sign face• Same retroreflective material as sign face• Sheeting oriented same as the sign face
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Traffic Signing
Temporary Sign Covering– Care in placement not to
damage permanent sign– Avoid the use of ropes,
wire fasteners or strapping
– Do not apply tape to the sign sheeting surface
– Do not use paper or plastic covers
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Traffic Signing
Sign Panel Overlays– Care in placement to preserve sign
inplaceAdditional Information
– MN MUTCD Part 6F (Later)
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Business Signing
Handout from approved new language to be added to TEM Chapter 8
Be sure to check for updates
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Proposed TEM 8-5
8-5.02.030 Temporary Business Signing in Work Zones– Construction projects have frequently
caused disruption of traffic patterns in business areas
– Temporary business signs are used to improve• driver guidance• create safer operations• reduce the impact on businesses created
by construction activities and detours
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Proposed TEM 8-5
8-5.02.031 Location and Installation of Temporary Business Signs– Shall not interfere with permanent or
construction signing– Hierarchy for sign installation
• Regulatory• warning (permanent and construction)• Guide sign
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Proposed TEM 8-5
– Minimize multiple sign structures– Minimum distances
– Not installed on freeways (are exceptions)
– Funding
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Proposed TEM 8-5
8-5.02.032 Temporary Business Signing Plan Guidelines– District to study all local business– Estimate the extent and impact– “traffic sensitive” or “regionally
sensitive”– Work with businesses
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Proposed TEM 8-5
8-5.02.033 Types of Temporary Business Signs– Design to guide through easy decisions– Trailblazing that is understandable– First encountered should be generic in
business names
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Proposed TEM 8-5
– Business Access Signs
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Proposed TEM 8-5
– Business Service Signs
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Proposed TEM 8-5
– Business Identification Signs
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Proposed TEM 8-5
– Temporary Business Guide Signs
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Business Impact Mitigation
Purpose to:– Involve businesses more in the project
development process– Keep businesses informed regarding
project issues– Help businesses understand a project
and its potential impacts– Mitigate construction impacts to
businesses as feasible (Includes reducing and, if practical, preventing negative impacts to businesses)
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Business Impact Mitigation
Threshold Criteria– Substantial business impacts?– If Yes
• Designate a project Business Liaison• Use the Business Impact Mitigation
Checklist• Follow the guidelines in the Guidelines
section
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Business Impact Mitigation
Responsibilities of Business Liaison– Consult with affected businesses
before and during construction– Investigate means of mitigating project
impacts to businesses– Provide information to the businesses
before and during construction
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Business Impact Mitigation
Guidelines– Use the Business Impact Mitigation
Checklist– Identify Businesses
• Early in Scoping, identify small businesses in the project area (not just within the project termini)
• List potentially-affected businesses and their contact information
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Business Impact Mitigation
Guidelines– Contact Business Owners
• Provide information on the project in written format
• Provide contact information for the Business Liaison
• Work with businesses to identify potential concerns, and determine preferred methods for future project communications
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Business Impact Mitigation
Guidelines– Identify Potential Impacts
• Determine the resources needed to identify and evaluate potential impacts
• Does the project have unique characteristics?
• businesses in the area have any unique issues?
• Is there a need for specific expertise? • Does the project scale warrant extra
resources?
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Business Impact Mitigation
Guidelines– Contact Local Governments
• Consult with city and county governments to identify potential impacts and discuss potential mitigation measures
– Contact MN Dept. of Employment and Economic Development• Assistance in determining a list of
business-development organizations that may offer resources to affected businesses
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Definitions– Final Pavement Marking
• The pavement marking that will be installed until the next time the pavement marking is scheduled to be renewed (typically one or more years). Final markings would include full length centerline markings, edgelines and messages
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Definitions– Temporary Pavement Marking
• the pavement marking that will be installed in staged long-term temporary traffic control zones
• The temporary markings will either be removed or covered with another pavement surface prior to the application of the final markings
• The temporary markings would include full length centerline markings, edgelines and messages. All temporary pavement markings shall be in conformance Part 6 and Part 3 of the MN MUTCD
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Definitions– Interim Pavement Marking
• any pavement markings that are not the final marking or is temporarily placed for staging purposes
– Temporary Raised Pavement Marker (TRPM)• retroreflective pavement markers applied
to the roadway surface which maintain retroreflective properties during wet weather conditions
• TRPMs are used alone to substitute for pavement marking segments or to provide wet weather capabilities to other pavement markings
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Interim Marking Guidelines– Projects greater than 1.25 miles in
length• use the same cycle length as final
pavement markings• minimum of 2 feet in length
– Projects >350 feet, < 1-1/4 miles in length• Match the cycle length on either end• See Figure 6F-8a and 8b of MN MUTCD
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Temporary Pavement Marking Guidelines– Give traffic clear path to follow– Typically, markings for staging are
temporary– Of pavement to be overlaid or
reconstructed, temp tap or marking paint, or epoxy can be used
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Wet Retro-reflective Properties– Retains retroreflectivity, presence, and color
when wet or submerged in water– Consist of
• Solid temporary pavement marking tape lines supplemented with TRPMs (temporary raised pavement markings) or
• Solid temporary wet retroreflective pavement marking tape lines or
• Solid pavement marking paint or epoxy lines supplemented with TRPMs (temporary raised pavement markings) or
• Solid wet retroreflective pavement marking paint or epoxy lines
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Final Pavement Markings– Refer to TEM Chapter 7
Temporary Raised Pavement Markings– May be used to simulate solid lines– See Standards for TRPMS on APL/QPL
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Temp. Pavement Markings Tech Memo– TM 08-10-T-02– Provide an appropriate pavement
marking on all highways, 365 days per year
– An appropriate pavement marking is one that meets or exceeds the standards defined in the MN MUTCD
– During winter weather events, pavement markings should provide presence after pavement is clear of snow and ice
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Pavement Marking Removal Scarring– Removed marking can be confusing– Overly aggressive techniques can
leave scars
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Spec Book on Pavement Marking Removal
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Pavement Markings in TTC
Special Provisions
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Channelizing Devices
Classified into 3 types– Type A– Type B– Type C
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Channelizing Devices
Quick Reference Chart
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Temporary Traffic Barriers
A number of temporary barriers are used for temporary traffic control– www.dot.state.mn.us/products/tempora
rytrafficcontrol/temporarybarriers.html
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Temporary Traffic Barriers
Proper temporary barrier system selection and design involves the consideration of a number of specific factors– NCHRP Report 350 – Duration and ease of installation,
maintenance, and removal– Exposure and safety risks for workers and
road users– Expected frequency and severity of impacts – Available space for barrier installation and
lateral deflection 39
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Temporary Traffic Barriers
MN MUTCD Section 6F.85, five primary functions – To keep motor vehicle traffic from entering
work areas, such as excavations or material storage sites;
– To separate workers, bicyclists, and pedestrians from motor vehicle traffic;
– To separate opposing directions of motor vehicle traffic; and
– To separate motor vehicle traffic, bicyclists, and pedestrians from the work area such as false work for bridges and other exposed objects; and
– To protect drop-offs of greater than 12 inches on longer term projects when a suitable buffer lane cannot be provided
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Temporary Traffic Barriers
Crashworthiness– Crashworthy
• Characteristic of roadside devices that have been successfully crash tested in accordance with a national standard such as the National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 350, “Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features
• All temporary traffic control devices shall be crashworthy
• FHWA requires successful crash testing in accordance with the NCHRP Report 350 or AASHTO MASH
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Temporary Traffic Barriers
Crashworthiness– Key Points of MASH
• All new testing will be done following MASH evaluation techniques
• Hardware accepted under NCHRP Report 350 is appropriate for replacement and new installation
– Retesting is not required
• As of January 1, 2011, all new products must be tested using MASH crash test criteria for use on the National Highway System (NHS)
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Temporary Traffic Barriers
Anchoring– To control or eliminate lateral
deflection close to pavement edge drop-offs and in other situations where deflection space is limited, barrier sections may be anchored to the pavement
– Bridge Department has a memo, “Interim Guidance for Installation of Temporary Barriers on Bridges and Approach Panels”
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PPCB
Majority of temporary barriers used in Minnesota are portable precast concrete barriers
MN MUTCD for Info
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Moveable Barrier
Source: Barrier Systems Inc.
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BarrierPPCB is the most widely used
positive protection device in use today
PPCB does have a low initial cost and are readily available
They also are quite heavy and creates issues when required on a bridge project and during transport
Other barrier systems (such as steel) are available
Generally higher upfront cost46
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Water Filled Barrier
Water-filled barrier in APLBarriers shall be certified by the
FHWA as meeting or exceeding the requirements of the NCHRP 350
The installer shall install according to the manufacturer's installation instructions
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Barrier End Treatments
Upstream leading ends that are present shall be appropriately flared or protected with properly installed and maintained crashworthy cushions
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Barrier End Treatments
Crash cushions – systems that mitigate the effects of errant
vehicles that strike obstacles, either by • smoothly decelerating the vehicle to a stop when
hit head-on• redirecting the errant vehicle
A typical barrier end treatment can be found at, – http
://www.dot.state.mn.us/trafficeng/workzone/doc/PCBendtreatment.pdf
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AttenuatorsEnergy-absorbing devices attached
to the rear of shadow trailers or trucks
When used, the shadow vehicle with the attenuator is located in advance of the work area, workers, or equipment to reduce the severity of rear-end crashes from errant vehicles
Vehicle is positive protection for the workers and the attenuator is positive protection for the driver
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Surface Mounted (Centerline) DelineatorsDevices that may be used as center
lane dividers
Page 3-29
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Portable Changeable Message Signs (PCMS)
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Portable Signal Sytems
Portable Traffic Control Signals are either Trailer Mounted or Pedestal Mounted
Approved products and specifications for portable signal systems can be found on the APL
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DeviceEnable the operator to be positioned
out of the lane of traffic Capable of displaying a STOP
message followed by a SLOW message without the need for a flagger
Can be remotely operated by a one operator
Single operator may only be used on roadways with unobstructed sight lines, less than 1500 ADT, and less than 1000 feet between the devices 54
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Flashing Arrow Boards
Part 6 of MN MUTCDSee APL/QPL
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Crash Cushions and AttenuatorsNon-Redirective (Gating)Redirective (Non-Gating)
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Ballast
Sandbags are the most common ballast
Should be constructed of a material which will allow the bag to break and disperse
Other ballasting systems may be used on some temporary traffic control devices provided they are crashworthy.
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Approved/Qualified Products (APL/QPL)list of approved products
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MN MUTCD
6F.1 Types of Devices6F.2 General Characteristics of
Signs6F.3 Sign Placement
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MN MUTCD
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MN MUTCD
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MN MUTCD
6F.4 Sign Maintenance6F.5 Regulatory Sign Authority6F.6 Regulatory Sign Design6F.7 Regulatory Sign ApplicationsRefer to other section in MN MUTCD
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MN MUTCD
Type A Channelizing Devices– Figure 6F-7
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MN MUTCD
6F.77 Pavement Markings– Figure 6F-8a
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MN MUTCD
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MN MUTCD
6F.85 Temporary Traffic Barriers
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MN MUTCD
6F.86 Crash Cushions6F.87 Rumble Strips6F.88 Screens