Download - Open Textbooks, Open Doors - 2012
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Geoff CainCollege of the Redwoods
www.studentpirgs.org/open-textbooks
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Godin, Seth. (2010) “The Coming Melt-Down in Higher Education (as seen by a marketer)http://sethgodin.typepad.com/
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Prices rising
2xthe rate ofinflation
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Students average
$750 - $900per year on textbooks
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Part 1: Flawed market structure gives publishers too much
powerPublisher
Student Professor
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Part 2:Self-destructive business model drives unstable model
Students
Bookstore
Publisher
Each textbook is bought and sold several times, but the publisher only profits on the first sale
used books
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$238.95only
High Price
s
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New Editions new 6th
$213.95
used 5th edition$81.78
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Costly Bundles
$213.95
with CengageNOW, Personal Tutor with SMARTHINKING, InfoTrac 2-Semester Printed Access Card
Biology, 8e
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Who Pays for Textbooks?• Students• Parents• EOPS• Board of Gov.• Financial Aide
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The solution must:1. Utilize open, non-commercial licenses• Texts must be easily editable• Come from the academic community• Include peer-review and editing• Provide free options for students• Create a useable, accessible repository• Utilize an efficient distribution and print-on-demand system
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Redefine the model and the “text.”
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What makes a textbook
open?
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An “Open Text” is free of copyright constraints.
• Public Domain • Creative Commmons
o Attribution (by) o Share Alike (sa) o Non-Commercial (nc)o No Derivative Works (nd)
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Open licenses legally grant the right to:• Make copies and change formats• Distribute copies• Create customized versions
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A good way to think about open licenses:
© Some Rights Reserved (vs. All Rights Reserved)
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Content is like traditional textbooks:• Table of contents, chapters, index• Written by expert author• Edited and peer-reviewed
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Formats go beyond traditional textbooks:• Accessible free online by the public• Downloadable,
typically as a PDF• Available in print
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Collaborative StatisticsBy Barbara Illowsky and Susan Dean
cnx.org/content/col10522
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Download PDF or print
Read online version
Purchase printed copy
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Purchasing a hard copy through print on demand publisher QOOP
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Click here to print out
Key term links to definition
Navigate table of contents
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Benefits for students:• Students choose their preferred format (print,
PDF, online, etc.)• Online access is free• Other formats are optional and fairly priced
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Benefits for instructors:• All students have immediate access to the text• New editions are optional• Ability to customize• Corrections are immediate
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Benefits for Colleges• Greater access to education for more students• Save money• Textbooks customized to
a specific population
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The Downside…• Can require organized, coordinated effort• Books need reviewers• Possible hidden infrastructure costs (hosting,
printing, distribution, etc.)
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Individual authors• Personal motivations• Sabbatical time/grant funding• Count open textbooks toward tenure?
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Institutional projects• A consortium of 80+ community colleges is
pooling resources to write and review texts• Rice University founded CNX.org, a platform that
hosts numerous open textbooks• Hewlett & Maxfield Foundations funded the
creation of a new open textbook
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Government funding• A new bill introduced by Sen. Durbin (D-IL) would
create a federal grant program to create open textbooks through the NSF
• The WA community college system received state funding to create open curriculum & texts for the 80 highest enrollment courses.
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What About "Open" Commercial Publishers like Flat World Knowledge? This is a failed model because:• It is how we got into trouble in the first place• It sets up a commercial intermediary between the students
and content• Tends to create proprietary interfaces (reader software)
that costs money• Costs inevitably go up
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The Long Tail
The same area
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Benefits of this publishing model:• Used books aren’t a big threat, since new books
are affordable• Digital and print-on-demand distribution is far
more efficient• No need for excessive restrictions to prevent
piracy - the book is already available for free!
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Remember, the solution must:1.Utilize open, non-commercial licenses• Texts must be easily editable• Come from the academic community• Include peer-review and editing• Provide free options for students• Create a useable, accessible repository• Utilize an efficient distribution and print-on-demand
system
There are models that do this now!
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Instructors can • Seek & consider open textbooks• Participate in open communities• Promote open textbooks at their colleges• Negotiate electronic rights
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Students can • Speak to their professors and encourage them to
consider open textbooks• Promote open texts on campus though student govt.• Get involved with Student PIRGS
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Colleges can • Offer support to faculty interested in adopting or writing
open textbooks• Consider textbook authoring in tenure• Provide stipends and sabbatical • Join other colleges in joint OER efforts
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Some Specific Examples• OpenStax - Free, openly licensed, peer-reviewed books.• Methods of Discovery: a guide to research writing
Open Textbook Collections• OER Commons - There are a lot of textbooks here that will be of interest to us. Under recommended
resources click on "textbooks.“• Connexions - This is a site that features reusable modules and learning objects as well as some text
Project Sites for OER and Open Textbooks• Sophia Open Content Initiative - This is from De Anza and a good example of a grant-driven project in
California.• Community College Consortium for Open Educational Resources - This project site has a lot of useful
links.• Open Education Resources Center for California - This is a good site for more information and
resources in California.
More information on OER at Brainstorm in Progress.
Adapted from a presentation by The Student PIRGsIllustrations from www.studentpirgs.org and http://commons.wikimedia.org unless otherwise noted.