Operational Landing DistancesImplementing TALPA ARC
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
Presented byLars KORNSTAEDT / Performance Expert, Airbus Flight Operations Support
Winter Operations Conference – Montreal October 5-6, 2011
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Contents
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1
Runway Assessment Matrix2
Performance3
Implementation by Airbus4
Conclusion5
Page 2
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FAA TALPA ARC
Slide 321-24 March 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Page 3
May 2011
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TALPA ARC Concepts
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Page 4Page 4
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• Attempt to maintain runways “bare and dry”• Make observations
• As accurately as possible• As frequently as required
• Report• Runway Codes by thirds of runway length• Contamination from 10%, then in 25% steps• PiReps• No measured friction values (downgrade only)
• Close runway• One report of “Nil” condition• Two consecutive reports of “Poor” condition
Slide 5
Rules for Airports
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
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• Publish Operational Landing Distances• “Minimum” Compliance with new principles
• Cover all 6 friction levels• Accountability for
• Temperature effect• Runway slope effect• Approach speed increment effect
• Rule to be retroactive
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Rules for Manufacturers
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Rules for Operators - Dispatch
Existing dispatch requirements
• Dry runway RLD dry = 1.67 ALD dry• Wet RLD wet = 1.92 ALD dry• Conta max of RLD wet
RLD conta = 1.15 ALD conta
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Rules for Operators – in-Flight
• Systematic Landing Performance computation in approach
• Exemptions
• Dispatch to same dry runway under same conditions
• Dispatch to same wet grooved runway under same conditions
• 15% Safety Margin
1.15 x OLD = Factored OLD (FOLD) ≤ LDA
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
• Except in case of in flight failures or emergencies wet grooved
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Rules for Operators - Use of Automation
• Automatic Landing• Increments to airborne distance as required
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
• Automatic Braking• If FOLD manual ≤ LDA
• And if OLD a/brk ≤ LDAthen FOLD a/brk > LDA allowed
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Contents
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1
Runway Assessment Matrix2
Performance3
Implementation by Airbus4
Conclusion5
Page 10
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Purpose of Runway Condition Reporting
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
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Contaminant Type and Depth
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Friction Measurement
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
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Pilot Braking Action Report
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
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FAA TALPA ARC – Runway Assessment Matrix
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
Code
2
Runway Contaminant
Greater than 1/8” of:•Water•Slush
Mu (µ)
~29-21µ
Deceleration and DirectionalControl Observation
Brake deceleration andcontrollability is between
Medium and Poor.Potential for hydroplaning
exists.
PiRep
Mediumto
PoorDOWNGRADE
ONLY
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•Always start assessment with contaminant type anddepth
•Use additional information to• Degrade to lower friction code• Never upgrade
•Careful with friction reports• May be optimistic on fluid contaminants
•Do not hesitate to request additional informationfrom ATC
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
Procedure
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Examples
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
Compact SnowBraking Action Medium
Wet in Heavy RainStorm Cells above Airport
Dry Snow over Ice,Braking Action Medium
Compact SnowOAT 1ºC Dewpoint 1ºC
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Contents
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1
Runway Assessment Matrix2
Performance3
Implementation by Airbus4
Conclusion5
Page 18
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Definition of Operational Landing Distance
• Realistic airborne part
• 6 braking performance levels• Labelled by Reported Braking Action (RBA)• Good, Medium, Poor and intermediates• Matrix becomes compulsory point of entry
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
• All relevant parameters considered• Pressure altitude• Planned approach speed• Outside temperature and wind• Runway slope• Reverse thrust use
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6 friction levels
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
20m/s 40m/s 60m/s 80m/s 100m/s
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Landing Distance Definitions
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Page 21
50ft
TouchdownVTD
ThresholdVAPP
Airborne Distance
µBSpray ImpingementDrag Aquaplaning
Displacement Drag
• ALD – Actual Landing Distance• RLD – Required Landing Distance (Dispatch) = ALD x FDISPATCH
• OLD – Operational Landing Distance• FOLD – Factored Operational Landing Distance = OLD x 1.15
Ground DistanceFull Stop
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Landing Distances: Legacy vs. TALPA ARC
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Page 22
Air GroundMargin
ALD
OLD FOLD
DRYDRY
WETGOOD
COMPACTED SNOWGOOD TO MEDIUM
SLUSHMEDIUM TO POOR
STANDING WATERMEDIUM TO POOR
ICEPOOR
500m 1000m 1500m 2000m 2500m 3000m
BOTH BASED ON MAX BRAKING FROM TOUCHDOWN
LOOSE SNOWMEDIUM
NO CURRENT STANDARD
RLD
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A320 in Tegucigalpa / Honduras MHTG/TGU RWY 02
LDA 5410ft / 1649m
Elevation 3287ft
CONF FULL / VREF+5 / no wind / OAT 20ºC
LW
Dry 64.5t
Wet 59.9t
Standing Water 53.8t
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Page 23
Limited by MLW / Dispatch
OLD FOLD
Dry 1330m 1520m (no rev)
Good 1600m 1830m (all rev)
Med to Poor 1910m 2200m (all rev)
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Contents
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1
Runway Assessment Matrix2
Performance3
Implementation by Airbus4
Conclusion5
Page 24
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Rulemaking Update
May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
Page 25
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21-24 March 201117th Flight Safety Conference
Page 26
Airbus Implementation Schedule
May 2011
Page 26
Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
• For all Airbus aircraft• At least “Minimum Compliance” with new principles
• Cover all 6 friction levels• Accountability for
• Temperature effect• Runway slope effect• Approach speed increment effect
• All Performance data sources• Flight Ops Engineer Software• Flight Manual• Operational Documentation• Electronic Flight Bag• Training Material
Operational Landing Distances
OLD Implementation by Airbus
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Operational Documentation - QRH
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
EFB Landing Application
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
EFB Landing Application
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
EFB Landing Application
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Conclusion
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
• Airbus adopts TALPA ARC standard for in-flight landingperformance
• Realistic computation basis for all winter runway conditions
• In current environment, pilot must compensate for non yetcompliant Runway Condition Reporting
• Major safety improvement requires
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances
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