Download - Optics
![Page 1: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Real or Virtual?
• Real imagesA real image is one which can be produced on a
screen and is formed by rays that converge.• Imaginary images
A virtual image cannot be formed on a screen and is produced by rays which only seem to come from the image.
![Page 2: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Lateral Inversion
• Image where left and right are swapped.
![Page 3: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Upright Inverted
![Page 4: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Reflection off a plain mirror
![Page 5: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Reflection off a plain mirror
• Image is:– Virtual.– Upright.– The same size as object.– Laterally inverted.
• Apparent distance from mirror to image is the same as the distance from the object to the mirror.
![Page 6: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Reflection off a convex mirror
F = virtual focal point
![Page 7: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Reflection off a convex mirror
• Image is: – Virtual– Smaller than object– Upright
![Page 8: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Reflection off a concave mirror
F = real focal point
![Page 9: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Reflection off a concave mirror
• Type of image formed depends on the distance of the object from the mirror.
![Page 10: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Reflection off a concave mirror
• If object is between mirror and F image is:– Virtual– Upright– Larger
![Page 11: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Reflection off a concave mirror
• If object is further than F from the mirror image is:– Real– Inverted– Laterally inverted– As the distance is increased the image size
decreases.
http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~phy3054/light/mirror/applets/cavemir/Welcome.html
![Page 12: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a concave mirror
F F
1
2
Draw a ray that travels parallel to the axis towards the mirror and reflects through the focal point in front of the mirror.
Draw a ray that travels through the focal point in front of the mirror and reflects parallel to the axis.
Example 1
![Page 13: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a concave mirror
F F
1
2Draw a ray that travels parallel to the axis towards the mirror and reflects through the focal point in front of the mirror.
Draw a ray that reflects off the centre of the mirror at the same angle it was incident.
Example 2
![Page 14: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a convex mirror
F F
1
2
Example 1
Draw a ray that travels parallel to the axis towards the mirror and reflects in a direction that makes it look like it originated at the focal point behind the mirror.
Draw a ray that travels towards the focal point behind the mirror and reflects parallel to the axis.
![Page 15: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a convex mirror
F F
1
2
Example 2
Draw a ray that travels parallel to the axis towards the mirror and reflects in a direction that makes it look like it originated at the focal point behind the mirror.
Draw a ray that travels towards the focal point behind the mirror and reflects parallel to the axis.
![Page 16: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Light through a concave lens
![Page 17: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Light through a concave lens
• Light rays diverge.• They appear to
originate from a focal point in front of the lens.
• The image is:– Virtual– Upright
![Page 18: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Light through a convex lens
f = focal lengthF = focal point C = optical centre
![Page 19: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Light through a convex lens
• Light rays converge to focal point behind lens.
• Type of image formed depends on the distance of the object from the lens.
• http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=48
![Page 20: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Light through a convex lens
• If an object is further than 2F image is:– Real– Inverted– Smaller
![Page 21: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Light through a convex lens
• If an object is at 2F image is:– Real– Inverted– Same size
![Page 22: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Light through a convex lens
• If an object is between 2F and F image is:– Real– Inverted– Larger
![Page 23: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Light through a convex lens
• If an object is between F and C image is:– Virtual– Erect– Larger
![Page 24: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a convex lens
• Draw:1. A ray straight through the centre of the lens.2. A ray that travels parallel to the axis towards the
lens and refracts through the focal point behind the lens.
3. A ray through the focal point in front of the lens that refracts parallel to the axis.
![Page 25: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a convex lens
F F
1
2
3
Example 1
![Page 26: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a convex lens
F F
1
2
Example 2
![Page 27: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a concave lens
• Draw:1. A ray straight through the centre of the lens.2. A ray that travels parallel to the axis which
refracts as if it came from the focal point in front of the lens.
3. A ray that travels towards the focal point behind the lens which refracts parallel to the axis.
![Page 28: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a concave lens
F F
1
2
3
Example 1
![Page 29: Optics](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070304/54b9d7224a7959eb538b456d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Drawing a ray diagram for a concave lens
F F1
2
3
Example 2