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Optimisation of Design & Optimisation of Design & Technology for Sewage TreatmentTechnology for Sewage Treatment
by by Vinita DhupkarVinita Dhupkar
2121stst February, 2014 February, 2014
National Conference on Energy & National Conference on Energy & EnvironmentEnvironment
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• Water Stress
• Sewage Generation & Treatment
• Sewage Treatment – Technology Options
• Overview of Technologies
• Technology Comparison & Assessment
• Technology Selection
• Way Forward
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Yesterday Yesterday : Water Pollution: Water Pollution
Today Today : Water Stress: Water Stress
Tomorrow Tomorrow : Water Scarcity: Water Scarcity
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• Growing Population
• Increasing Urbanisation
• Insufficient Infrastructure
• Over Extraction of Ground water
• Poor Treatment & Maintenance
• Increasing Gap between Demand & Supply
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Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013
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Metropolitan CitiesMetropolitan Cities Class I CitiesClass I Cities Class II CitiesClass II Cities
Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013
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Option 1 : ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS (ASP/ EA)
Option 2 : MOVING BED BIO REACTOR (MBBR) / FIXED
AERATED BIOREACTOR (FAB)
Option 3 : SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (SBR)
Option 4 : MEMBRANE BIO REACTOR (MBR)
Option 5 : UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET
(UASB) REACTOR
Option 6 : TRICKING FILTER (TF)
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AERATION TANKSECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRITRAW
SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
RAW SEWAGE PUMPING STATION
AT-SC-CHL
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AERATION TANKSECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW SEWAGE
PRIMARY CLARIFIERRAW SEWAGE INLET
CHAMBER
SLUDGE STABILISATION
SLUDGE THICKNER
PC-AT-SC-CHL
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AERATION TANK (MBBR)SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
MBBR-SC-CHL
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SECONDARYCLARIFIER
TREATED WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
AERATION TANK (FAB)
FAB-SC-CHL
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SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
TREATED WATER TO DIPSOSAL
SBR - 2
INLET CHAMBER
SLUDGE SUMP
CHLORINE CONTACT TANKCENTRIFUGE
(SLUDGE DEWATERING)
RETURN SLUDGE
SURPLUS SLUDGE
BLOWER
CHLORINE
SLUDGE
PUMP
RAW SEWAGE
DECANTERDIFFUSERS
BLOWER
SBR - 1
SBR-CHL
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SBR
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TREATED WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
MBR TANK
MBR-CHL
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MBR
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AERATION TANK / FACULTATIVE LAGOONSECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
GAS HOLDER
SLUDGE THICKNER
UASBGAS ENGINE
ELECTRICITY
UASB-AT-SC-CHL
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AERATION TANK
SECONDARYCLARIFIER
TREATED WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
SLUDGE THICKNER
TRICKLING FILTER
TF-AT-SC-CHL
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0
5
10
15
20
UASB ASP MBBR MBR SBR
Area, Acres
Area, Acres
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Capital Cost, Crs(100MLD)
UASB
ASP
MBBR
MBR
SBR
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Power, Rs/m3
UASB
ASP
MBBR
MBR
SBR
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
UASB ASP MBBR MBR SBR
Maintenance cost,Rs./m3
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Treated Sewage ParametersTreated Sewage Parameters
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Technology Assessment for Sewage Treatment
Criteria
OP ASP MBBR SBR MBRUASB +ASP
TF +ASP
Quality of Treated Effleunt
Nutrient Removal potential
Low Land Requirement potential
Low Capital Cost potential
Low Power Requirement Potential
Electricity generation potential
Low O & M Skills Potential
Low Medium
High Very High
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TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
Objective 4
Objective 1
Objective 3
Objective 2
RecycleReuse
Reduce Capital
Cost
Reduce Space
Reduce Operatio
nCost
UASBASP
MBBR
SBRMBR
MBBR
UASBSBR
SBR MBR
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Technology Options
Domestic Wastewater
Technologies Treatment & Recycle /
Reuse (Desalination)
Treatment & energy
production
Treatment & Reuse
UP, Delhi
MaharashtraGujarat
AP, Karnataka
ChennaiKerala
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• Recycle / Reuse
• Techno-economically viable technologies
• Improvement in O&M
• Reduction in Operational Cost by Innovations
• Stringent Policies & Implementation by Govt.
• Promotion of PPP Models
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Yesterday Yesterday : Water Pollution: Water Pollution
Today Today : Water Stress: Water Stress
Tomorrow Tomorrow : Water Scarcity: Water Scarcity
Day After Tomorrow Day After Tomorrow : Water War: Water War
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Thank You !
Do not let the well dry,
to learn the worth of Water !
Vinita Dhupkar