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Copyright©2018, Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.
OracleRecoveryManagerLatest-GenerationFeaturesforOn-PremisesandtheCloud[TRN4219]
MarcoCalmasini,Sr.PrincipalProductManager,OracleFinn Jorgensen,DatabaseAdministrator,Exelon
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SafeHarborStatementThefollowingisintendedtooutlineourgeneralproductdirection.Itisintendedforinformationpurposesonly,andmaynotbeincorporatedintoanycontract.Itisnotacommitmenttodeliveranymaterial,code,orfunctionality,andshouldnotberelieduponinmakingpurchasingdecisions.Thedevelopment,release,andtimingofanyfeaturesorfunctionalitydescribedforOracle’sproductsremainsatthesolediscretionofOracle.
3
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ProgramAgenda
OracleBackupandRecoverysolutionsoverview
TransparentDataEncryption– BackupImplications
LeveragingBackupforCloudMigrations
ZDLRAandRMAN– ExelonExperience
1
2
3
4
4
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ProgramAgenda
OracleBackupandRecoverysolutionsoverview
TransparentDataEncryption– BackupImplications
LeveragingBackupforCloudMigrations
ZDLRAandRMAN– ExelonExperience
1
2
3
4
5
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BackupandRecoverySolutionPortfolio
6
OracleCloud
ProtectedFiles
ExaCS
DBCS
Instantiateinto
DBCS/ExaCS
DBBackupCloudService
SecureBackup
On-Premises
Oracle Cloud Storage
Compression&Encryption
BackuptoandRecoverfromOn-PremisesorOracleCloudProtectedDatabases
Cloud@Customer
Filesystem
RMAN: Built-in backup & recovery engine for the Oracle database which provides performant, efficient and dependable protection.
Recovery Appliance: Engineered System purpose-built for data center-wide Oracle database protection which ensures zero data loss, verifies backup integrity, and reduces data protection overhead by eliminating repeated full backups.
DB Backup Cloud Service: Secure & scalable Oracle Cloud Service providing cost effective storage for long-term retention & compliance of RMAN backups.
Secure Backup: Centralized disk, tape and cloud backup management which provides heterogeneous filesystem protection for the entire data center.
1
1
2
23
3
4
4
ArchiveStorage*
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RecoveryManagerHistory
7
Oracle8,Oracle8i,Oracle9i
Circa1997-2002
Oracle10g,Oracle11g
Circa2003-2012
Oracle12c2013-2016
Oracle18c2017-2018
••ParallelBackups••DUPLICATE••BlockMediaRecovery••AutomaticControlFile&SPFILEBackup
••CONFIGUREPersistentSettings
••BACKUPBACKUPSET••Andmore…
••FastRecoveryArea••FastIncrementalBackups
••IncrementallyUpdatedBackups
••SWITCHTOCOPY••OffloadBackupstoStandbyDatabase
••Andmore…
••TableLevelRecovery••Cross-PlatformBackup&Recoveryenhancements
••FastActiveDUPLICATE••FastStandbyDatabaseSynchronization
••MultitenantDatabaseBackup&Recovery
••RESTOREASENCRYPTED
••Multi-tenantDBbackuphistorypreservation
••Active cross-CDBPDBduplication
••Active DataGuardSync
••Tiering toOracleCloudArchiveObjectStoragesupport
••DUPLICATEASENCRYPTED
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OracleDatabase19cRMANnewfeaturesI
• ConnecttoPDBastargetwithRecoveryCatalogsupport–MorecontrolforPDBDBAstomanagetheirbackups– Theconnectiontotherecoverycatalogiscreatedusingtherecoverycatalogowner,rco.Thenetservicenamefortherecoverycatalogdatabaseiscatdb
ConnecttoPDBsastargetandRecoveryCatalogsupport
8
RMAN>connecttarget"sys@salespdb assysbackup"targetdatabasePassword:connectedtotargetdatabase:DBMAIN:SALESPDB(DBID=1661283172)
RMAN>connectcatalogrco@catdbrecoverycatalogdatabasePassword:connectedtorecoverycatalogdatabase
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OracleDatabase19cRMANnewfeaturesII
• AutomaticproactivedeletionofunnecessaryFlashbacklogs– Before19cFlashbacklogsweredeletedonlyunderFRAspacepressure–Whentheretentiontargetisreduced,flashbacklogsthatarebeyondtheretentionperiodaredeletedimmediatelyfromtheFRA
– SimplifiesthemanagementforFRA– LoadspikesthatgenerateunusualamountlogswillhavelessimpactonFRAspaceconsumptionastheywillbedeleteimmediatelywhenretentionexpires.
SimplifiedFRAspacemanagement
9
Note:flashbacklogscannotbebackedupusingtheRMANcommandBACKUPRECOVERYAREA
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ProgramAgenda
OracleBackupandRecoverysolutionsoverview
TransparentDataEncryption– BackupImplications
LeveragingBackupforCloudMigrations
ZDLRAandRMAN– ExelonExperience
1
2
3
4
10
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• UptrendinadoptionduetoregulationsandCloud
• TDEimproveswitheveryversion– Columnencryptionintroducedin10.2– Tablespaceencryptionaddedin11.1–Offlinetablespaceencryptionaddedin12.2andbackportedto12.1&11.2
–OnlinetablespaceencryptionandRESTOREASENCRYPTEDaddedin12.2
11
TransparentDataEncryption(TDE)
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OracleDataBlockFormat&RMANBackupsMoreThanSimpleBits….
• OracleDatabasemanagesitslogicalstorageindatablocks–MinimumunitofI/O
• Awelldefinedstructure– Blockheaders,rows,metadataetc.
• RMANBackups– Datafile blocksarelogicallygroupedintobackuppieces
–Orderingofblockswithinabackuppiecedifferentthanwithinthedatafile
CommonandVariableHeaderTableDirectoryRowDirectory
FreeSpace
RowData
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TDETablespace Encryption
• MasterKeyscanbestoredinlocalfilewalletoronanexternalKeyManagerlikeOracleKeyVault
• WalletsarenotbackedupbyRMANandmustbecarefullyprotected• InPurposeBuiltBackupAppliances,likeZDLRA,deduplicationandcompressionaretwoseparateprocesses
• TDEEncryptionhasabigimpactonyourappliancecompressioncapabilitiesandbackupspaceutilizationmustbecarefullyplanned.
13
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RMANBackupEncryption
• RMANcanencryptbackupsusingTDEKeys• SameKeyManagementoptionsareavailable,OraclewalletorexternalKeyManager
• Passwordbasedencryptionisalsopossible
• RMANbackupencryptionnegatestarget-sidededuplicationorcompressionsavingsifthetablespaces arenotTDEencrypted
Createsencryptedbackuppiecesofnon-encryptedtablespaces
14
RMAN> CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE ONRMAN> CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM ‘AES256’
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BackingupTDE-EncryptedTablespaces
• RMANdoesnotre-encryptbackupsifatablespace isalreadyTDE-encrypted
• TheOracleblockheaderisstoredinclearinthebackuppiece
• Deduplication-enabledsolutionscanstillprovidesomebenefits,butloseanytarget-sidesoftwarecompressioncapability
• IfyouturnonTDEtablespace encryptionexpectthebackupspaceconsumptiontotypicallydoubleormoredependingonthebackupcompressionratioachievedpriortousingTDE
WithoutusingRMANcompression
15
BackupPieceHeader
EncryptedBlockData
BlockHeaderinclear
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BackingupTDE-EncryptedTablespaces
• RMANde-crypts,compressandre-encryptstheOracleblocks
• TheblockheaderisalsoencryptedandtheOracleblockstructurewithinthebackuppieceisnotaccessible
• Deduplication-enabledsolutionsbecomeineffective
• IfyouturnonTDEtablespaceencryptionandRMANcompression,backupscannotbededuplicated orcompressedatthetargetbackupdevice
UsingRMANcompression
16
BackupPieceHeader
EncryptedBlockData
BlockHeaderinclear
EncryptedBlockHeader
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TDETablespace EncryptionSummary
RMANEncryption RMANCompression
Tablespace EncryptionON Deduplication,NOCompression NODeduplication, AlreadyCompressed
Tablespace Encryption OFF NODeduplication, NOCompression NODeduplication, AlreadyCompressed
Duetotheeffectonbackupcompressionwhenusingtablespaceencryption,bestpracticeistouseHCCorOLTPcompressionsothatthesourcedataisalreadycompressedandencryptedpriortobackup.
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ProgramAgenda
OracleBackupandRecoverysolutionsoverview
TransparentDataEncryption– BackupImplications
LeveragingBackupforCloudMigrations
ZDLRAandRMAN– ExelonExperience
1
2
3
4
18
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AdvantagesofCloudBackups
• OracleDatabaseBackupCloudModuleenableson-premisesDatabasestobebackeduptoOracleCloudInfrastructureObjectStorage(StandardandArchive)
• Secureoffsitestoragelocation,virtuallyunlimitedscalability.
• RestorecanbeperformeddirectlyintoaDBCloudService,ExaCS orcustomizedDBcreatedinaComputeInstance
• SimpleDRsolutionorusethecloudforTest/Dev
• FacilitateWorkloadMigrationtoCloud
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OtherpathstoCloudStorageParis
Milan
London Frankfurt Frankfurt
Incr forever
Full&incr
• DataTransferService(forhundredsofTBorPBscalemigrations)
• On-PremisesZeroDataLossRecoveryAppliancecancopyormovebackupstoCloudStorageinnativeRMANformat– ZDLRAcanactasamigrationenginecentralizingbackupsfromnoninternetconnectedlittle-endianDBs
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• On-premisesdatabaseversion• On-premiseshostoperatingsystemandversion
• On-premisesdatabasecharacterset
• On-premisesmultitenantornon-multitenantDB
• Databaseservicedatabaseversion• Amountofdata,includingindexes• Storagefordatastaging,ifneeded• Acceptablelengthofsystemoutage• Networkbandwidth
21
PlanningforaMigrationtoCloudDatabaseInstancesDatabaseCloudService,Exadata CloudService
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MigratingtoExaCS orDBCSinstances• RMANCross-PlatformTransportablePDB
• RMANCross-PlatformTransportableTablespaceBackupSets
• RMANCONVERTTransportableTablespace withDataPump
• RMANDUPLICATEfromanActiveDatabase
• DataPump
• RemoteCloning
• RMANTransportableTablespace withDataPump
• Unplugging/PluggingaPDB
• Unplugging/PluggingNon-CDB
• SQLDeveloper
22
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RMANforCloudMigrationsRMANcrossplatformtransportablePDB
23
• SQL>ALTERPLUGGABLEDATABASEUNPLUGforCDBorexecDBMS_PDB.DESCRIBEfornon-CDB(generatesXML)
• RMAN>BACKUPDEVICETYPESBTFORTRANSPORTPLUGGABLEDATABASE
Mustbelittleendianandcompatiblecharacterset
• RMAN>CATALOGDEVICETYPESBTBACKUPPIECE
• RMAN>RESTOREALLFOREIGNDATAFILES
• SQL>CREATEPLUGGABLEDATABASE
• Runthenoncdb_to_pdb.sql scripttodeleteunnecessarymetadatafromtheSYSTEMtablespace ofthenewPDB
• SQL>ALTERPLUGGABLEDATABASEOPEN
scp XMLfileandencryptionwallet
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Copyright©2018, Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.
RMANforCloudMigrationsIIRMANCross-PlatformTransportableTablespace BackupSets
24
• SQL>CREATEDIRECTORYdp_for_cloud AS'/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump/for_cloud';
• SQL>ALTERTABLESPACE…READONLY;
• RMAN>BACKUPDEVICETYPESBTFORTRANSPORTTABLESPACE…DATAPUMPFORMAT'/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump/for_cloud‘;
Mustbelittleendianandcompatiblecharacterset
• preparethedatabasebycreatingtherequiredschemasandusers.
• RMAN>CATALOGDEVICETYPESBTBACKUPPIECE…;
• RMAN>RESTOREDEVICETYPESBTTABLESPACE…TONEWDUMPFILEDATAPUMPDESTINATION‘……';
scp DPfilesandencryptionwallet
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Copyright©2018, Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.
RMANforCloudMigrationsIIIRMANConvertCross-PlatformTransportableTablespace BackupSets
25
• SQL>CREATEDIRECTORYdp_for_cloud AS'/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump/for_cloud';
• SQL>ALTERTABLESPACE…READONLY;
• RMAN>BACKUPDEVICETYPESBTFORTRANSPORTTABLESPACE…DATAPUMPFORMAT'/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump/for_cloud‘;
Mustbecompatiblecharacterset
• RMAN>RESTOREDEVICETYPESBTFROMPLATFORM'Solaris[tm]OE(64-bit)'foreigndatafile ..FORMAT'/…../DBSOL11.26_SOE_INDX_02.1539554166.dbf‘FROMBACKUPSET…;
scp DPfilesandencryptionwallet
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RMANforCloudMigrationsIVRMANDuplicatefromActiveDatabase
26
• PatchsourceDBtothesamelevelofdestinationDB
• DestinationDBmustbesameeditionassource• DBcreatedwheninstanceisprovisionedcanbedeleted• Preparethetargetinstance(listener,wallet,storage)• MakesuresourceDBisreachableonport1521• Startlistenerandinstanceinnomount mode• RMAN>rman targetsys/sourcePassword@sourceNode:1521/SourceDb
auxiliarysys/auxSysPassword@destNode:destListenerPort/auxService• RMAN>duplicatetargetdatabasetodestDb asencryptedfromactive
database• passwordfilespfile• <spfile params>• nofilenamecheck
scp encryptionwalletifsourceDBisTDEencrypted
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RMANforCloudMigrationsVUsingOCIDataTransferService
27
• UseexternaldiskdrivesorastorageappliancetoperformaRMANbackuptodisk
• ShipmediatoOracle
“convert”thediskbackupformattocloudbackup
RMAN>SENDCHANNELt1‘
2>exportbackuppiece /import/o1_mf_nnn.bkp,
3>exportbackuppiece /import/c-40712312-01’;
Performrestoreasinpreviousexamples
scp encryptionwallet
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ProgramAgenda
OracleBackupandRecoverysolutionsoverview
TransparentDataEncryption– BackupImplications
LeveragingBackupforCloudMigrations
ZDLRAandRMAN– ExelonExperience
1
2
3
4
28
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RMAN with ZDLRA at Exelon
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Who am I?
• Been a DBA since 1992 – Oracle 6.0.7
• Various development and Unix System Administration
• From Denmark. Immigrated to the US in 1996. Became a US Citizen in 2015
• Worked in a variety of industries like travel, TV, online gambling and energy
• Currently a DBA Engineer for Exelon Corp. since 2007
30
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Transmission and Delivery
Who We Are
31
Competitive Energy SalesGeneration
One of the largest U.S. competitive power generators32,000 MW of owned capacityLargest U.S. nuclear fleetRenewables - wind and solar
Retail and wholesale sales through ConstellationApproximately 2.5 million residential, public sector and business customers
Three utilities delivering electricity and natural gas to more than 7.8 million customers:•BGE in Maryland•ComEd in Illinois•PECO in Pennsylvania
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Oracle at Exelon
• 2000+ databases total. 320+ production
• DB size ranging from 5GB to 170TB
• Backups to 10 ZDLRA’s– 4 are project specific– 2 are for non-prod
• Replication of all database backups to alternate data center for protection
32
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ZDLRA migration reasons
• Old backup hardware was ready for retirement
• Dollar per protected GB was competitive with other solutions
• Need to minimize Data Loss in protected databases
• Weekly backup sizes are smaller and have much less impact on databases
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ZDLRA – Reduction in volume
• ZDLRA only does 1 full backup and then incremental backups for life.• On average Exelon’s incremental backups are 2% of the total database
size– Huge reduction in IO on local database server– Huge reduction in network traffic– Huge space savings from only storing 1 full backup– No CPU overhead on the local database server from compression.
ZDLRA takes care of that.
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RMAN Parameter configuration with ZDLRA
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RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO 'SBT_TAPE';
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARALLELISM 8 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' FORMAT '%d_%U' PARMS "SBT_LIBRARY=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/libra/libra.so, ENV=(RA_WALLET='location=file:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin credential_alias=baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated')";
RMAN> CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO SHIPPED TO ALL STANDBY BACKED UP 1 TIMES TO 'SBT_TAPE';
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Database Redo Real Time Transport to ZDLRA
• Database sends redo stream to ZDLRA as a log archive destination.
• Database Uses Oracle Wallet to store credentials for connecting to ZDLRA
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RMAN> log_archive_dest_5=‘SERVICE=“baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated", VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES, ALL_ROLES) ASYNC DB_UNIQUE_NAME=baltimore’
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Oracle Wallet Setup to ZDLRA
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sqlnet.ora:
SQLNET.WALLET_OVERRIDE = trueWALLET_LOCATION = (SOURCE = (METHOD = FILE) (METHOD_DATA = (DIRECTORY =$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin ) ) )
Wallet content:
$ mkstore -wrl =$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin -listCredentialOracle Secret Store Tool : Version 12.1.0.2Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
List credential (index: connect_string username)
1: baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated ravpc1
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RMAN Sample backup script to ZDLRA
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RMAN> connect target /
RMAN> connect catalog /@ baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative section size 64g filesperset=1 database;
RMAN> backup archivelog all delete all input;
Archivelogs should already be backed up via Real Time Transport but otherwise a simple script can handle that:
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RMAN Sample restore script from ZDLRA
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RMAN> connect target /
RMAN> connect catalog /@ baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated
RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> recover database;
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RMAN Sample database clone build script from ZDLRA
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RMAN> connect target sys/change_on_install@PROD
RMAN> connect auxiliary /
RMAN> connect catalog /@ baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated
RMAN> run {ALLOCATE AUXILIARY CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE sbt_tapePARMS='SBT_LIBRARY=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/libra/libra.so,ENV=(RA_WALLET='location=file:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin credential_alias=baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated')' FORMAT'%U_%d';
set until time "to_date('10/01/2018','MM/DD/YYYY')";DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO 'TEST';}
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RMAN Sample standby database build script from ZDLRA
RMAN> connect auxiliary /
RMAN> connect catalog /@ baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated
RMAN> run {
set DBID 123456789
ALLOCATE AUXILIARY CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE sbt_tapePARMS='SBT_LIBRARY=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/libra/libra.so, ENV=(RA_WALLET='location=file:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin credential_alias=baltimore-ingest-scan:1521/baltimore:dedicated')' FORMAT'%U_%d';
DUPLICATE DATABASE PROD FOR STANDBY DORECOVER NOFILENAMECHECK;
}
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Summary
• ZDLRA and RMAN makes backups and restores very easy
• In Exelon’s case (35 day retention)– IO and CPU savings by not reading and compressing 360TB/week of
database files for full backups– Network traffic savings of 55TB/week from not performing full
backups (62TB compressed backup vs. 7TB incremental)– Backup media savings of 244TB from only storing 1 full backup
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Copyright©2018, Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.
Wrapup
• Considerthechallengesofencryption
• RMANisapowerfultoolforon-premisesorcloudmigrations• IncombinationwithZDLRAcanprovideadditionalbenefits(attendWednesday’ssessions!)
• ZeroDataLossRecoveryAppliance:LeveragingIntegrationwithOracleCloud[PRO4217]– Wednesday,Oct24th,12:30p.m.|Moscone West- Room3007
• ZeroDataLossRecoveryAppliance:Insider’sGuidetoArchitectureandPractices[TIP4218]– Wednesday,Oct24th,4:45p.m.|Moscone West- Room3007
• Moreoncloudmigrations• OracleDatabaseCloudMigration:Fast,Simple,Universal[TRN4033]
– Thursday,Oct25,09:00AM- 09:45AM|Moscone West- Room3004
RMANcontinuestoevolveafter20years
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Copyright©2018, Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved. Confidential– OracleInternal/Restricted/HighlyRestricted
Q&A
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Copyright©2018, Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved. Confidential– OracleInternal/Restricted/HighlyRestricted
ZeroDataLossRecoveryAppliance:LeveragingIntegrationwithOracleCloud[PRO4217]Wednesday,Oct24th,12:30p.m.|Moscone West- Room3007
ZeroDataLossRecoveryAppliance:Insider’sGuidetoArchitectureandPractices [TIP4218]Wednesday,Oct24th,4:45p.m.|Moscone West- Room3007
OracleDatabase CloudMigration:Fast,Simple,Universal[TRN4033]Thursday,Oct25,09:00AM- 09:45AM|Moscone West- Room3004