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San Diego County
Orchid Society
Orchid Pests
and their
Management
Ken Campbell
8/1/2017
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San Diego County
Orchid Society No Lack of Challenges
• How much light?
• Temperatures?
• Water options... and how often to water
• Fertilizer... which one and how much?
• Pests
• Viral issues
• Bacterial issues
... the list goes on
The goal: Healthy plants that bloom
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Pest Control Strategy
Observe
Diagnose Treat
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San Diego County
Orchid Society The Goal
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San Diego County
Orchid Society The Goal
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San Diego County
Orchid Society The Goal
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Pest Control Strategy
Observe
Diagnose Treat
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Oops!
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San Diego County
Orchid Society More Oops...
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Pest Control Strategy
Observe
Diagnose Treat
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San Diego County
Orchid Society The Usual Suspects
• Aphids (and their friends the ants)
• Mealybug
• Scale
• Mites
• Thrips
• Snails and slugs
needless to say, there are more...
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Aphids
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Their Friend the Ant
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Mealybug
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Scale
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Mites
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Pest Control Strategy
Observe
Diagnose Treat
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Treatment Options
• Isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol 70%
– tooth brush, cotton swab, garden sprayer
– wetting agent (eg liquid soap)
• Horticultural Oils contain petroleum distillates
– smother the insect
• Neem oil
• Insecticidal soaps
– contain pyrethrin and petroleum products
• Growth regulators
Organic?
Non-chemical?
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Treatment Options (con’t)
• Insecticides
– Safari
– Avid
– acephate eg Orthene
– malathion
• Bayer Adv 3-in-1 (Insect, Disease & Mite Control)
– Imidacloprid
– kills many insect pests on contact
– systemic 30 days
– cures/prevents many fungal diseases
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San Diego County
Orchid Society General Guidelines
• Remove visible pests
– toothbrush, hose spray, etc
• Classic prescription is treat every 7-10 days for 3
treatments
– to kill overlapping lifecycles
• Alternate insecticides to avoid resistant populations
• Use wetting agent
– spreads insecticide out
– helps penetrate pests’ outer protections
• Wear protective gear eg gloves, respirator, etc
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Be Safe
21
Pesticide
Respirator
Gloves Powered
Sprayer
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Thrips Challenge
• Very difficult to see this small insect
• Plant damage can be subtle
– rasping mouth parts
• Difficult to control because
– eggs are laid below plant surface, away from
contact insecticides
– part of life cycle can be in the ground or in ground
litter
– flying gives them great mobility
• They love buds and flowers
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Thrips
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Typical Thrip Damage
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San Diego County
Orchid Society My Campaign
• Increased good sanitation ie cleaned up the floor
• Used 3 industrial strength systemic insecticides
– Safari
– Avid
– Acephate (Bonine ‘Systemic Insect Control’)
• Sprayed thoroughly at 5 day intervals
• Rotated among the insecticides
• Used wetting agent to increase effectiveness
• Achieved apparent success, at least temporarily
– Also monitoring with sticky traps
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Thrip Sticky Trap Test
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Snails and Slugs
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Snail and Slug Control
• Bug-Geta Plus
– Metaldehyde – effective snail pesticide
– Carbaryl – insecticide for ants
• remember they team with aphids
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San Diego County
Orchid Society My Typical Weapons
• Ortho Bug-Geta Plus
• Physan 20
• Safari
• Bayer Adv 3-in-1
• Sticky Fly Traps
29
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San Diego County
Orchid Society
I Like Visual
Reminders...
30
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San Diego County
Orchid Society An Ounce of Prevention...
• Sticky traps
– monitor plus help control
• Routine spray campaign
– Spot treat with Bayer Adv 3 in 1
– Safari 3x year
• Practice good sanitation
– remove dead flowers and leaves
– from ground as well as plants
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Where to Turn for Help
• Orchid Hotlines listed in SDCOS Newsletter
• Talk with other growers
– SDCOS community
• The Doctor is in
• Wealth of information online
– start with AOS.org (American Orchid Society)
– websites
– videos
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San Diego County
Orchid Society Closing Thoughts
• Healthy plants are better able to fend off attackers
• Observe and inspect plants often
– automation is not a bad word, but....
– if you think you see a problem, don’t ignore it
• These pests multiply fast, especially in warm
weather
• As your collection gets larger so do the chances of
pests finding it
• The keys to effective pest management
– understand pest
– understand pest management scheme
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San Diego County
Orchid Society It’s Your Turn
• Questions?
• Comments?