![Page 1: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8
![Page 2: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Lab # 8
Lab # 8
Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University
Collage of pharmacy
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
![Page 3: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
lipid
Lipids consist of glycerol and fatty acids "tails".
A lot of lipids function as long-term energy storage.
One gram of fat stores more than twice as much energy as one gram of carbohydrates.
Lipids are also an important component of the cell membrane.
![Page 4: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
lipid
stearic acid: is the saturated fatty acid.
Oliec acid: is the unsaturated fatty acid.
CH3(CH2)16COOH
CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
![Page 5: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
lipid
Glycerol (acylglycerols) : They are esters formed from glycerol
and fatty acids. It can be produced by saponification of
fats.
Glycerol Acylglycerol
![Page 6: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Saponification
![Page 7: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
![Page 8: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
lipidGlycerol Oliec acid stearic acid
viscous liquid Oil Oil State
colorless Yellow colorless
color
odorless Characteristic odor
Characteristic odor
odor
17.8 °C -11 °C 69 °C Melting point
Glycerol is miscible with
water and partially soluble in
organic solvents
insoluble in water, it is soluble in organic
compounds
insoluble in water, it is soluble in organic
compounds
Solubility
![Page 9: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Chemical tests
![Page 10: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chemical test
general
1\Grease spot test
2\Emulsion of lipid
3\Saponification test
Specific 4\Copper acetate test
Chemical test
![Page 11: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
1 \Grease spot test :
To a small amount of lipid add 3ml ether in test tube then pour the mixture in a filter paper.
Result: lipid leave translucent spots (grease spots) on the filter paper.
![Page 12: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2 \Emulsion of lipid:
Pour 2ml of ethanol into a test tube. Add one drop of oil to the ethanol in the test tube. Cover the open end of the test tube with your thumb and shake the test tube thoroughly to mix the contents. Pour the mixture into the second test tube containing about 2ml of water.
![Page 13: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
3 \Saponification test:
Add 1ml of oil to 5ml of NAOH, heat content of the test tube on a water bath the oil will transfer to soap, remove the test tube from the water bath and add 5ml water and mix.
![Page 14: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
4 \Copper acetate test :
In a test tube add small amount of oil + 3ml of ether + 3ml of copper acetate then shake once.
Result: glycerol : 2 layer “ the above layer is
ether and the other layer is copper acetate”
(a specific test)
![Page 15: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
4 \Copper acetate test:
Unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid): 2 layer “ the upper layer colored green and the lower layer colored blue”
Saturated fatty acid (stearic acid): 2
layer “Appearance of white blue ppt. at the bottom of the upper layer”.
![Page 16: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Copper acetate test:
![Page 17: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II LAB#8. Lab # 8 Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University Collage of pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649c9d5503460f9495c548/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Thank you