![Page 1: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Organic Molecules
![Page 2: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Carbohydrates
• AKA Sugars
• Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar)
• Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
1:2:1
Glucose Sucrose
C6H12O6 C12H22O11
***Dehydration synthesis
![Page 3: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Carbohydrates (Cont.)
• Uses:
1) Energy source for living things
2) Structural purposes
Cell wall – Plants – Made of cellulose
Insect Exoskeleton – Chitin
![Page 4: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Carbohydrates (Cont.)
• Types/Examples:
1) Monosaccharides – Single sugar
C6H12O6
2) Disaccharide – Two sugars
C12H22O11
3) Polysaccharide – Many sugars
Long chains of hundreds
![Page 5: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Carbohydrates (Cont.)
• Examples of Polysaccharides 1) Starch (Plants) / Glycogen (Animals) Long chains of glucose – Short term sugar storage 2) Cellulose Thousands of glucose molecules Makes up the cell wall *Humans can’t digest
![Page 6: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Lipids
• AKA Fats, Oils, Waxes• Monomer: Glycerol
and Fatty Acids• Structure: Non-polar
molecules
Composed of C, H,and O
![Page 7: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Lipids (Cont.)
• Uses:
1) Energy storage
2) Make up cell membrane
3) Waterproof coverings
4) Chemical messengers
![Page 8: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lipids (Cont.)Saturated Fats: Maximum # of H NO DOUBLE BOND Clog arteries Come from animals
Unsaturated Fats: Not saturated with H Contains a double bond Do not clog arteries Come from plantsPolyunsaturated: More than one double bond
![Page 9: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Proteins
• Monomer: Amino Acids• Structure: Long chains of amino acids Composed mostly of COHN There are only 20 different amino acids Works like the alphabet All are exactly the same except for the side group
![Page 10: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Proteins (Cont.)
• Uses:
1) Control rate of reaction (Enzymes)
2) Regulate cell processes (Hormones)
3) Movement (Muscles)
4) Structure (Tendons/Cartilage)
5) Transport substances (Hemoglobin)
6) Fight disease (Antibodies)
![Page 12: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Proteins (Cont.)
• Examples: See previous slide
Enzymes – Speed up chemical reactions
Lock and Key Model
![Page 13: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nucleic Acids
• Monomer: Nucleotides
• Structure:
![Page 14: Organic Molecules. Carbohydrates AKA Sugars Monomer: Monosaccharide (single sugar) Structure: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1 GlucoseSucrose C 6 H 12 O](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f4c5503460f94c6cb43/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Nucleic Acids (Cont.)
• Uses: Store and transmit genetic info
• Types/Examples:
DNA RNA
Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose
Function Blueprint for life Carries DNA info from nucleus out to other cell parts