Download - ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR Finance & Banking Jahangirnagar University Mahfuza Khatun Lecturer, F & B, JU Mahfuza Khatun Lecturer, F & B, JU Empowerment and

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

Finance & BankingJahangirnagar University

Mahfuza KhatunLecturer, F & B, JU

Mahfuza KhatunLecturer, F & B, JU

Empowerment and Participation

Chapter 8

1. The nature of empowerment and its prerequisites

2. The participative process

3. Benefits of participation

4. Types of participative programs

5. Limitations of participation

AFTER STUDYING THIS CHAPTER,YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND:

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Mahfuza KhatunLecturer, F & B,JU

Empowerment: is any process that provides greater autonomy to employees through

Sharing of relevant information Control over factors affecting job performance

Nature of Empowerment and Participation:



Five Broad Approaches to Empowerment:1. Job mastery: Proper training, coaching, and guided experience that

will result in initial successes

2. Control: Giving them discretion over job performance and then holding them accountable for outcomes.

3. Role models: Allowing them to observe peers who already perform successfully on the job.

4. Social reinforcement and persuasion: Giving praise, encouragement and verbal feedback designed to raise self confidence

5. Emotional support: Providing reduction of stress and anxiety through better role definition, task assistance and honest caring.

Nature of Empowerment and Participation (Contd.):



Nature of Empowerment and Participation (Contd.):



The process of empowermentFigure 8-1

Participation: is the mental and emotional involvement of people in group situations that encourages them to contribute to group goals and share responsibility for them.

It identifies three important ideas-

• Involvement: Participation means meaningful involvement rather than mere muscular activity.

• Motivation to Contribute: It motivate people to contribute.

• Acceptance of Responsibility: Participation encourages people to accept responsibility in their group’s activities.

What is Participation?



Participation leads to• Improved performance• Higher job satisfaction• Spirit• Desire• Expectations• Ethical imperatives

Why Is Participation Popular?



• Higher output• Better quality• Creativity• Innovation• Higher motivation• Reduced turnover and absences• Better communication

Benefits of Participation:



The Participative Process:



Prerequisites for Participation :



1.Adequate time to participate2.Potential benefits greater than costs3.Relevance to employee interests4.Adequate employee abilities5.Mutual ability to communicate6.No feeling of threat to either party7.Restriction to the area of job freedom

Contingency Factors :



Emotional intelligenceDiffering employee needs for participationResponsibilities of employees and manager

Expectations of Employees:



All employees should agree to…

Be responsible for their actionsOperate within organizational policiesBe contributing team membersRespect and try to use the perspectives of othersBe dependable and ethicalDemonstrate responsible self-leadership

Expectations of Managers:



Responsibilities of managers…

Identifying the issues to be addressedSpecifying the level of involvement desiredProviding relevant information Providing relevant trainingAllocating fair rewards

Programs for Participation:



• Figure 8-8 Selected types of participative programs

Limitations of Participation:



Negative Forces Affecting Participation

•Theory X beliefs and assumptions•Lack of support from higher levels•Manager fear of lost power, status, and control•Lack of adequate training•Problems encountered in early stages•Substantial efforts needed to implement

Questions



Download - ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR Finance & Banking Jahangirnagar University Mahfuza Khatun Lecturer, F & B, JU Mahfuza Khatun Lecturer, F & B, JU Empowerment and

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