Download - Osteoporosis
OSTEOPOROSIS
Hamad Emad H. Dhuhayr
CONTENTS
• DEFINITION
• ETIOLOGY
• CLINICAL PICTURE
• INVESTIGATION
• TREATMENT
DEFINITION
• Osteoporosis or bone thinning is a disease characterized by a decrease in bone
mass and density; that's to say, bones become more porous, fragile, and
breakable due to the loss of calcium. And the most common fractures are those
occurring in the areas of hip, spine and wrist.
ETIOLOGY
• TYPE OF PRIMARY OSTEOPOROSIS
CONT….
SECONDARY OSTEOPOROSIS IN ADULTS:-
1. Endocrinal
2. Malnutrition or malabsorption
3. Neoplastic
4. Connective tissue disease
5. Miscellanous
CLINICAL PICTURE
• Bone pain
• Deformities: kyphosis, vertebral
collapse with los of height
• Pathological fracture
Deferential diagnosis
1. Osteomalacia osteoporosis
• Unwell well
• Generalized chronic ache pain after #
• Muscles weakness muscle normal
• Looser’s zone absent
• Ph3 decrease normal
• Alk. Ph3ase increase normal
INVESTIGATION
• A- lab
plasma:-
Ca, p and alkaline p >>>>>normal except in recent fracture, it is elevated
• B- x-ray
• C- DEXA
DXA-BONE DENSITY TESTING
TREATMENT
Prevention:
• Getting vitamin D.
• Exposing to sunrays for a period not less than 20 minutes a day.
• Avoiding hard physical activities.
• Improving the lifestyle.
• Maintaining an ideal weight.
• Good nutrition.
• Stop smoking, alcohol – hip protect
CONT…
Medications
1. Ca and vit D
2. Bisphosphonate: Alendronate
3. SERM: Raloxifen
4. Estrogen replacement therapy
5. Androgen or anabolic steroid in male
6. Calcitonin spray
7. Recombinant human pth
8. Stronium ralenate
9. Analgesic pain
REFFRENCES
• KUMAR
• CECIEL
• WEBSITE