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Oxidation- Reduction Reactions
Objectives: Define oxidation, reduction, reducing and oxidizing agent
Gather and evaluate data in order to determine if an oxidation-reduction reaction as taken place
Create a graph of collected data
Identify independent and dependent variables
Construct a hypothesis
Analyze data; prove or disprove hypothesis by using data
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Oxidation Involves a loss of Electrons
• Some books define oxidation as reaction in which a substance gains oxygen or loses hydrogen.
• It is also defined as “a reaction that removes one or more electrons”
• You’ve seen rusted iron and burning wood. Each chemical reaction is fueled by oxygen.
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Slow Oxidation
• Slow oxidation: matter links up with oxygen very slowly.
• There is no flame
• Heat is given off, but cannot be felt
• What happens to a potato if cut and left unwrapped?• What happens to an apple when it is cut and left expose
to air? What does lemon juice do to cut apples?
• Ex: rusting of iron, the decay of food, the food we eat oxidizes slowly in order to supply us with the energy to live.
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Rapid Oxidation
• Rapid oxidation: oxygen links up with other matter very rapidly. The chemical reaction gives off a flame and a lot of heat.
• The flame is rapid oxidation
• Rapid oxidization is the same as “Combustion” : The oxidizing reaction of an organic compound, in which heat is released.
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How can oxidation be prevented?
• To prevent oxidation, you must prevent oxygen from coming into contact with the material
• People paint their cars to prevent the metal from rusting
• Food is wrapped in plastic wrap or aluminum foil
• Stays fresher longer.
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Reduction
• Reduction: chemical change in which electrons are gained, either by the removal of oxygen, the addition of hydrogen, or the addition of electrons.
• Think about the addition of lemon juice to a cut apple….oxidation is greatly decreased. • Lemon juice is an acid
• How do you know this? You can visually see that the lemon juice creates a barrier between itself and the environment, the browning effects will not occur as quickly.
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Redox reactions
• Oxidation-reduction reactions: any chemical change in which one species loses electrons (oxidized) and another is reduced(gains electrons); also called redox reaction
• Redox reactions saves lives!• Airbags are filled with sodium azide (NaN3) and iron (III) oxide. Upon
impact the mixture is automatically ignited. NaN3 decomposes in a redox reaction to form sodium and nitrogen