P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Achievements of the LowE e.m. WG
Petteri Nieminen & Maria Grazia Pia
Geant4 Workshop
Paris, 16-20 October 2000
http://www.ge.infn.it/lowE/
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Birth and growthof the Low Energy e.m. Physics WG
We applied for the creation of a new LowE e.m. WG in March 2000
WG created by the CB in April 2000 9 members at the time of the creation
3 of the initial members lost including holder of full time contract
33 members now 3 new applications to be examined
this week by CB/TSB 3 new affiliations of existing
collaborators Contacts in progress with 3 new
groups interested to join
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
How we work
Promotion of cross-WG activities Close relationship with user communities
Regular Working Group meetings Emphasis on training of all group members
Active strategy of talks and publications for promotion of Geant4 and our own products as an incentive and reward for the group members
Goal-directed project management
Spiral cyclic software processCharacterized by
Wide spectrum of development:Physics
Applications
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Milestones
LowE e.m. Milestone Document, TSB April 2000
Assessment of the physics implementation
Physics updates and extensions
Software quality and software process improvement
Testing
Design improvement
Documentation and promotion
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Assessment
Thorough assessment of the existing software
design implementations physics performance testing tools
Comparisons with experimental data Comparisons with Standard e.m.
processes in common validity range for debugging purpose
bugs and problems found and corrected
both in LowE and Standard...
Close collaboration with user groups in the assessment
Application to microdosimetry and nanodosimetry
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
New physics
New model for positive charged hadrons (Ziegler 1985) Improvements on straggling (hadrons and ions) Introduction of a dynamic dependence on effective charge
into the range calculation Improvements in the validity range of ray production New models for ion energy loss fluctuations New model for negative charged hadrons
first model was limited to a set of materials then extended to all elements, based on theoretical calculations
OO Analysis started for positrons
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
0.01 0.1 1 100.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Geant4 LowEn NIST
/ (
cm 2
/g)
in ir
on
Photon Energy (MeV)
0.01 0.1 1 10
0.1
1
10
Geant4 LowEn NIST
/
(cm
2 /g
) in
wat
er
Photon Energy (MeV)
0.01 0.1 1 10-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Delta = (NIST-G4EMStand) / NIST Delta = (NIST-G4LowEn) / NIST
Del
ta (
%)
Photon Energy (MeV)
0.01 0.1 1
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Geant4 LowEn NIST
/ (
cm 2
/ g
in le
ad
Photon energy (MeV)
0.01 0.1 1-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10 E = (NIST - G4EM Standard)/NIST E = (NIST- G4LowEn)/NIST
E (
%)
Photon Energy (MeV)
Results, photons
water Fe Pb
0.01 0.1 1 10-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-202468
1012141618
E = (NIST-G4EMStandard)/NIST E = (NIST-G4LowEn)/NIST
E (
%)
Photon Energy (MeV)
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Results, protons and ions
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Plans for extensions
Foreseen extensions include:
polarisation in conversion
polarisation in Compton effect
Doppler broadening
Auger electrons
models to handle material dependent effects at very low energies
reengineering of Penelope models into Geant4
components of interest for space/astrophysics applications
components of interest for medical applications
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Software Process Improvement
Huge effort invested into SPI started from level 0 chaotic, left to heroic improvisation
On-going process the results of the assessment are
probably already quite obsolete for the LowE e.m. WG...
A sample of the improvements: establishment and management
of User Requirements Document
establishment and documentation of procedures
design before coding designs and testing under
configuration management identification of tasks and
responsibilities tracking
...too long to list all the improvements
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Internal training
Substantial investment in the internal training in the WG guided readings code reviews mentoring introduction to basic concepts in software process and OO methodologies
Visible effects on the quality of the software and of the process
Great interest among the developers who demand more of it
Perhaps a suggestion for a collaboration-wide programme?
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Testing
Two system tests
No unit tests
No testing procedures
Physics tests in personal accounts only
No distinction between tests and examples
Suite of unit tests
Suite of physics tests
Two system tests
Tests and examples are separated
Testing procedures
Testing integrated with development
from... to...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Design
Initial situation: no architectural nor detailed design no design process
Massive improvement of the design and design process needed spiral cyclic process design iteration in the hadron/ion domain design documentation
Reverse engineering of existing classes
Further design iterations already planned
Education to design and design process in the WG
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
from...
Top level class diagramRD44 Geant4alpha
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Top level class diagram
obtained from reverse engineering...
to...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Design: electrons
from...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Design: electronsto...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Design: photons
from...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Design: photonsto...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Design:hadrons, ions
from...
(reverse engineering...)
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
to...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Documentation
User Documentation Included LowE documentation in Application Developer Guide Expanded LowE documentation in Physics Reference Manual Identified wrong documentation in Toolkit Developer Guide
Internal documentation• procedures design tests
Web page
http://www.ge.infn.it/lowE/
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Conferences 2000-2001
CHEP 2000 (2) Padova, February ESA-CERN workshop CERN, April PTCOG Uppsala, April ICCR Heidelberg, May Workshop on Space Radiation Research Arona, May ESTRO Istanbul, September Calor 2000 Annecy, October MC 2000 (3) 3 INFN preprints Lisbon, October AIRO Pisa, October ESTEC TOS-EMA Final Presentation Days ESTEC, December
Seminars (DESY, Frascati, Genova, Rome, Stockholm, Udine)
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Publications
General LowE paper
Electrons and photons
Positive hadrons
Ions
Antiprotons
Microdosimetry
Space telescope general facility
Brachytherapy general facility
Brachytherapy comparison project
Design of the LowE package
The following publications on refereed journals are planned in the short term:
Drafts already available for some of them
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Other activities
Three advanced examples developed by the LowE WG X-ray telescope -ray telescope brachytherapy
to be released in December
Collaboration with AIDA analysis tools group Collaboration with other WGs: UI/GUI, Visualisation
The examples/advanced directory has been empty since the time of the Niigata Workshop (July 1998)...
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
The user community The WG promotes close contacts with its users Large user community, in expansion
excellent relationships with our users users often contact us directly the promotion through conferences, seminars, and web pages plays a
fundamental role in the contacts with user communities URD created, maintained and regularly updated Fruitful collaboration with users on testing
“I really appreciate your support and I know you are doing your best. If youneed any additional information, do not hesitate to contact me.”
“Thank you very much for pointing out the pertinent parameters.I truly appreciate the time and effort you put into answering my questions.”
Excerpts of communications with users on Problem Reports:
P. Nieminen & M.G. Pia
Conclusions
We fulfilled all our milestones.
On time.
We hope to have demonstrated to the Collaboration that the creation of the LowE e.m. WG has been fruitful to Geant4