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Kilonova:
A New Era in Astronomy
Dr. Steven Ball
LeTourneau University
May 14, 2018
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Multi-Messenger Astronomy using
Gravitational Wave Observatories
Large Interferometric Gravitational Wave Observatory
LIGO – Hanford, WA
LIGO – Livingston, LA
Virgo Observatory
Pisa, Italy
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Sources of Gravitational Waves (GW)
General Relativity predicts GW emitted by Accelerated Mass, e.g. rapidly orbiting binary neutron stars (pulsars), producing orbital decay.
Taylor & Hulse, Nobel Prize 1993
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GW Strength & Frequency Increase as
Binary System Approaches Merger
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LIGO Signals on Sept. 14, 2015
implied Distant Black Hole Merger
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LIGO – Virgo Signals on Aug 17, 2017
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Fermi Gamma Space Telescope sees
Signal just 1.7 sec later!
Fermi localizes gamma signal to same region of sky as LIGO/Virgo GW signal –likely same source!
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The Era of Multi-Messenger Astronomy
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Swope Telescope in Chile
Finds New Light Source
Accompanying Light Signals in addition to the lengthy 100 second long GW Signals strongly suggest Merging Binary Neutron Star System – Kilonova!
After 10 hours a new light source is found in the constellation Hydra on the outskirts of galaxy NGC 4993
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Ground-Based Observatories
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Modeling the Kilonova Event
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Kilonova – Site of R-Process
Nucleosynthesis of Heavy Elements
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New Version of Origin of Elements
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Hubble Expansion Rate
Using GW Signal Strength
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Conclusion: Kilonova
A New Era in Astronomy