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Patterns and the UML
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Patterns?
• Patterns are structured, packaged problem solutions in literary form
• Pattern languages are collections of related patterns that have a common domain
• They have some advantages over development methods
• They may form a basis for designing software development courses
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Development Patterns
Patterns instead of a development method
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Other Patterns
• When to use Soft Systems• How to harvest use cases from soft models• How to develop a good use case model• How to develop a sequence diagram from a
use case• How to develop a class diagram from a set of
sequence diagrams• How to map a class diagram to code
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Examples of Design Patterns
Patterns for designing software systems
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Research Resources
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Pattern Language for IR Software Design
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Example Pattern
Problem
• In order to efficiently solve the users information problem the user and the IRS have to gain a mutual understanding of what the user wants and what the system can do.
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Example Pattern
Solution
• Let the system behave like a human partner, who hypothesizes, poses questions and offers alternatives in order to find out what the users goals, problems and questions are and to expose it’s capabilities to the user.
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Example Pattern
Application
• Pandora.com is a music database, where artists are classified according to several criteria. The service engages the user in a dialogue to find out what the user’s preferences regarding music are:
– The user initially enters an artist he likes or is interested in– The service plays a song from this artist– If the user likes this sample, she can ask for similar artists– The service presents samples from other artists based on similarity.
It also gives a rationale why this sample was chosen.
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Example Pattern
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Example Pattern
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Another Pattern – “More of this”
• How can you convince the user to follow suggestions on similar documents or alternative queries without wasting too much screen space?
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More of this
• There are many ways to infer similar or related documents for result sets as well as single documents (e.g. Good Hit Good Example).
• Because these related results were not what the user explicitly asked for, it is not a good idea to use a lot of screen space to show the whole list of them.
• On the other hand just placing a link to e.g. a list of similar documents might not be convincing enough.
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More of this
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Related Patterns
• The underlying principle is similar to Good Hit Good Example, in that a more or less abstract concept is replaced by some examples or placeholders which the users can easily evaluate.
• This pattern should be used, whenever the IRS makes proactive suggestions to the user (TEACH THE TAXONOMY CASUALLY, GOOD HIT GOOD EXAMPLE, SHOW THE TREASURES)
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Example Patterns
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New Pattern Languages
• For information seeking• For designing information retrieval systems• For stimulating creativity
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Pedagogical Patterns
Patterns to help with teaching and learning
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Sources of inspiration
• Pedagogical patterns project• Joseph Bergin