Download - Pedestrian and Bicycle facility planning for kochi city region,part 1 study area introduction
PEDESTRIAN FACILITY PLANNING FOR KOCHI CITY
REGION
ARUN C BABU12AR60R09
MCP 2 N D YEAR
KOCHI CITY
•Situated south west of Ernakulum district, in central Kerala.•Located facing the Arabian sea in the Ernakulum district of Kerala.•Commercial capital of Kerala .
•Largest urban agglomeration in the state & 2nd largest on the western coast.
CLIMATE•Kochi features a tropical monsoon climate. •Annual temperatures range between 23 to 31 °c (73–88 °f).• Average annual rainfall is 3,228.3 mm •South-west monsoon from June to September and northeast monsoon from October to December.
Source : http://www.corporationofcochin.net/
PROFILE OF THE CITY – DEMOGRAPHY
1981 1991 2001 2011
Persons 513249 564589 596473 601574
Males 258323 283432 295351 296668
Females 254926 281157 301122 304906
50,000
150,000
250,000
350,000
450,000
550,000
650,000
Population of Kochi city
Kerala Eranakulam Kochi city88
90
92
94
96
98
100
Literacy rate comparison
averagemalefemale
Source : Censes of India, 2011
Source : Censes of India, 2011
•Nearly 2.5 lakhs people commute to the city center daily.•In the next 20 years, the population of Kochi city is expected to touch 2 million mark.
1981 1991 2001 20110
5
10
15
2016.63
105.65 0.8600
0000000000
1
Decadal growth rate (%)
Decadal growth rate (%)
Source : Censes of India, 2011
PROFILE OF THE CITY – ECONOMY
Government service 2.61%
Private service 0.12%
Industry service 1.95%
Business 0.15%
Professional 3.97%
Cultivator 3.89%
Casual laborer 13.22%
Retired 6.11%
Unemployed 1.00%
Housewife 23.42%
Student 22.53%
Others 6.44%
Not specified 14.58%
Distribution of population according to occu-pational status
Source: CDP, Kochi city
Economic base:Export and import
Fishing
Manufacturing industries like FACT, Travancore cochin chemicals, HMT, Apollo tyres, shipbuilding etc.
Information technology and information technology enabled services: Wipro, TATA consultancy services and cognizant have an active presence in the city.
Tourism sectorBanking and finance sectorPort activitiesCochin stock exchange
PROFILE OF THE CITY- TRANPORT NETWORK
ROAD NETWORK The city has a road density of 1.03 km
per 1,000 population and 6.47 km per sq km of developed area.
NH 17, NH 47 and NH 49 connects city with other regions
3%9%
25%64%
DISTRIBUTION OF ROAD NETWORK
Arterial road Sub-arterial road
Collector street Local streets
Source: Traffic and Transportation System Study for Cochin City, NATPAC, Final Report, October 2008
53%35%
8%3% 1%
DISTRIBUTION OF ROAD NETWORK IN KOCHI CITY ACCORDING TO RIGHT-OF-
WAY < 5 m5m - 10 m10m - 20 m20 m - 30 m>40 m
Source: CDP, Kochi city
RAIL NETWORK Cochin City has the benefit of two major railway stations viz., Ernakulum Town (North), and
Ernakulum Junction (South). Cochin City is connected to major urban centers in the State as well as to the up-country
destinations through two major railway lines. These are,
• The Thiruvanathapuram-Thrissur railway line via Kottayam.• The railway line from Kayamkulam to Ernakulam via Alappuzha.•WATER TRANSPORT NETWORK
Kochi has a good network of inland waterway system consisting of backwaters, canals, lagoons and estuaries. National Waterway No.3 connecting Kollam and Kottappuram passes through the region. The State Water Transport Department (SWTD), Kerala Shipping and Inland Navigation Corporation (KSINC) and private operators are providing passenger and cargo boat services to the nearby islands and industrial centers located in this region.
AIR CONNECTIVITYCochin International Airport (CIAL) , situated at Nedumbassery is about 28 km (17 mi) north of Kochi
city, and handles both domestic and international flights.
PROFILE OF THE CITY- TRANPORT NETWORK
STUDY AREA
RAILWAY STATION
BOAT JETTY
KSRTC BUS STAND
PRIVATE BUS STAND
HIGH COURT
INTERNATIONAL STADIUM
MOBILITY HUB
PROPOSED METRO STATIONS
112,674 120,40174,214
14,824 17,672
121,514
PASSENGER AND VEHICULAR TRIPS AT OUTER CORDON POINTS
Passenger Trips Vehicular Trips
STUDY AREA – TRIP CHARACTERISTICS
Source: RITES Primary Survey, 2000.
1989 - 1990 1994 - 1995 2002 - 2003 2003 - 2004 2004 - 20050
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
Goods VehicleBus/ Mini BusCar/ Jeep/ Van3 Wheelers2 WheelersOthers
Source: Economic Review, Kerala State Planning Board
VEHICULAR GROWTH TREND
•The average daily traffic varies from 21,347 PCUs to 60833 PCUs.
• The highest traffic is observed on the north ROB on the Banerji road followed by Kaloor on NH47.
•The traffic intensity is very high along the south rob on SA road which is of the order of 42,672 PCUs.
•About 44,000 vehicle trips and about 3.7 lakhs passenger trips are performed on an average day.
Public bus
Inst bus Own car
Own TW
Share Car
Share TW
Auto Taxi Walk Ferry/boat
Train Unspec-ified
Percent 59.55 2.49 7.19 24.75 0.5 0.92 3.74 0.850000000000001
20.42 0.330000000000001
0.04 3.15
5
35
65
Distribution of person trips according to mode of travel in kochi city
Work Part of work
Personal business
Shopping Recreation Social Education Back Home
Percentage of trip makers
32.28 1.34 2.53 1.77 3.9 4.92 3.29 49.96
52545
Distribution of person trips according to trip purpose in Kochi city
Source: Transportation study of kochi city - NATPAC, Trivandrum
STUDY AREA – TRIP CHARACTERISTICS
SCOPE OF STUDY
2%6%
92%
Distribution of foot path in Kochi city
Foot path on one sideFoot path on both sideNo foot path
8%
68%
24%
Distribution of Drainage facility in Kochi city
covered drainuncovered drainno drain
car2 wheelerbus auto0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
internal to externalexternal to internalexternal to externalTOTAL
car 2 wheeler bus auto05
1015202530354045
internal to externalexternal to internalexternal to ex-ternalTOTAL
Distribution of Passenger Trips by Mode Distribution of vehicular Trips by Mode
Source: NATPAC Report 2006, Master Plan study for CoC.
Source: Comprehensive study for GCDA area by RITES.Source: Comprehensive study for GCDA area by RITES.
Source: NATPAC Report 2006, Master Plan study for CoC.
AIM & OBJECTIVES
AIM - to asses the adequacy of pedestrian facilities in Kochi city region and formulate strategies and plans for pedestrian friendly urban transport for city region.
To achieve this objectives,
a) Asses existing condition of the roads
b) Asses the existing pedestrian facilities
c) Identify conflict points
d) understand the density of pedestrian movement.
e) Asses the feasibility of introduction of non motorised transport
f) Asses the social economic and democratic profile on pedestrians and their travel characteristics through user surveys
g) Formulation of suitable proposals for improving pedestrian mobility.
h) proposals to improve the safety of pedestrian movement and reduction of vehicle-pedestrian conflicts.
METHODOLOGY
Identification issues
Formulation of aim, objective and scope of study
Literature review and case studies
Data collection
Primary data- Pedestrian and vehicular volume count survey- Pedestrian speed survey- Opinion survey-Road inventory survey--user preference survey
Secondary data- Land use maps- Traffic data- Parking data- Accident data
Analysis
AssessmentLocating
problem areas Identification of potential and constraints
Pedestrian network guidlines
Proposals
INDICATORS FOR PEDESTRIAN PROBLEMS
1. Volume-capacity ratioIt is the ratio of demand flow rate to capacity for a traffic facility.
a) V/C Ratio ≥ 1.0 Severe congestion b) V/C Ratio 0.75 to 1.0 Moderate congestion c) V/C Ratio 0.5 to 0.74 Limited congestion d) V/C Ratio < 0.5 No congestionThe degree of congestion is defined as follows:
2. Pedestrian-vehicle conflict
•It reflects the intensity of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts on a link and is represented by PV2 values
•For a road section with refuge, a value of PV2 greater than 2x108 and for a road section without refuge, PV2 value greater than 108 indicates a higher level of conflicts.
•A divided carriageway could be considered to have reduced impact of PV2 value by 50%.
Where Dc = Degree of CongestionSp = Maximum Speed posted in km/hSo = Observed Link Speed in km/hA value below 40 for degree of congestion is acceptable.
Sp-So
Dc = -------- * 100 Sp
3. WALKABILITY INDEX Factors affecting walkability include:
• presence or absence of quality footpaths,• sidewalks or pedestrian right of way,• traffic and roadway conditions,• land use pattern,• building accessibility • safety among others
The important infrastructure factors that influence the walkability are given below:
• Access to public transport services• Presence of quality footpaths• Street furniture• Traffic volume, speed and wind conditions• Buffers to moving traffic (curb side parking)• Pedestrian crossings• Aesthetics to nearby local destinations• Shade or sun shine in appropriate seasons
• MICRO CLIMATE ANALYSIS
The pedestrian movement is affected by micro climate factors such as,• rain fall• humidity• atmospheric temperature• wind flow
REFERENCES
NATPAC Report 2006, Master Plan study for CoC. City development plan, Kochi http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernakulam http://www.corporationofcochin.net/ http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/kerala/kochi.htm http://censusindia.gov.in/
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