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Pennsylvania Bureau of Deep Mine Safety
Slips, Trips and Falls
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The Big Picture
Where are you more likely to receive a disabling injury?
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The Big Picture
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What causes the most fatal accidents?
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The Big Picture Total Fatal Accidents Nationwide
• Motor Vehicle 41,200
• Falls 16,600• Poisoning 8,400
• Drowning 4,100
• Fires and Burns 3,700
• Top 5 since 1970National Safety Council 1998
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Length of employment
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
6 mo or<7-12 mo1-3 years3-5 years5-10years>10 yearsunknown
NIOSH 1980-1994
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Pennsylvania Mining slip trip and fall accidents
1989-1999
Bituminous 2028 total 1720 lost time
Anthracite 539 total 451 lost time
Industrial Minerals 133 total 101 lost time
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Top 10 BituminousSlip, Trip and Fall Accidents
• 960 – Mine Floor• 194 – Ground• 142 – Mining Machines/Mobile Equip• 119 – Wires/Metal covers/Pipes• 101 – Floors (not underground)• 80 - Broken Rock/Coal• 60 - Wood/Concrete Blocks• 58 - Conveyors• 47 - Rails• 46 - Steps
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Top 10 Anthracite
• 224 – Ground• 65 - Mobile Equip• 57 – Floor (not underground)• 31 - Steps• 21 – Metal Covers/Guards• 17 - Ladders• 17 - Pipes/Wires• 16 – Mine Floor • 15 – Broken Rock• 10 - Scaffolds
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Top 10 Industrial Minerals
• 34 – Ground• 24 – Floor (not underground)• 22 – Misc.• 13 – Mine Floor• 12 – Metal Covers/Pipe• 10 – Steps• 7 – Broken Rock• 5 – Mobile Equip• 4 – Conveyors• 2 - Ladders
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Develop a fall prevention plan
1. Address all aspects of hazards
2. Identify all Fall hazards
3. Train employees to recognize Fall hazards
4. Perform a job hazard analysis for each task
5. Provide appropriate equipment
6. Conduct safety inspections at the site
7. Encourage employee participation
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Types of Falls
Same Level
Elevated
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Fall Prevention
“The eyes have it”
Look where you’re going
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Fall Prevention
Traction
Wear the correct shoes for the job.
Provide shoe cleaning devices
Slip resistance walk surfaces
Ice melt or sand
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Steps and Inclined Walkways
• Substantial hand rails
• Slip resistant treads
• Corrosion
• Lighting
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Walkways
• Identify
• Keep clear of obstructions
• Clean up spills
• Provide good lighting
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Equipment
• Ladders
• Handrails
• Steps
• Shoe cleaner
While Climbing on and off
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Ladders
• Long enough to reach
• Non-conductive side rails
• Stable level surfaces
• 3 Feet above the upper landing
• Height-to-base ratio 4 feet to 1 foot
• Assistance during ascent or decent
• Never lean more than 12 inches beyond side rail
• Carry tools in a tool belt
• Three points of contact
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Passive Fall Protection
• Guardrails
• Railings
• Safety nets
• Hole Covers
Passive systems protect workers without additional action on their own behalf.
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Active System
• Full body harness – distributes fall forces to minimize injury.
• Lanyard – shock absorbing.
• Attached to a proper anchorage point – sufficient to withstand 5000 pounds or two times the load expected.
Requires worker to take positive action to prevent falls
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Human Factors
• Eye sight• Age• Balance• Medications, Alcohol, Drug
effects
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Recap
• Make a Plan
• Involve Employees
• Clear Walkways
• Clean up Spills
• Provide Traction
• Passive / Active Fall Protection
• Eliminate the Fall Hazard