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Diego Navarra, PhD UNECE – WPLA Conference
Supporting Global Economic Recovery:The Role of Land Registration Authorities
London 10-13th October 2012
Perspectives on Urban Sustainability and the Evaluation of Geo-ICT for Land Governance
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Likely Scenarios if Climate Change Continues
Diego Navarra, CERISDI – Summer School ‘Territorial Analysis and Planning’ 25 July 2012
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• Urban areas influence various types of global environmental changes, affecting land use and cover, biogeochemical cycles, hydrosystems and biodiversity.
• Urban areas contribute significantly to climate change (the world’s 20 large cities consume 80% of the world energy with urban areas generating 80% of the greenhouse gas emission worldwide).
• More than 1/3 of CO2 emissions within the EU are directly caused by residential and commercial buildings.
Context
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
Broad Urban Sustainability Evaluation Issues (Environmental, Social, Economic)
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
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Nordic Case Studies on Urban Sustainability
• OULU – a smart arctic cleantech city
The City of Oulu is already a leader in Finland in energy efficient building construction and city planning. Currently construction is one of the biggest investment sectors in Oulu; more than 90 per cent of new houses use low energy building principles. The goal is that all new houses will be passive houses by 2015, using zero energy building principles, and carbon neutral by 2020.
• Swedish SymbioCity Concept: there are potential synergies in urban functions that can be combined for increased efficiency and profitability. A holistic approach to urban planning can save money, time and resources. If you treat the urban functions as parts of the same system 1+1 can easily add to more than 2.
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
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Nordic Case Studies on Urban Sustainability
• Eco-efficient TampereSince the launch of the ECO2 project, the
emphasis on climate and energy issues in the city has grown steadily. The eco-efficiency of new urban plans is assessed comprehensively and energy system analyses in new areas are made. All new buildings in Tampere have to be at least energy class A from the beginning of 2012. Finland’s first passive energy daycare centre started its operation in Tampere in the beginning of 2012. A new information centre for energy efficiency in construction and housing was opened in 2011.
• Sustainable urban transport in DenmarkUnderlining the bicycle’s strong position in the
Danish transport system is a deliberate integration of cycling into transport policies and urban planning by Danish municipalities. Thus, cycling is an integral part of infrastructure development in cities and towns with continuous investments in bicycle lanes and bicycle parking. The Danish Government has a clear ambition to further increase the use of bicycles. An ambitious cycling policy was launched in January 2009 as part of a larger green transport agreement.
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
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Role & Significance of the Cadastre?
Source: Williamson, Enemark, Wallace, Rajabifard, 2010
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
Measuring Urban Sustainability: the Amsterdam Sustainability Index
And many, many more ....
GEO-ICT & Land Governance
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
Ontwikkelen praktijkrichtlijn op basis van ISO 19117
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Evaluation of Geo-ICT for Land GovernaceInter-disciplinary Perspectives View on geo-information
Value for Public Sector Governance?
Illustrative Geo-ICT Applications
Urban and regional economics
public good which can be used to discipline the spatial structure of the urban economy
Efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability
SDSS for spatial planning and decision making, GIS for simulation of different types of land use, GIS based tool to improve coherence between spatial and environmental policies, visualization of different planning scenarios
Techno/legal/ managerial
standardisable, formal and quantitiave way to mediate spatial knowledge
Efficiency, effectiveness, legitimacy, privacy
LIS for zoning and spatial planning decisions, future landscape development, e-land administration for automation of land registration process, provision of digital land records, electronic conveyancing systems and electronic registration systems, SDI
Geographic and Information Systems Sciences
contingent, informal, qualitative and prone to manipulations Legitimacy, equity,
sustainability
GIS for land administration, SDI, E-Government and all the above mentioned examples of Geo-ICT
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
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Evaluation Criteria and Performance Impact Issues
Evaluation Criteria
Geo-ICT Performance Impact
Operational efficiency
Data acquisition capability, data storage capability, data accessibility, response time
Operational effectiveness
Adequacy of services relative to need, quality, specificity, availability
Program effectiveness
Quicker decision making and space allocation, adequate coverage (level and scale, conflicts resolution
Diego Navarra, CERISDI – Summer School ‘Territorial Analysis and Planning’ 25 July 2012
Urban and Spatial Economics
Evaluation Criteria Geo-ICT Performance Impact
Legal, administrative and economic decision making; aid for planning and land development
Spatial decision making involving public administration, private sector and citizens
Support for efficient and effective land markets
Systematic collection, updating, processing and distribution of data
Maximisation of government efficiency and effectiveness in geo-information based service delivery
Techno/Legal/Managerial
Evaluation Criteria Geo-ICT Performance Impact
Institutional and organizational contexts
Capabilities, interactions, orientations and value distributions of Geo-ICT
Interactions between human agents in the production of geo-information
Friendliness, transparency, availability of services, personalized and citizen-centered services and accessibility
Development and use of Geo-ICT
Input indicators, output indicators, usage indicators, impact indicators and environment indicators
Citizen-public sector interaction, protection of legal rights and improved standard of health, safety and well-being
Geographic Information Systems Sciences
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
The Hammarby Model
Environmentally Friendly Electricity
Organic waste
Biosolids
Waste waterBiogas
Bios
olid
s
BiofuelDistrict Heating & Cooling
Purified waste water
Rain waterD
rinki
ng w
ater
Hazardous and electrical waste
Recycling (paper. Boxes, tins, etc.)
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Common denominators of successful European experiences:
• An integrated administration system based on advanced Geo-ICT, consideration of the environment in budgets and excellent planning, reporting and monitoring.
• A dynamic approach to model possible areas of environmental impact or improvement.
• Institutional arrangements, legal frameworks, fiscal incentives, processes, standards and models.
• Last but not least, the networking of stakeholders at different levels (i.e. city, region and national) for the promotion of welfare and development and the extendibility of these networks to interact in collaborations on a global scale.
Concluding Remarks
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
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15Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
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• EU-Russia FP7• European CO2 Capture, Transport & Storage
Initiative• European Electricity Grid Initiative• Solar Europe Initiative• European Wind Initiative• European Industrial Bio-energy Initiative• Smart Cities Initiative• Etc.
European R&D Funding Initiatives
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012
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Thank you Any questions?
[email protected] www.studionavarra.co.uk
Tel.:+447509107805Skype: diegonavarra
Diego Navarra, WPLA - UNECE – London, 10-13 October 2012