Transcript
Page 1: Philippines 1897 1899

THE STRUGGLE

CONTINUES

Philippines during

1897 – 1898

Page 2: Philippines 1897 1899

OBJECTIVES

AT THE END OF THE

LESSON, THE STUDENTS ARE

EXPECTED TO:

- Discuss intelligently the different historic events that happened in the Philippines from1897 -1899

- Appreciate the importance of Independence for the Filipino People

- To apply the importance of freedom in a short presentation

Page 3: Philippines 1897 1899

THE

SPANISH-

AMERICAN

WAR

- Cuban Revolution

won the sympathy

of Americans

Some influential Americans, like Theodore Roosevelt

wanted war with Spain so that the American Navy could

expand

Spain was

pre-occupied

with two

revolutions:

one in Cuba

and the other

in the

Philippines

Page 4: Philippines 1897 1899

February 15, 1898

The USS Maine (American

battleship) exploded at Havana

Harbor in Cuba. Spain was

blamed for the mishap.

More than 200 American

sailors died.

April 25, 1898 United States formally

declared war on Spain

Page 5: Philippines 1897 1899

Battle of Manila Bay

Commodore George Dewey – assigned to be

the commander of the American Asiatic Squadron

Admiral Patricio Montojo – Commander of

Samish squadron

May 1, 1898 – entered the bay in the early

morning hours

By 12:30 on the same day, Admiral Montojo „s

fleet was already destroyed

Page 6: Philippines 1897 1899

Aguinaldo went to Singapore from

Hongkong due to the pressure of the

plagiarist of the Cuban Constitution to

divide the Php 400,000 indemnity that

was given by the colonial government

to the rebels

April 23, 1898 – Aguinaldo and his

companion arrived in Singapore

Page 7: Philippines 1897 1899

Howard Bray visited Aguinaldo and

asked Aguinaldo that E. Spencer

Pratt (American Consul) wanted to

interview him.

In the Interview, Pratt told Aguinaldo

that Aguinaldo should side with the

Americans. He assured Aguinaldo

that the US had no intention on

making the Philippines a colony

Page 8: Philippines 1897 1899

April 26, 1898 – Aguinaldo and his

companions sailed for Hongkong (British

Colony at that time)

Rounseville Wildman – told that Dewey

had left instructions for the return of

Aguinaldo to the Philippines

Wildman told Aguinaldo to establish a

Revolutionary Government in the

Philippines so that he could easily take

steps to continue the revolution against

Spanish

Page 9: Philippines 1897 1899

HONGKONG

JUNTA –

Filipino Patriots

in Hongkong

Unanimously

decided that

Aguinaldo

should return to

the Philippines

Page 10: Philippines 1897 1899

Other details before our

independence from Spanish

Authority FAILURE OF THE LAST DESPERATE EFFORT BY

GOVERNOR GENERAL BASILIO AGUSTIN TO

APPOINT MESTIZOS IN THE CONSULTATIVE

ASSEMBLY

THE SECRET AGREEMENT - GENERAL

FERMIN JAUDENES (SUCCEEDED

AUGUSTIN) AND DEWEY/ GENERAL

WESLEY MERRITT

Page 11: Philippines 1897 1899

THE MOCK BATTLE OF

MANILA – AUGUST

13, 1898

- WALLED CITY

(INTRAMUROS MANILA

Page 12: Philippines 1897 1899

FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE

Philippines

during1898-1899

Page 13: Philippines 1897 1899

MAY 24, 1898 – AGUINALDO

FORMALLY ESTABLISHED

DICTATORIAL GOVERNMENT WHICH

HE DECLARED AS TEMPORARY

FELIPE AGONCILLO ADVISED WAY

BACK 1895 AGUINALDO TO LOOK

FOR SOME PATRIOTIC AND

DEDICATED MEN SUCH AS

APOLINARIO MABINI OF TANAUAN

BATANGAS

Page 14: Philippines 1897 1899

JUNE 12, 1898 - AGUINALDO SIGNED THE

PROCLAMATION OF PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE IN

KAWIT CAVITE

JULIAN FELIPE – A MUSICIAN FROM CAVITE

COMPOSED A MARCH TO BE PLAYED DURING THE

INDEPENDENCE DAY CEREMONY

“ MARCHA FILIPINA MAGDALO” – DECIDED BY

AGUINALDO TO BE THE OFFICIAL MARCH OF THE

PHILIPPINES

MRS. MARCELA AGONCILLO - SEWN THE

PHILIPPINE FLAG DESIGNED BY AGUINALDO

AMBROSIO RIANZARES BAUTISTA – PREPARED

AND READ IN SPANISH THE ACT OF THE

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

Page 15: Philippines 1897 1899

JUNE 23, 1898 – UPON THE ADVICE OF

MABINI, AGUINALDO CHANGED THE

GOVERNMENT FROM DICTATORIAL TO

REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT

Page 16: Philippines 1897 1899

REVOLUTIONARY

GOVERNMENT

Changed of title from Dictator to President

Four Departments were created, namely:

1. Department of Foreign Affairs, Navy and

Commerce

2. The Department of War and Public Works

3. The Department of Police and Internal

Order, Justice, Education and Hygiene

4. The Department of Finance, Agriculture and

Manufacturing Industry

Page 17: Philippines 1897 1899

REVOLUTIONARY

GOVERNMENT

June 23 – Creation of Congress later known to

be Malolos Congress ( happened in Barasoain

Church in Malolos, Bulacan)

MEMBERS OF CONGRESS:

PRESIDENT : Pedro A. Paterno

VICE PRESIDENT: Benito Legarda

FIRST SECRETARY : Gregorio Araneta

SECOND SECRETARY: Pablo Ocampo

Page 18: Philippines 1897 1899

REVOLUTIONARY

GOVERNMENT

January 21, 1899 – Aguinaldo promulgated

the Final version of the Constitution named as

Malolos Constitution

Page 19: Philippines 1897 1899

IMPORTANCE

It was the first important state document that the Filipino

people, speaking through their representatives, had ever

produced.

Provided for national and individual rights not only of

Filipinos, but also for foreigners

Safeguards against abuses were provided

According to the Constitution, the government that was

established was “popular , representative, and

responsible”

Three branches was also indicated: the executive, the

legislative and the judicial

Page 20: Philippines 1897 1899

Uniqueness of Malolos

Constitution

the assembly or the legislative branch was

more powerful than the executive or the

judicial branch

it provided that when the Assembly was not in

session, a Permanent commission, composed

of the members of the Assembly would sit as

a legislative body

the Constitution established a unicameral

legislature

Page 21: Philippines 1897 1899

THE FIRST PHILIPPINE

REPUBLIC

Page 22: Philippines 1897 1899

JANUARY 23, 1899

INAGUARATION OF THE REPUBLIC.

AGUINALDO TOOK HIS OATH OF OFFICE

AS PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC

TO MAKE THE EVENT MEMORABLE:

AGUINALDO PARDONED ALL PRISONERS

OF WAR WHO ARE NOT REGUKAR

MEMBERS OF THE SPANISH ARMY AND

SPANIARDS AND ALIENS WERE GRANTED

THE RIGHT TO ENGAGE IN BUSINESS IN

THE PHILIPPINES

Page 23: Philippines 1897 1899

THE FIRST PHILIPPINE

REPUBLIC

EDUCATION

Aguinaldo included an item for education

amounting to php 35,000.

Provided a decree for the improved

curriculum of the Burgos Institute

PERIODICALS OF THE REVOLUTION

La Independencia – most famous among

nationalistic newspapers / Editor and part-

owner was General Antonio Luna

Page 24: Philippines 1897 1899

The First Philippine Republic

Filipino Diplomats : Felipe Agoncillo- United

States, Mariano Ponce and Faustino Lichauco –

Japan, Antonio Ma. Regidor – England, Juan

Luna and Pedro Roxas – France, Eriberto

Zarcal – Australia

Treaty of Paris – Signed on December 10, 1898

between Spanish and American Peace

Commissioners

Spain turned over the Philippines to the

United States for the sum of $ 20,000,000 as

payment for the improvement made by Spain

in the Philippines

Page 25: Philippines 1897 1899

GROUP ACTIVITY

SHOW IN A SHORT ROLE PLAY THE

IMPORTANCE OF FREEDOM AND

INDEPENDENCE

Page 26: Philippines 1897 1899

SEARCH FOR THE

INFORMATION ABOUT THE

PHILIPPINE- AMERICAN WAR

Assignment


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