![Page 2: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
One of the practicalapplications of quartzoscillators is sensingto detect mass.
![Page 3: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
This type of measurement isQCM, which measure themass from the resonantfrequency of the quartzoscillator, which depends onthe mass adsorbed onsurface of the quartz.
![Page 4: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The QCM is a simple,cost effective, high-resolution mass sensingtechnique, based uponthe piezoelectric effect.
![Page 5: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
an applied
mechanical
force
the internal
generation
of electrical
charge
the internal
generation of
a mechanical
strain
an applied
electrical
field
Direct
piezoelectric
effect
Reverse
piezoelectric
effect
![Page 6: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The high sensitivity andthe real-time monitoring ofmass changes on thesensor crystal make QCM avery attractive techniquefor a large range ofapplications.
![Page 7: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
QCM technique hasrecognized as a standardtool that able to provideboth qualitative andquantitative informationabout their target materials.
![Page 8: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Photograph of typical quartz crystal resonators as usedfor QCM, metallized with gold electrodes (left: frontelectrode, right: back electrode) by vapor deposition.
![Page 10: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The core of the QCMtechnique is the piezoelectricAT-cut quartz crystalsandwiched between a pairof electrodes.
![Page 12: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Quartz crystal structure
Silicon dioxide
chemical formula: SiO2
Melting point: 1750 C
Density: 2.65g/cm3
Shear modulus, hardness…
![Page 13: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Z axis, Optical axis
X axis, Electric axis
Y axis, Mechanical axis
Distribution of crystal axis of
natural quartz crystal
![Page 14: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
1. Quartz crystal
2. Electrode material
ΔF= - 2 F02ΔM/A(q q)
1/2
ΔF: Frequency Change of Quartz Crystal;
ΔM: Mass Change of the Substance on Electrode
![Page 16: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Gold film electrodes as thesubstrate for adsorption studies.
The resonance frequency of thecrystal was determined by usingthe crystal as the frequency-determining element of anelectronic oscillator.
![Page 17: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The QCM is an ultrasensitiveweighing device, consisting of athin disk of single crystal quartz,with metal electrodes depositedon each side of the disk. Thecrystal can be made to oscillate atits resonant frequency, whenconnected to an external drivingoscillator circuit.
![Page 18: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
A great deal of attentionwas paid to the depositionof a thin layer on varioussurfaces.
![Page 22: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Mechanism for In-situ adsorption routes of target into QCM surface
![Page 23: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mechanism for indirect adsorption routes of target into QCM surface
Indirect Route for Adsorption Process
Indirect Route for Adsorption Process
![Page 24: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
In-situ and indirect routes for QCM surface for the adsorption
process of various materials.
![Page 25: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
QCM are classifiedaccording to the way thewafer is cut relative to thenatural crystallographicorientation of quartz.
![Page 26: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Polished grade, 5 MHz( 8 MHz ,10 MHz…), AT cut quartz crystal was employed for this study.
![Page 27: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
QCM sensor’s surfacecan be functionalizedwith organic andinorganic materials toimprove its sensitive andselective efficiency.
![Page 28: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Thin films with desired propertiesand functionalities have beensynthesized by various availablemethods.
chemical oxidation, electrochemical synthesis,
spin-coating, dip-coating, drop-coating,
thermal evaporation, Langmuir–Blodgett
and self-assembly techniques
![Page 29: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Homework (Materials for the Seminar course)
• Please describe a kind of preparation method and application of functionalized film for QCM.
• You need to report them in the seminar course.
![Page 30: Piezoelectric sensor Part 3 - uni-frankfurt.de](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022012413/616d9398f8642e1df427ec65/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
THANK YOU!