Plant Reproduction
Chapter 30
Reproductive Structures of Flowering Plants
Flowers are the reproductive shoots of angiosperm sporophytes
Spores that form by meiosis inside flowers develop into haploid
gametophytes
Pollination
Pollination: The transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma
Why is Pollination Important?
Sexual reproduction is important for evolution: Sexual reproduction produces variable
offspring You need variation for Natural Selection to occur Sexual reproduction is advantageous to an
organism only if it happens with someone other than itself!
Strategies to Avoid Self-Pollination
strategies to avoid self-pollination:• Timing – • Morphological – • Biochemical
Flowers and Their Pollinators
Sexual reproduction in plants involves transfer of pollen, usually from one plant to another
Flowering plants coevolved with pollinators such as insects, birds, or other animals
Pollen Distribution
Wind- not efficient and not spp. specific Animals• Insects• Birds• Mammals• Reptiles• amphibians
Day and Night Pollinators
Attracting Pollinators
Smelly!!
Carrion plant (Amorphophallus titanum)
zygote in seed (2n)
fertilization DIPLOID
Fig. 30-3, p. 509
mature sporophyte
(2n)germination
meiosis in anther
meiosis in ovary
HAPLOID
eggs (n) sperm (n)
male gametophyte (n)
female gametophyte (n) Stepped Art
microspores (n)
megaspores (n)
Life Cycle: Eudicot
Fruits
• A mature, seed-containing ovary, that develop from other parts of a flower
Fruits function to protect and disperse seeds
Artificial pollination-